Enerji Tüketimi ve Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisinin Panel Ekonometrik Analizi: Bric Ülkeleri Örneği

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 4, 922 - 932, 13.10.2023

Ferid Önder Hüseyin Ağır

https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.1355868

Öz

Various changes have occurred in many fields in countries during globalization. In the economic field, relationships between countries have developed, and the trade and investment environment has expanded. Industries have entered a highly developmental environment, competition has increased in some sectors, the global production and supply chain has changed, and production has become more integrated. International trade and investments have grown, communication has accelerated with technological development, and international cooperation has strengthened. While some countries have become economically stronger, others have become dependent on countries rich in natural resources. One of the most important areas of this dependence is energy dependence, which is experienced as a result of the increase in energy demand sensitive to production increase. This is because the increase in production is directly related to energy input. This study investigates the relationship between energy consumption and economic growth in BRIC countries, which exhibit similar characteristics in terms of various macroeconomic indicators. The results obtained from dynamic panel data methods using annual data for the period 1990-2020 reveal that a 1% increase in energy consumption across the panel in the countries included in the analysis increases economic growth by 1.46%. Therefore, energy constitutes one of the most important inputs for economic growth.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Globalization, BRIC, Economic Growth, Energy Consumption

Panel Econometric Analysis of the Relationship between Energy Consumption and Economic Growth: The Case of the Bric Countries

Öz

Küreselleşme sürecinde ülkelerde birçok alanda çeşitli değişimlerin yaşandığı söylenebilir. Ekonomik alanda, ülkeler arasındaki ilişkiler gelişmiş, ticaret ve yatırım ortamı genişlemiştir. Sanayi yüksek bir gelişim ortamına girmiş, bazı sektörlerde rekabet artmış, küresel üretim ve tedarik zinciri değişmiş ve üretim daha entegre hale gelmiştir. Uluslararası ticaret ve yatırımlar artmış, teknolojik gelişmeyle beraber iletişim hızlanmış ve uluslararası iş birlikleri güçlenmiştir. Bazı ülkeler ekonomik olarak daha güçlü hale gelirken bir kısmı da özellikle doğal kaynak zengini ülkelere bağımlı hale gelmiştir. Söz konusu bağımlılıkta en önemli alanlardan birisi, üretim artışına duyarlı enerji talebindeki artış sonucunda yaşanan enerji bağımlılığı olarak görülmektedir. Zira üretimdeki artış enerji girdisi ile doğrudan ilgilidir.
Bu çalışmada çeşitli makroekonomik göstergeler açısından benzer özellikler sergileyen BRIC ülkelerinde enerji tüketimi ve ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişki araştırılmaktadır. 1990-2020 dönemi yıllık verileriyle dinamik panel veri yöntemlerinden elde edilen sonuçlar, analize dahil edilen ülkelerde panel genelinde enerji tüketiminde meydana gelen %1’lik bir artışın ekonomik büyümeyi %1.46 oranında artırdığını ortaya koymaktadır. Dolayısıyla, enerji ekonomik büyümenin en önemli girdilerinden birisini oluşturmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Küreselleşme, BRIC, Ekonomik Büyüme, Enerji Tüketimi.

Kaynakça

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