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Çevre Dostu Yakıt Biyodizel Üretiminde Birinci Nesil Hammadde Kaynağı Olarak Kullanılan Yağlı Tohum Bitkilerinin Potansiyellerinin Sektörel Açıdan İncelenmesi

Year 2022, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 496 - 501, 23.07.2022
https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.982836

Abstract

Tarım sistemimiz, artan gıda ve yenilenebilir enerji taleplerine yanıt vermekte zorlanmaktadır. Hammaddesi tarıma dayalı olan enerji çeşitlendirmesine gidilerek yerel biyoyakıt hammadde kaynaklarımızı ön plana çıkarmamız gereklidir. Türkiye'de yağlı tohum üretimi için ayrılan toplam alan, tüm ekilebilir arazinin %4'ü kadardır ve yetersizdir. Biyodizel üretiminde dünyada ve ülkemizde ağırlıklı olarak birinci nesil yağlı tohum bitkileri hammadde olarak kullanılmaktadır. Ülkemizde özellikle hammadde eksikliği nedeniyle yıl boyunca sürekli faaliyet gösteremeyen lisanslı biyodizel üretim şirketlerinin sayısı hızla azalmaktadır. Ülkemizde üretimde en yüksek paya sahip yağlı tohum bitkileri olarak belirlenen ayçiçeği, pamuk tohumu, kolza ve aspir için potansiyel biyodizel hacimleri hesaplanmıştır. Biyodizel hacmi kolza ve aspir bitkileri için yetersiz bulunmuştur. Ayçiçeği ve pamuk tohumlarının toplam potansiyel biyodizel hacmi 593 338 554 litre olarak hesaplanmıştır. Biyodizel üretim sektöründeki firmaların faaliyetlerinin devamlılığı için alternatif yağ bitkilerini kullanarak yapılacak yetiştiricilik büyük önem taşımaktadır.

References

  • Referans1 Agarwal, A. K. 2007. Biofuels (alcohols and biodiesel) applications as fuels for internal combustion engines. Prog. Energy Combust. Sci, 33(3): 233–271.
  • Referans2 Altın, R., Cetinkaya, S. and Yücesu, H. 2001. Potential of using vegetable oil fuels as fuel for diesel engines. Energy Convers. Manage, 42: 529–538.
  • Referans3 Akınerdem, F. and Öztürk, Ö. 2014. Yağ bitkileri üretim stratejiler, Ayçiçeği Paneli, 18 Mart 2014, Konya, Türkiye.
  • Referans4 Çelebi, A. K. and Uğur, A. 2015. Yakıtlara Yönelik Mali Teşvikler: Türkiye Açısından Bir Değerlendirme. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 33(2): 25-45.
  • Referans5 Chong, C. T., Loe, T. Y., Wong, K. Y., Ashokkumar, V., Lam, S. S, Chong, W. T., Borrion, A., Tian, B. and Han, N.g.J. 2021. Biodiesel sustainability: The global impact of potential biodiesel production on the energy–water–food (EWF) nexus. Environmental Technology & Innovation, 22, 101408.
  • Referans6 FAOSTAT, 2021. The United Nations: Food and Agriculture Organization of The United Nations. URL: http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/TP (accessed date: July, 25, 2021)
  • Referans7 Giakoumis, E. G. 2018. Analysis of 22 vegetable oils’ physico-chemical properties and fatty acid composition on a statistical basis, and correlation with the degree of unsaturation. Renewable energy, 126: 403-419.
  • Referans8 Huang, H., Khanna, M., Ona,l H. and Chen, X. 2013. Stacking low carbon policies on the renewable fuels standard: Economic and greenhouse gas implications. Energy Policy, 56: 5-15.
  • Referans9 Johnston, M. and Holloway, T. 2007. Policy analysis a global comparison of national biodiesel production potentials. Environ. Sci. Technol, 41 (23): 7967–7973.
  • Referans10 Kıllı, F. and Beycioğlu, T. 2019. Türkiye’de ve Dünyada Yağlı Tohum ve Ham Yağ Üretim Durumu Türkiye Yağlı Tohum Üretimine İlişkin Önemli Sorunlar. Uluslararası Anadolu Ziraat Mühendisliği Bilimleri Dergisi (UAZİMDER), (Özel Sayı 1): 17-33.
  • Referans11 Karaosmanoğlu, F. 2019. “Biyodizelin Yaşam Döngüsünde Çevre ve İklim Değişimine Etkisi. Biyodizel Endüstri Raporu. URL: http://www.biyodizel.org.tr/asset/pdf/biyodizel.pdf (accessed date: July, 10, 2021)
  • Referans12 Kadakoğlu, B. and Karlı B. 2019. Türkiye’de Yağlı Tohum Üretimi ve Dış Ticareti. The Journal of Academic Social Science, 7(96): 324-341.
  • Referans13 Karmakar, A., Karmakar, S. and Mukherjee, S. 2010. Properties of various plants and animals feedstocks for biodiesel production. Bioresour. Technol, 101(19): 7201–7210.
  • Referans14 TUIK, 2019. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu, Bitkisel Üretim ve Dış Ticaret İstatistikleri. URL: http://www.tuik.gov.tr/ (accessed date: May, 20, 2021)
  • Referans15 USDA, 2017. “Foreign Agricultural Service”, U.S. Department of Agriculture Gain Report. URL: https://apps.fas.usda.gov/newgainapi/api/report (accessed date: May, 18, 2021)
  • Referans16 Sinha, S., Agarwal A. K. and Garg, S. 2008. Biodiesel development from rice bran oil: Transesterification process optimization and fuel characterization. Energy Convers. Manage, 49 (5): 1248–1257.
  • Referans17 Singh, S. P. and Singh, D. 2010. Biodiesel production through the use of different sources and characterization of oils and their esters as the substitute of diesel: A review. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev, 14 (1): 200–216.
  • Referans18 Viola, E., Zimbardi, F. and Valerio, V. 2011. Graphical method to select vegetable oils as potential feedstock for biodiesel production. Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol, 113(12): 1541–1549.

Investigation of the Potentials of Oilseed Crops used as a First-Generation Feedstocks in the Production of Environmental Friendly Fuel Biodiesel in Terms of Sector

Year 2022, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 496 - 501, 23.07.2022
https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.982836

Abstract

Our agricultural system is struggling to respond to increasing demands for food and renewable energy. We need to bring our local biofuel feedstocks production to the fore by using energy diversification, whose raw material is based on agriculture. The total area reserved for oilseed production in Turkey is still deficient, 4% of the entire arable land. First-generation oilseed crops are mainly used in biodiesel production in the world and our country. The number of licensed biodiesel production companies that cannot operate regularly due to lack of raw materials is rapidly decreasing. Potential biodiesel volumes were calculated for sunflower, cottonseed, rapeseed, and safflower, determined as the oilseed crops with the highest share in production in our country. Biodiesel volume was found insufficient for rapeseed and safflower crops. The total potential biodiesel volume of sunflower and cottonseed was calculated as 593 338 554 liters. For the continuity of companies in the biodiesel production sector, cultivation using alternative oil plants is of great importance.

References

  • Referans1 Agarwal, A. K. 2007. Biofuels (alcohols and biodiesel) applications as fuels for internal combustion engines. Prog. Energy Combust. Sci, 33(3): 233–271.
  • Referans2 Altın, R., Cetinkaya, S. and Yücesu, H. 2001. Potential of using vegetable oil fuels as fuel for diesel engines. Energy Convers. Manage, 42: 529–538.
  • Referans3 Akınerdem, F. and Öztürk, Ö. 2014. Yağ bitkileri üretim stratejiler, Ayçiçeği Paneli, 18 Mart 2014, Konya, Türkiye.
  • Referans4 Çelebi, A. K. and Uğur, A. 2015. Yakıtlara Yönelik Mali Teşvikler: Türkiye Açısından Bir Değerlendirme. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 33(2): 25-45.
  • Referans5 Chong, C. T., Loe, T. Y., Wong, K. Y., Ashokkumar, V., Lam, S. S, Chong, W. T., Borrion, A., Tian, B. and Han, N.g.J. 2021. Biodiesel sustainability: The global impact of potential biodiesel production on the energy–water–food (EWF) nexus. Environmental Technology & Innovation, 22, 101408.
  • Referans6 FAOSTAT, 2021. The United Nations: Food and Agriculture Organization of The United Nations. URL: http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/TP (accessed date: July, 25, 2021)
  • Referans7 Giakoumis, E. G. 2018. Analysis of 22 vegetable oils’ physico-chemical properties and fatty acid composition on a statistical basis, and correlation with the degree of unsaturation. Renewable energy, 126: 403-419.
  • Referans8 Huang, H., Khanna, M., Ona,l H. and Chen, X. 2013. Stacking low carbon policies on the renewable fuels standard: Economic and greenhouse gas implications. Energy Policy, 56: 5-15.
  • Referans9 Johnston, M. and Holloway, T. 2007. Policy analysis a global comparison of national biodiesel production potentials. Environ. Sci. Technol, 41 (23): 7967–7973.
  • Referans10 Kıllı, F. and Beycioğlu, T. 2019. Türkiye’de ve Dünyada Yağlı Tohum ve Ham Yağ Üretim Durumu Türkiye Yağlı Tohum Üretimine İlişkin Önemli Sorunlar. Uluslararası Anadolu Ziraat Mühendisliği Bilimleri Dergisi (UAZİMDER), (Özel Sayı 1): 17-33.
  • Referans11 Karaosmanoğlu, F. 2019. “Biyodizelin Yaşam Döngüsünde Çevre ve İklim Değişimine Etkisi. Biyodizel Endüstri Raporu. URL: http://www.biyodizel.org.tr/asset/pdf/biyodizel.pdf (accessed date: July, 10, 2021)
  • Referans12 Kadakoğlu, B. and Karlı B. 2019. Türkiye’de Yağlı Tohum Üretimi ve Dış Ticareti. The Journal of Academic Social Science, 7(96): 324-341.
  • Referans13 Karmakar, A., Karmakar, S. and Mukherjee, S. 2010. Properties of various plants and animals feedstocks for biodiesel production. Bioresour. Technol, 101(19): 7201–7210.
  • Referans14 TUIK, 2019. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu, Bitkisel Üretim ve Dış Ticaret İstatistikleri. URL: http://www.tuik.gov.tr/ (accessed date: May, 20, 2021)
  • Referans15 USDA, 2017. “Foreign Agricultural Service”, U.S. Department of Agriculture Gain Report. URL: https://apps.fas.usda.gov/newgainapi/api/report (accessed date: May, 18, 2021)
  • Referans16 Sinha, S., Agarwal A. K. and Garg, S. 2008. Biodiesel development from rice bran oil: Transesterification process optimization and fuel characterization. Energy Convers. Manage, 49 (5): 1248–1257.
  • Referans17 Singh, S. P. and Singh, D. 2010. Biodiesel production through the use of different sources and characterization of oils and their esters as the substitute of diesel: A review. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev, 14 (1): 200–216.
  • Referans18 Viola, E., Zimbardi, F. and Valerio, V. 2011. Graphical method to select vegetable oils as potential feedstock for biodiesel production. Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol, 113(12): 1541–1549.
There are 18 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Hülya Karabaş 0000-0002-2773-6160

Publication Date July 23, 2022
Submission Date August 14, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 9 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Karabaş, H. (2022). Investigation of the Potentials of Oilseed Crops used as a First-Generation Feedstocks in the Production of Environmental Friendly Fuel Biodiesel in Terms of Sector. Turkish Journal of Agricultural and Natural Sciences, 9(3), 496-501. https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.982836