Investigation of effects Different Particle Size Quartz and Feldspar on Body Physical Properties
Abstract
Ceramic sanitary ware is produced using raw materials such as inorganic non-metallic feldspar, quartz, clay, and kaolin. These raw materials are prepared as a slurry according to a specific recipe. Plaster and/or resin are then shaped in molds to create designs for sinks, pedestals, toilet bowls, cisterns, bidets, latrine stones, urinals, and shower trays. They are hard-structured, opaque, low-porosity materials obtained by firing at 1200-1250 ℃. Two types of materials are used in the production of ceramic sanitary ware: cored and non-cored (hard). Coreless raw materials are broken down by various methods to reduce the grain size. The grinding process of silica sand and feldspar, which are the coreless raw materials within vitrified ceramics, consumes the most energy after firing. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of the grain size of silica sand and feldspar on the physical properties of the prepared bodies. For this purpose, slurry was prepared using mill phases with varying grinding times. To examine the physical properties of the prepared slurries, such as shrinkage, deformation, and water absorption, they were fired in a tunnel kiln at 1210 °c for approximately 17 hours. The XRD graph was analysed to reveal the effect of grain size on the phases within the structure and the formation of the glassy phase. The study observed that as the grinding time increased, meaning that the grain size of the body became finer, water absorption decreased while dry strength and firing shrinkage increased. According to the results of the mineralogical analysis, it was found that the free quartz ratio decreased with the reduced grain size.
Keywords
Sanitaryware, hard raw material, grinding, casting properties, vitrous china
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