Research Article

Effect of seawater on fixation in bovine liver and heart tissues

Number: 2 June 20, 2026

Effect of seawater on fixation in bovine liver and heart tissues

Abstract

In this study, bovine liver and heart tissues were obtained from 60 male animals (approximately 2 years old, Holstein breed) slaughtered at a private abattoir in Ankara, Türkiye. The tissues were fixed using three alcohol-based (70%) and three formalin-based (10%) solutions prepared with either distilled water or seawater. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of seawater-based fixation solutions on hematoxylin–eosin (H&E) staining, which is the standard method for histological evaluation. The tissues were fixed for 24 hours, followed by routine histological processing. The results demonstrated that 10% formalin prepared with seawater provided high fixation quality comparable to that of distilled water-based formalin. Although fixation was achieved in tissues treated with 70% ethanol, its performance was inferior to that of formaldehyde-based fixation. When ethanol is used as an alternative to formalin, concentrations higher than 70% may provide improved fixation quality.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

No

Ethical Statement

Since the study material is dead tissues obtained from slaughterhouses, there is no need for ethical permission.

References

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  8. Freida, L. C. (1997). Histotechnology. Hong Kong, ASCP Press.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

June 20, 2026

Submission Date

June 16, 2025

Acceptance Date

May 14, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Number: 2

APA
Ünsaldı, E. (2026). Effect of seawater on fixation in bovine liver and heart tissues. Journal of Advances in VetBio Science and Techniques, 2, 121-128. https://doi.org/10.31797/vetbio.1720867
AMA
1.Ünsaldı E. Effect of seawater on fixation in bovine liver and heart tissues. J Ad VetBio Sci Tech. 2026;(2):121-128. doi:10.31797/vetbio.1720867
Chicago
Ünsaldı, Esin. 2026. “Effect of Seawater on Fixation in Bovine Liver and Heart Tissues”. Journal of Advances in VetBio Science and Techniques, nos. 2: 121-28. https://doi.org/10.31797/vetbio.1720867.
EndNote
Ünsaldı E (June 1, 2026) Effect of seawater on fixation in bovine liver and heart tissues. Journal of Advances in VetBio Science and Techniques 2 121–128.
IEEE
[1]E. Ünsaldı, “Effect of seawater on fixation in bovine liver and heart tissues”, J Ad VetBio Sci Tech, no. 2, pp. 121–128, June 2026, doi: 10.31797/vetbio.1720867.
ISNAD
Ünsaldı, Esin. “Effect of Seawater on Fixation in Bovine Liver and Heart Tissues”. Journal of Advances in VetBio Science and Techniques. 2 (June 1, 2026): 121-128. https://doi.org/10.31797/vetbio.1720867.
JAMA
1.Ünsaldı E. Effect of seawater on fixation in bovine liver and heart tissues. J Ad VetBio Sci Tech. 2026;:121–128.
MLA
Ünsaldı, Esin. “Effect of Seawater on Fixation in Bovine Liver and Heart Tissues”. Journal of Advances in VetBio Science and Techniques, no. 2, June 2026, pp. 121-8, doi:10.31797/vetbio.1720867.
Vancouver
1.Esin Ünsaldı. Effect of seawater on fixation in bovine liver and heart tissues. J Ad VetBio Sci Tech. 2026 Jun. 1;(2):121-8. doi:10.31797/vetbio.1720867

 

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