Determining the Selection Criteria for Grain Yield of Cluster Bean in Mediterranean Conditions

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 4, 983 - 994, 24.10.2021

Rukiye Kara Mevlüt Akçura

https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.995116

Öz

Due to its versatile usage area, cluster bean is one of the crops on which many adaptation studies have been carried out in different countries in recent years. This research was conducted to determine selection criteria to increase the grain yield in the different locations of the Mediterranean climate in Turkey. The research was established in four different locations with nine cluster bean genotypes with three replications in a 9x10 rectangular lattice experimental design. Seventeen quantitative traits were examined. Correlation, factor, biplot, regression, and path analysis were used to create selection criteria to select genotypes with high grain yields in cluster beans. According to correlation analysis, there were positive and significant correlations between grain yield and number of pods per plant (NPP), the number of seeds per plant (NSP), grain yield per plant (GYP), number of clusters per plant (NCP), the 45th-day of plant height (45PH), 90th-day of plant height (90PH). Significant negative correlations were found between grain yield and pod width (WP), pod length (LP), and the number of grains per pod (NGP). According to the results of both factor and biplot analysis, seventeen traits were reduced to four factors, and factors explained 78.25% of the total variation. The most important factor group was composed of NPP, GY, NSP, NCP, and GYP with an explanation rate of 38.81%. Path analysis explained 76% of the grain yield. This method showed that the plant grain yield (P = 0.81) and the number of clusters in the plant (P = 0.25) had the highest direct effect on grain yield. Regression analysis results were also like path analysis. In the regression analysis were grain yield was the dependent variable, the plant grain yield (10.811) and the number of clusters in the plant (3.11) had the highest B value. The total disclosure rate of these two traits in Collinearity statistics was 93%. The results of all methods indicated that in the breeding programs to be established to increase the grain yield of cluster bean in the Mediterranean climate, selection on the seed yield of the plant and the number of pods in the cluster directly, according to the number of clusters in the plant indirectly will enable the breeders to reach their goals.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Cluster bean, biplot, correlation, path, factor, selection

Destekleyen Kurum

The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey

Proje Numarası

Grant project number 117O068.

Akdeniz Koşullarında Sakız Fasulyesinde Tane Verimi için Seleksiyon Kriterlerinin Belirlenmesi

Öz

Sakız fasulyesi çok yönlü kullanım alanına sahip olmasından dolayı son yıllarda farklı ülkelerde en fazla adaptasyon çalışması yürütülen bitkilerdendir. Bu araştırma Akdeniz ikliminin hâkim olduğu Türkiye’nin farklı çevrelerinde sakız fasulyesinde tane verimini artırmak için seleksiyon kriteri oluşturmak amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Araştırma 90 sakız fasulyesi genotipi ile 9x10 latis deneme deseninde 3 tekerrürlü olarak dört faklı çevrede kurulmuş, 17 adet kantitatif özellik incelenmiştir. Sakız fasulyesinde yüksek tane verimine sahip olan genotipleri seçebilmek için seleksiyon kriteri oluşturmak amacıyla, korelasyon, faktör, biplot, regresyon ve path analizleri kullanılmıştır. Korelasyon analizine göre tane verimi ile bitkide bakla sayısı (NPP), bitkide tane sayısı (NSP), bitkide tane verimi (GYP), bitkide küme sayısı (NCP), 45. gün bitki boyu (45PH), 90. gün bitki boyu (90PH) arasında olumlu ve önemli, tane verimi ile bakla eni (WP), bakla boyu (LP) ve baklada tane sayısı (NGP) arasında ise olumsuz önemli korelasyonlar tespit edilmiştir. Faktör ve biplot analizi sonuçlarına göre 17 adet özellik dört faktöre indirgenmiş, faktörler toplam varyasyonun % 78.25'ini açıklamıştır. En önemli faktör grubu %38.81’lik açıklama oranı ile NPP, GY, NSP, NCP ve GYP den oluşmuştur. Path analizi tane veriminin % 76 sını açıklamıştır. Bu yönteme göre tane verimi üzerine en yüksek doğrudan etkiye bitki tane verimi (P=0.81) ve bitkide küme sayısı (P=0.25) sahip olmuştur. Regresyon analizi sonuçları da path analizine benzer olmuştur. Tane veriminin bağımlı değişken olduğu regresyon analizinde en yüksek B değerine bitki tane verimi (10.811) ve bitkide küme sayısı (3.11) sahip olmuştur. Söz konusu iki özelliğin eş doğrusallık istatistikleri açıklama oranı toplamı % 93 olarak gerçekleşmiştir. Tüm yöntemlerin sonuçlarına göre akdeniz ikliminin hüküm sürdüğü bölgelerde sakız fasulyesinde tane verimini artırmak amacıyla oluşturulacak ıslah programlarında öncelikle doğrudan bitki tane verimi ve bitkide küme sayısına göre dolaylı yönden ise kümede bakla sayısı üzerinden seleksiyon yapılması ıslahçıların hedefine ulaşmalarını sağlayacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sakız fasulyesi, biplot, korelasyon, path, faktör, seleksiyon

Proje Numarası

Grant project number 117O068.

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