Structure–Mechanical Property Correlation in Ba(C2H3O2)2 added Bi-2212 Ceramics: Identifying Optimal Doping via Semi-Empirical Hardness Modeling

Ali Serol Ertürk; Mustafa Burak Türköz; Ümit Erdem; Gürcan Yıldırım

doi:10.29137/ijerad.1764808

Structure–Mechanical Property Correlation in Ba(C2H3O2)2 added Bi-2212 Ceramics: Identifying Optimal Doping via Semi-Empirical Hardness Modeling

Abstract

This comprehensive study investigates the effect of barium acetate (Ba(C2H3O2)2) impurity ion addition, in the range of 0.00–0.12 mole-to-mole ratios, on the key mechanical performance, characteristics and true mechanical microhardness (Hv) in the plateau limit (PL) areas of bulk Bi2.1Sr2.0Ca1.1Cu2.0Oᵧ+(Ba(C2H3O2)2)x ceramic structures, using microhardness measurement tests under applied loads intervals 0.295 N to 2.940 N. A suite of semi-empirical mechanical modeling approaches, including elastic/plastic deformation (EPD), Meyer’s Law (ML), modified proportional sample resistance (MPSR), proportional sample resistance (PSR), and Hays–Kendall (HK) mechanical approaches is employed to evaluate changes in mechanical performance within the PL regions. The results show that the incorporation of Ba(C2H3O2)2 impurity ion addition progressively degrades intrinsic slip systems and mechanical durability. As a result, undoped Bi-2212 ceramic structure exhibits the lowest sensitivity to external loads, while the most heavily doped composition displays the highest susceptibility to applied loads. All Bi2.1Sr2.0Ca1.1Cu2.0Oᵧ+(Ba(C2H3O2)2)x ceramic structures ceramics exhibit the characteristic indentation size effect (ISE) performance. Among the mechanical investigation models examined, the HK approach yields hardness values in the plateau regions that most closely match the experimentally measured Hv parameters, confirming its superiority and reliability for the mechanical characterization of Bi-2212 systems containing barium acetate impurity ions.

Keywords

Bi-2212 phase , Ba(C2H3O2)2 addition , Hv , true Hv values , HK mechanical approach

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Solid Mechanics

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Ali Serol Ertürk
0000-0001-5352-7939
Türkiye

Mustafa Burak Türköz
0000-0002-4127-7650
Türkiye

Ümit Erdem ^*
0000-0002-0480-8176
Türkiye

Gürcan Yıldırım
0000-0003-4495-3674
Türkiye

Early Pub Date

November 23, 2025

Publication Date

November 30, 2025

Submission Date

August 14, 2025

Acceptance Date

October 12, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 17 Number: 3

DOI

https://doi.org/10.29137/ijerad.1764808

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA95MM68JZ

APA

Ertürk, A. S., Türköz, M. B., Erdem, Ü., & Yıldırım, G. (2025). Structure–Mechanical Property Correlation in Ba(C2H3O2)2 added Bi-2212 Ceramics: Identifying Optimal Doping via Semi-Empirical Hardness Modeling. International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, 17(3), 577-589. https://doi.org/10.29137/ijerad.1764808

Kırıkkale University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Science, 71450 Yahşihan / Kırıkkale, Türkiye.

ijerad@kku.edu.tr

Structure–Mechanical Property Correlation in Ba(C2H3O2)2 added Bi-2212 Ceramics: Identifying Optimal Doping via Semi-Empirical Hardness Modeling

Abstract

Keywords

References

Details

Primary Language

Subjects

Journal Section

Authors

Early Pub Date

Publication Date

Submission Date

Acceptance Date

Published in Issue

DOI

IZ

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