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Serpantin Üzerinde Oluşmuş Topraklarda Kobalt, Krom ve Nikelin Jeokimyasal Fraksiyonlarının Belirlenmesi (Çanakkale- Ezine, Türkiye)

Year 2022, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 509 - 517, 23.07.2022
https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.1092045

Abstract

Serpantin üzerinde oluşan topraklarda Cr ve Ni gibi bazı elementler oldukça yüksek konsantrasyonlara ulaşabilmekte ve toprak sisteminde meydana gelen yer değişimleri ve kayıp süreçleriyle ekosistemi olumsuz etkileyebilmektedir. Biga yarımadasında değişik lokasyonlarda farklı arazi kullanım türleri altında serpantin toprakları bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada sebze tarımı yapılan Çanakkale-Ezine İlçesi anayol güzergâhındaki serpantin üzerinde oluşmuş alanlardan alınan toprak örneklerinde Co, Cr ve Ni içeriklerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Farklı sebze yetiştirilen beş parselden alınan 15 ve kontrol amaçlı tarım yapılmayan alandan üç adet toprak numunesi çalışmanın materyalini oluşturmuştur. Metallerin jeokimyasal fraksiyonlarını belirlemek için ise ardışık ektraksiyon yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Kontrol topraklarındaki metal konsantrasyonlarının tarım yapılan toprak numunelerine göre 3-4 kat daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Tarım yapılan parsellerden alınan toprak numunelerinde bulunan Cr ve Ni konsantrasyonları tarımsal üretim açısından limit değerlerin üzerinde bulunmuştur. Metallerin potansiyel hareketliliği, tarım toprakları için Co (%50.6) > Ni (%19.3) > Cr (%6.7) ve kontrol için Co (%34.6) > Ni (%20.3) > Cr (%6.0) şeklindedir. Potansiyel mobil fraksiyonlar göz önüne alındığında, özellikle Co ve kısmen de Ni en fazla indirgenebilir fraksiyonda belirlenmiştir. Bu sonuç, Co ve Ni’nin çoğunlukla Fe/Mn oksitler tarafından adsorbe edildiğine veya çöktürüldüğüne işaret etmektedir. Tüm numunelerde metaller değişebilir fraksiyonda oldukça düşük oranlarda bulunmuştur. Bu durum antropojenik etkinin çok zayıf olduğunu, büyük oranda litolojik etkileşimi açıklamaktadır. Tarım ve kontrol alanı toprak numunelerinde tüm metaller çoğunlukla kalıntı fraksiyonda belirlenmiştir. Toprağın mineral yapısındaki metalleri gösteren kalıntı fraksiyonu, toprak örneklerinde bulunan Co, Cr ve Ni içeriklerinin çevre jeolojisinin özelliklerini yansıttığını göstermektedir.

Supporting Institution

Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinasyon Birimi

Project Number

FHD-2017-1358

Thanks

Bu çalışmayı FHD-2017-1358 kodlu proje ile destekleyen Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinasyon Birimine teşekkürlerimizi sunarız. Yazarlardan Erdem Temel, Yükseköğretim Kurulu (YÖK) 100/2000 öncelikli alanlardan “Sürdürülebilir Tarım” alanında doktora bursiyeridir.

References

  • Anju, M. ve Banerjee, D. K. 2010. Comparison of two sequential extraction procedures for heavy metal partitioning in mine tailings. Chemosphere, 78(11), 1393-1402.
  • El Khalil, H., El Hamiani, O., Bitton, G., Ouazzani, N. ve Boularbah, A. 2008. Heavy metal contamination from mining sites in South Morocco: monitoring metal content and toxicity of soil runoff and groundwater. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 136(1): 147-160.
  • Eren, S. T., Sungur, A. ve Ekinci, H. 2021. Trace metal fractions, sources, and risk assessment in sediments from Umurbey Stream (Çanakkale-Turkey). Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 193(6): 1-14.
  • Everest, T. ve Özcan, H. (2018. Toprak Verimliliğinin Değerlendirilmesinde Pedo-Jeolojik Yaklaşım. Türk Tarım ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, 5 (4) , 589-603.
  • Everest, T., Sungur, A., Parlak, M., Temel, E. ve Özcan, H. 2021. Farklı Arazi Örtüsünün Arazi Degradasyonu Üzerine Etkileri: Çanakkale Çıplak Köyü Örneği. ANADOLU Ege Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü Dergisi, 31 (2), 180-193.
  • Filgueiras, A. V., Lavilla, I. ve Bendicho, C. 2004. Evaluation of distribution, mobility and binding behaviour of heavy metals in surficial sediments of Louro River (Galicia, Spain) using chemometric analysis: a case study. Science of the Total Environment, 330(1-3): 115-129.
  • Gee GW. ve Or, D. 2002. Particle Size Analysis. In: Dane, J.H. and Topp, G.C., Eds., Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 4, Physical Methods, Soils Science Society of America, Book Series No. 5, Madison, 255-293.
  • Ghayoraneh, M., ve Qishlaqi, A. 2017. Concentration, distribution and speciation of toxic metals in soils along a transect around a Zn/Pb smelter in the northwest of Iran. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 180, 1-14.
  • Hjortenkrans, D. S., Bergbäck, B. G. ve Häggerud, A. V. (2008). Transversal immission patterns and leachability of heavy metals in road side soils. Journal of Environmental Monitoring, 10(6), 739-746.
  • Kelepertzis, E., Paraskevopoulou, V., Argyraki, A., Fligos, G. ve Chalkiadaki, O. 2015. Evaluation of single extraction procedures for the assessment of heavy metal extractability in citrus agricultural soil of a typical Mediterranean environment (Argolida, Greece). Journal of Soils and Sediments, 15(11): 2265-2275.
  • Kraemer, S. M. ve Hering, J. G. 2004. Biogeochemical controls on the mobility and bioavailability of metals in soils and groundwater-Preface. Aquatic Sciences, 66(1): 1-2.
  • Mouni, L., Belkhiri, L., Bouzaza, A. ve Bollinger, J. C. 2017. Interactions between Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn and four different mine soils. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 10(4): 1-9.
  • Nelson, D.W. ve Sommers, L.E. 1982. Total carbon, organic carbon and organic matter. In: Page AL, editor;, Miller RH, editor; & Keeney DR, editor.(Eds.), Methods of soil analysis, part 2. American Society of Agronomy, Madison, 539–577.
  • Nelson, R.E. 1982. Carbonate and gypsum. In: Page AL, editor;, Miller RH, editor; & Keeney DR, editor.(Eds.), Methods of soil analysis, part 2. American Society of Agronomy, Madison, 181–197.
  • Pueyo, M., Mateu, J., Rigol, A., Vidal, M., López-Sánchez, J. F. ve Rauret, G. 2008. Use of the modified BCR three-step sequential extraction procedure for the study of trace element dynamics in contaminated soils. Environmental Pollution, 152(2): 330-341.
  • Rauret, G. 1998. Extraction procedures for the determination of heavy metals in contaminated soil and sediment. Talanta, 46(3): 449-455.
  • Rauret, G., Lopez-Sanchez, J. F., Sahuquillo, A., Rubio, R., Davidson, C., Ure, A. Ve Quevauviller, P. 1999. Improvement of the BCR three step sequential extraction procedure prior to the certification of new sediment and soil reference materials. Journal of Environmental Monitoring, 1(1): 57-61.
  • Rodríguez, L., Ruiz, E., Alonso-Azcárate, J. ve Rincón, J. 2009. Heavy metal distribution and chemical speciation in tailings and soils around a Pb–Zn mine in Spain. Journal of Environmental Management, 90(2): 1106-1116.
  • Shah, M. T., Ara, J., Muhammad, S., Khan, S., Asad, S. A. ve Ali, L. 2014. Potential heavy metals accumulation of indigenous plant species along the mafic and ultramafic terrain in the Mohmand Agency, Pakistan. CLEAN–Soil, Air, Water, 42(3): 339-346.
  • Sungur, A., Kavdir, Y., Özcan, H., İlay, R. ve Soylak, M. 2021. Geochemical fractions of trace metals in surface and core sections of aggregates in agricultural soils. Catena, 197: 104995.
  • Sungur, A., Soylak, M., Yilmaz, S. ve Özcan, H. 2014. Determination of heavy metals in sediments of the Ergene River by BCR sequential extraction method. Environmental Earth Sciences, 72(9): 3293-3305.
  • Thomas, GW. 1996. Soil pH and soil acidity. In: Sparks DL, Page AL, Helmke PA, Loppert RH, Soltanpour PN, Tabatabai MA, Johnston CT, Summner ME (eds) Methods of soil analysis, part 3: chemical methods. ASA and SSSA, Madison, 475–490.
  • Vithanage, M., Rajapaksha, A. U., Oze, C., Rajakaruna, N.ve Dissanayake, C. B. 2014. Metal release from serpentine soils in Sri Lanka. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 186(6): 3415-3429.
  • Vural, A. 2015. Assessment of metal pollution associated with an alteration area: Old Gümüşhane, NE Black Sea. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 22(5), 3219–3228.
  • Vural, A. 2020. Investigation of the relationship between rare earth elements, trace elements, and major oxides in soil geochemistry. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 192(2), 124.
Year 2022, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 509 - 517, 23.07.2022
https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.1092045

Abstract

Project Number

FHD-2017-1358

References

  • Anju, M. ve Banerjee, D. K. 2010. Comparison of two sequential extraction procedures for heavy metal partitioning in mine tailings. Chemosphere, 78(11), 1393-1402.
  • El Khalil, H., El Hamiani, O., Bitton, G., Ouazzani, N. ve Boularbah, A. 2008. Heavy metal contamination from mining sites in South Morocco: monitoring metal content and toxicity of soil runoff and groundwater. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 136(1): 147-160.
  • Eren, S. T., Sungur, A. ve Ekinci, H. 2021. Trace metal fractions, sources, and risk assessment in sediments from Umurbey Stream (Çanakkale-Turkey). Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 193(6): 1-14.
  • Everest, T. ve Özcan, H. (2018. Toprak Verimliliğinin Değerlendirilmesinde Pedo-Jeolojik Yaklaşım. Türk Tarım ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, 5 (4) , 589-603.
  • Everest, T., Sungur, A., Parlak, M., Temel, E. ve Özcan, H. 2021. Farklı Arazi Örtüsünün Arazi Degradasyonu Üzerine Etkileri: Çanakkale Çıplak Köyü Örneği. ANADOLU Ege Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü Dergisi, 31 (2), 180-193.
  • Filgueiras, A. V., Lavilla, I. ve Bendicho, C. 2004. Evaluation of distribution, mobility and binding behaviour of heavy metals in surficial sediments of Louro River (Galicia, Spain) using chemometric analysis: a case study. Science of the Total Environment, 330(1-3): 115-129.
  • Gee GW. ve Or, D. 2002. Particle Size Analysis. In: Dane, J.H. and Topp, G.C., Eds., Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 4, Physical Methods, Soils Science Society of America, Book Series No. 5, Madison, 255-293.
  • Ghayoraneh, M., ve Qishlaqi, A. 2017. Concentration, distribution and speciation of toxic metals in soils along a transect around a Zn/Pb smelter in the northwest of Iran. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 180, 1-14.
  • Hjortenkrans, D. S., Bergbäck, B. G. ve Häggerud, A. V. (2008). Transversal immission patterns and leachability of heavy metals in road side soils. Journal of Environmental Monitoring, 10(6), 739-746.
  • Kelepertzis, E., Paraskevopoulou, V., Argyraki, A., Fligos, G. ve Chalkiadaki, O. 2015. Evaluation of single extraction procedures for the assessment of heavy metal extractability in citrus agricultural soil of a typical Mediterranean environment (Argolida, Greece). Journal of Soils and Sediments, 15(11): 2265-2275.
  • Kraemer, S. M. ve Hering, J. G. 2004. Biogeochemical controls on the mobility and bioavailability of metals in soils and groundwater-Preface. Aquatic Sciences, 66(1): 1-2.
  • Mouni, L., Belkhiri, L., Bouzaza, A. ve Bollinger, J. C. 2017. Interactions between Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn and four different mine soils. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 10(4): 1-9.
  • Nelson, D.W. ve Sommers, L.E. 1982. Total carbon, organic carbon and organic matter. In: Page AL, editor;, Miller RH, editor; & Keeney DR, editor.(Eds.), Methods of soil analysis, part 2. American Society of Agronomy, Madison, 539–577.
  • Nelson, R.E. 1982. Carbonate and gypsum. In: Page AL, editor;, Miller RH, editor; & Keeney DR, editor.(Eds.), Methods of soil analysis, part 2. American Society of Agronomy, Madison, 181–197.
  • Pueyo, M., Mateu, J., Rigol, A., Vidal, M., López-Sánchez, J. F. ve Rauret, G. 2008. Use of the modified BCR three-step sequential extraction procedure for the study of trace element dynamics in contaminated soils. Environmental Pollution, 152(2): 330-341.
  • Rauret, G. 1998. Extraction procedures for the determination of heavy metals in contaminated soil and sediment. Talanta, 46(3): 449-455.
  • Rauret, G., Lopez-Sanchez, J. F., Sahuquillo, A., Rubio, R., Davidson, C., Ure, A. Ve Quevauviller, P. 1999. Improvement of the BCR three step sequential extraction procedure prior to the certification of new sediment and soil reference materials. Journal of Environmental Monitoring, 1(1): 57-61.
  • Rodríguez, L., Ruiz, E., Alonso-Azcárate, J. ve Rincón, J. 2009. Heavy metal distribution and chemical speciation in tailings and soils around a Pb–Zn mine in Spain. Journal of Environmental Management, 90(2): 1106-1116.
  • Shah, M. T., Ara, J., Muhammad, S., Khan, S., Asad, S. A. ve Ali, L. 2014. Potential heavy metals accumulation of indigenous plant species along the mafic and ultramafic terrain in the Mohmand Agency, Pakistan. CLEAN–Soil, Air, Water, 42(3): 339-346.
  • Sungur, A., Kavdir, Y., Özcan, H., İlay, R. ve Soylak, M. 2021. Geochemical fractions of trace metals in surface and core sections of aggregates in agricultural soils. Catena, 197: 104995.
  • Sungur, A., Soylak, M., Yilmaz, S. ve Özcan, H. 2014. Determination of heavy metals in sediments of the Ergene River by BCR sequential extraction method. Environmental Earth Sciences, 72(9): 3293-3305.
  • Thomas, GW. 1996. Soil pH and soil acidity. In: Sparks DL, Page AL, Helmke PA, Loppert RH, Soltanpour PN, Tabatabai MA, Johnston CT, Summner ME (eds) Methods of soil analysis, part 3: chemical methods. ASA and SSSA, Madison, 475–490.
  • Vithanage, M., Rajapaksha, A. U., Oze, C., Rajakaruna, N.ve Dissanayake, C. B. 2014. Metal release from serpentine soils in Sri Lanka. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 186(6): 3415-3429.
  • Vural, A. 2015. Assessment of metal pollution associated with an alteration area: Old Gümüşhane, NE Black Sea. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 22(5), 3219–3228.
  • Vural, A. 2020. Investigation of the relationship between rare earth elements, trace elements, and major oxides in soil geochemistry. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 192(2), 124.
There are 25 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Agricultural, Veterinary and Food Sciences
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Hasan Özcan 0000-0002-3476-1241

Ali Sungur 0000-0002-2943-9207

Timuçin Everest 0000-0002-3670-2114

Erdem Temel 0000-0001-8028-0716

Mustafa Bozcu 0000-0002-1360-8651

Mustafa Soylak 0000-0002-1017-0244

Project Number FHD-2017-1358
Publication Date July 23, 2022
Submission Date March 23, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 9 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Özcan, H., Sungur, A., Everest, T., Temel, E., et al. (2022). Serpantin Üzerinde Oluşmuş Topraklarda Kobalt, Krom ve Nikelin Jeokimyasal Fraksiyonlarının Belirlenmesi (Çanakkale- Ezine, Türkiye). Turkish Journal of Agricultural and Natural Sciences, 9(3), 509-517. https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.1092045