Isolation of some gram-negative bacterial species from naturally infected silver European eel fish (Anguilla anguilla linnaeus, 1758)

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 9 - 15, 30.04.2019

Jale Korun , Yağmur Saadet Çelik , Mehmet Gökoğlu , Mesut Yılmaz

https://doi.org/10.31797/vetbio.544847

Cited By: 1

Öz

The
aim of this study is to inform isolations of Shewanella putrefaciens, Aeromonas
sobria and A. veronii from the silver European eel
fish (Anguilla anguilla) caught from the Gulf of Antalya, Turkey. Three silver eel
fish samples as freshly dead (mean weight 75 g) were obtained by a local
fisherman. For bacteriological study, inoculations from the head kidney, spleen
and liver were made and inoculated onto Brain Hearth Infusion Agar (BHIA-S)
supplemented with 1.5 % NaCl. The inoculated petri dishes were incubated at 24
± 2°C for 72 hours. The end of the incubation period, bacterial colonies were
subcultured. For presumptive identification of the bacterial strains, the
strains were identified using a variety of phenotypic characteristics. The
further identification of the strains was performed with PCR. Clinically, the
silver eel samples showed pale gills, losses of scale, necrotic lesions on
dorsal, hemorrhagies on the jaws, lateral and ventral sides of the body and
around the anus and hemoragic anal fin. At necropsy, the fish had enlarged and
pale spleen and the gastrointestinal tract was empty. After 72 hours, 10 bacterial
strains were isolated. 6 strains as Shewanella
putrefaciens, 2 strains as Aeromonas
sobria and 2 strains as A. veronii were identified according to the
phenotypical characteristics and PCR study results. The eel fish stocks in
natural conditions are decreasing and this problem may be multifactorial such
as disease, migration and overhunting. As a result of this study, A. veronii
was first isolated from A. anguilla.

Anahtar Kelimeler

A. anguilla, Shewanella putrefaciens, Aeromonas sobria, A. veronii

Kaynakça

• Altun, S., Büyükekiz, A. G., Duman, M., Özyiğit, M. Ö., Karataş, S., Turgay, E. (2014). Isolation of Shewanella putrefaciens from goldfish (Carassius carassius auratus). Bamidgeh IJA, 66, 956-963.
• Austin, B. (2011). Taxanomy of bacterial fish pathogens. Vet J, 42, 20-33.
• Bascomb, S., Manafi, M. (1998). Use of enzyme tests in characterization and identification of aerobic and facultatively anaerobic Gram-positive cocci. Clin Microbiol Rev, 11(2), 318-340.
• Caruso, C., Peletto, S., Gustinello, A., Arsieni, P., Mordenti, O., Modesto, P., Acutis, P. L., Mascero, L., Fioravanti, M. L., Prearo, M. (2014). Detection of a phylogenetically devergent eel virus European X (EVEX) isolate in European eels (Anguilla anguilla) farmed in experimental tanks in Italy. Aquaculture, 434, 115-120.
• Chang, C., Liu, W. (2002). An evaluation of two probiotic bacterial strain, Enterococcus faecium SF68 and Bacillus toyoi, for reducing edwardsiellosis in cultured European eel, Anguilla anguilla. J Fish Dis, 25, 311-315.
• Chu, W. H., Lu, C. P. (2005). Multiplex PCR assay for the detection of pathogenic Aeromonas hydrophila. J Fish Dis, 28, 437-441.
• Dekker, W. (2003). Status of the European eel stock and fisheries. In. Aida K, Tsukamoto K, Yamaudi K (ed’s), Eel Biology, Springer-Verlag, Tokyo, 237-254.
• Dezfuli, B. S., Giari, L., Castaldelli, G., Lanzoni, M., Rossi, R., Lorenzoni, M., Kennedy, C. R. (2014). Temporal and spatial changes in the composition and structure of helminth component communities in European eels Anguilla anguilla in an Adriatic coastal lagoon and some freshwaters in Italy. Parasitol Res, 113, 113-120.
• Esteve, C., Biosca, E. G., Amaro, C. (1993). Virulence of Aeromonas hydrophila and some other bacteria isolated from European eels Anguilla anguilla reared in fersh water. Dis Aquat Organ, 16, 15-20.
• Fouz, B., Larsen, J. L., Amaro, C. (2006). Vibrio vulnificus serovar A: an emerging pathogen in European anguilli culture. J Fish Dis, 29, 285-291.
• Genç, E., Şahan, A., Altun, T., Cengizler, I., Nevşat, E. (2005). Occurence of the swimbladder parasite Anguillicola crassus (Nematoda, Dracunculoidea) in European eels (Anguilla anguilla) in Ceyhan River, Turkey. Turk J Vet Anim Sci, 29, 661-663.
• Haenen, O. L. M., Evans, J. J., Berthe, F. (2018). Bacterial infections from aquatic species: potential for and prevention of contact zoonoses. OIE, 32(2), 497-507.
• Hall, T. A. (1999). BioEdit: a user friendly biological alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT.
• ICES (International Council for the Exploration of the Sea) (2017). ICES advice on fishing opportunities, catch and effort ecoregions in the Northeast Atlantic eel, 2737, nea, ICES pub. 3440.
• Johnson, P. T. J., Paull, S. H. (2011). The ecology and emergence of diseases in freswaters. Freshwater Biol, 56, 347-352.
• Kim, B. S., Gavin, H. E., Satchell, K. J. F. (2017). Variable virulence of biotype 3 Vibrio vulnificus due to MARTx toxin effector domain composition. mSphere, 2(4), e00272-17.
• Korun, J., Akgün-Dar, K., Yazıcı, M. (2009). Isolation of Shewanella putrefaciens from cultured European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) in Turkey. Revue Méd Vét, 160(11), 532-536.
• Koyuncu, C. E., Kaya, D., Özer, S., Barış, M., Genç, E. (2017). Infection status of Anguillicoloides crassus in wild European eels (Anguilla anguilla) from four rivers of the northeast Mediterranean region. Acta Biologica Turcica, 30(4), 152-156.
• Koziñska, A., Pekala, A. (2004). First isolation of Shewanella putrefaciens from freshwater fish-a potential new pathogen of fish. Bull Eur Fish Pathol, 24(4), 189-193.
• Kumar, V., Roy, S., Barman, D., Kumar, A. (2014). Immunoserological and molecular techniques used in fish disease diagnosis: a mini review. Int J Fish Aquat, 1(3), 111-117.
• Liu, P. Y., Lin, C. F., Tung, K. C., Shyu, C. L., Wu, M. J., Liu, J. W., Chang, C. S., Chan, K. W., Huang, J. A., Shi, Z. Y. (2013). Clinical and microbiological features Shewanella bacterimia in patients with hepatobiliary disease. IM, 52, 431-438.
• Liu, P. Y., Shi, Z. Y., Shyu, C. L., Wu, Z. K., Lai, K. L., Chang, C. Y., Chen, Y. J., Huang, J. A., Mao, Y. C., Tung, K. C. (2014). Cobra bite wound infection caused by Shewanella algae. Int J Infect Dis, e11-e12.
• Mariarty, C., Dekker, W. (1997). Management of European eel fisheries. Fish Bull, 15, 77-90.
• Martin Carnahan, A., Joseph, S. W. (2005). Genus Aeromonas Stainer 1943. In. Brenner, D. J., Krieg, N. R., Staley, J. T. (ed’s). Bergey’s Manual of Systemic Bacteriology, Springer, USA, 557-580.
• Paździor, E. (2016). Shewanella putrefaciens –a new oppurtunistic pathogen of freshwater fish. J Vet Res, 60, 429-434.
• Pekala, A., Koziñska, A., Pázdzio, E., Glowacka, H. (2015). Phenotypical and genotypical characterization of Shewanella putrefaciens strains isolated from diseased freshwater fish. J Fish Dis, 38, 283-293.
• Praveen, P. K., Debnath, C., Shekhar, S., Dalai, N., Ganguly, S. (2016). Incidence of Aeromonas spp. infection in fish and chicken meat and its related public health hazards: a review. Vet World, 9(1), 6-11.
• Roland, K., Kestemont, P., Loos, R., Tavazzi, S., Paracchi, B., Belpaire, C., Diev, M., Raes, M., Silvestre, F. (2014). Looking for protein expression signatures in European eel peripheral blood mononuclear cells after in vivo exposure to perflueoroctane sulfonate and a real world field study. Sci Total Environ, 958-967.
• Saeed, M. O., Alamoudi, M. M., Al-Harbi, A. H. (1987). Pesudomonad associated with disease in cultured rabbit fish Siganus rivulatus in the Red Sea. Dis Aquat Org, 3, 177-180.
• Seeley, W., Vandemark, P. J., Lee, J. J. (1991). Microbes in Action: A Labaratory Manual of Microbiology. New York: E. H. Freeman and Company.
• Shewan, J. M., McMeekin, T. A. (1983). Taxonomy and ecology of the Flavobacterium and related genera. Annu Rev Microbiol, 37, 233-252.
• Simon, J. (2015). Age and growth of European eels (Anguilla anguilla) in the Elbe River System in Germany. Fish Res, 37, 233-252.
• Stratev, D., Odeyemi, O. A. (2017). An overview of motile Aeromonas septicaemia management. Aquaculture Int, 25, 1095-1105.
• Timur, M. (1983). An outbreak of disease of farmed eel (Anguilla anguilla) due to Aeromonas hydrophila in Turkey. Histopathological and bacteriological studies. FVMAU, 30(3), 361-367.
• Vignier, N., Barreaou, M., Olive, C., Baubion, E., Théodose, R., Hochedez, P., Cabié, A. (2013). Human infection with Shewanella putrefaciens and S. algae: report of 16 cases in Martinuque and review of the literature. Am J Trop Med Hyg, 89(1), 151-156.