Morphological Characteristics and Chlorophyll Content of Dominant Weed Leaves After Peatland Fires in Oil Palm Plantation Areas

Yıl 2023, , 389 - 396, 30.09.2023

Vauzia Vauzia , Bella Triana Dhea Pratiwi Yeza Rizka Putri Alti

https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.1217359

Öz

The weeds are high adaptability plants after peatland fires. The response of the dominant weeds growing after the fire is an important factor in weed control efforts to increase the yield of oil palm plantations on post-fire peatlands. The present study was conducted at the Kurao oil palm plantation, Lubuk Basung, West Sumatra, Indonesia. The weeds were collected by using the Quadrat method with random placement of 20 plots in post-fire and unburnt locations. The leaf morphological characteristics were determined by the descriptive method. While the chlorophyll content of leaves was measured by using calorimetry in the spectrophotometer. A total of 25 species and 17 families of weeds were collected in the present study. The Peperomia pellucida is the most dominant species collected with an important value index of 36.41% and follows by Ageratum conyzoides with an important value index of 28.99%. In the present study, we confirmed the differences in all aspects of the morphological characteristics of Peperomia pellucida leaves between post-fire and unburnt locations. Meanwhile, in Ageratum conyzoides leaves only show differences in several aspects. Furthermore, there were differences in the chlorophyll content of Peperomia pellucida, while Ageratum conyzoides did not show any differences in chlorophyll content.

Anahtar Kelimeler

weeds, leaf morphology, chlorophyll

Kaynakça

• Ariningsih, R. I. (2009). Isolasi Streptomyces dari Rizosfer Familia Poaceae yang Berpotensi Menghasilkan Anti Jamur terhadap Candida albicans. Bachelor Thesis, Universitas Muhammadiyah, Surakarta. 17 pp.
• Barus, E. (2003). Pengendalian Gulma di Perkebunan. Kanisius, Yogyakarta. 103 pp.
• Chatri, M. (2013). Sel dan Jaringan pada Tumbuhan. UNP Press, Padang. 224 pp.
• Des, M., Vauzia, & Gusti, Y. S. (2021). Stomata Characteristics of Ketapang Leaves (Terminalia catappa L.) Based on Environmental Differences. Proceeding of the Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1940 (1): 012051.
• Francis, B., & Gilman, R. T. (2019). Light intensity affect leaf morphology in a wild population of Adenostyles alliariae (Asteraceae). Italian Botanist, 8, 35-45. https://doi.org/10.3897/italianbotanist.8.39393.supp11
• Hartatik, W., Subiksa, I., & Dariah, A. (2011). Sifat Kimia dan Fisik Tanah Gambut. Pada: Pengelolaan Lahan Gambut Berkelanjutan. Balai Penelitian Tanah, Bogor, 45-56.
• Huang, J., Boerner, R. E. J., & Rebbeck, J. (2007). Ecophysiological Responses of Two Herbaceous Species to Prescribed Burning, Alone or in Combination with Overstory Thinning. American Journal of Botany, 94(5), pp. 755-763. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.94.5.755.
• Irma, W., Gunawan. T., & Suratman. (2018). Pengaruh Konversi Lahan Gambut terhadap Ketahanan Lingkungan di DAS Kampar Provinsi Riau Sumatera. Jurnal Ketahanan Nasional, 24(2), pp. 170-191. https://doi.org/10.22146/jkn.36679
• Jabran, K., Mahajan, G., Sardana, V., & Chauhan, B. S. (2015). Allelopathy for weed control in agricultural systems. Crop protection, 72, 57-65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2015.03.004
• Lin, H., Chen, Y., Zhang, H., Fu, P., & Fan, Z. (2017). Stronger cooling effects of transpiration and leaf physical traits of plants from a hot dry habitat than from a hot wet habitat. Functional Ecology, 31, 2202-2211. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.12923
• MacLaren, C., Storkey, J., Menegat, A., Metcalfe, H., & Schmutz, K. D. (2020). An Ecological Future for Weed Science to Sustain Crop Production and the Environment, A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 40(24), 1-29. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-020-00631-6.
• Maftu’ah, E., & Indrayati, L. (2013). The use of Biochar to Improve Soil Properties and Growth of Paddy in Peatland. Agrivita Journal of Agricultural Science, 35(3), 290-295. http://dx.doi.org/10.17503/Agrivita-2013-35-3-p290-295.
• Maftu’ah, E., & Nursyamsi, D. (2019). Effect of Biochar on Peat Soil Fertility and NPK Uptake by Corn. Agrivita Journal of Agricultural Science, 41(1), 64-73. https://doi.org/10.17503/agrivita.v4lil.854
• Masganti, Wahyunto., Dariah, A., Nurhayati, & Yusuf, R. (2014). Karakteristik dan Potensi Pemanfaatan Lahan Gambut Terdegradasi di Provinsi Riau. Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan, 8(1), 59-66. http://repository.pertanian.go.id/handle/123456789/2339
• Moenandir, J. (2010). Ilmu Gulma. Universitas Brawijaya Press, Malang. 170 pp.
• Mokoginta, A., Simbala, H. I., & Sugandi, A. (2021). Inventory of Weed Types and Population in the New Paddy Field Printing Area in East Purworejo Village, Modayag District, East Bolaang Mongondow Regency. Agritop: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Pertanian, 19(2), 174-179. https://doi.org/10.32528/agritrop.v19i2.6403
• Müjdeci, M., Alaboz, P., & Demircioğlu, A. C. (2020). The Effects of Farmyard Manure and Green Manure Applications on Some Soil Physical Properties. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Journal of Agricultural Science, 9(17), 9-17. https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.628921
• Nelson, K., Thompson, D., Hopkinson, C., Petrone, R., & Chasmer, L. (2021). Peatland fire interactions: A review of wildland fire feedbacks and interactions in Canadian boreal peatlands. Science of the Total Environment, 769, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotentv.2021.145212
• Pandey, S. N., & Sinha, B. X. (2009). Plant Physiology. Vikas Publishing House Pvt Ltd, New Delhi. 680 pp.
• Prasetyo, H., & Zaman, S. (2016). Pengendalian Gulma Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) di Perkebunan Kelapa Padang Halaban, Sumatera Utara. Bulletin Agrohorti, 4(1), 87-93. https://doi.org/10.29244/agrob.v4il.15005
• Putri, M. A., Firdaus, L. N., & Wulandari, S. (2017). Kandungan Klorofil Tumbuhan Dominan Pasca Kebakaran Lahan Gambut dan Pemanfaatannya untuk Rancangan LKPD Biologi SMA. Jurnal Online Mahasiswa Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Riau, 4(2), 1-12.
• Ramadhan, M., Hanafiah, A. S., & Guchi, H. (2018). Respon Pertumbuhan Bibit Kelapa Sawit terhadap Pemberian Dolomite, Pupuk dan Bakteri Pereduksi Sukfat pada Tanah Sulfat Masam di Rumah Kaca. Jurnal Agroekoteknologi FP USU, 6(3), 432-441.
• Reflinur., Handyani, T., Hidayat, I. M., Sulastrini, I., Salamiah., Pramudyani, L., & Waluyo, N. (2019). Phenotypic Evaluation and Genetic Profiling of Shallot Genotypes Adapted to Peatland of South Kalimantan Using Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) Markers. Agrivita Journal of Agricultural Science, 41(1), 74-87. http://doi.org/10.17503/agrivita.v41i1.1466
• Salisbury, F. B., & Ross, C. W. (1995). Plant Physiology. Penerbit ITB, Bandung, 339 pp.
• Schulze, E. D., Beck, E., Buchmann, N., Clemens, S., Hohenstein, K. M., & Lorenzen, M. S. (2005). Plant Ecology. Springer Science & Business Media, Germany, 702 pp.
• Siyar, S., Majeed, A., Muhammad, Z., Ali, H., & Inayat, N. (2019). Allelopathic Effect of Aqueous Extracts of Three Weed Species on the Growth and Leaf Chlorophyll Content of Bread Wheat. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 39(1), 63-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chnaes.2018.05.007
• Sonmez, F., & Alp, S. (2019). The Effects of Applications Humic Acids on Macronutrient, Micronutrient, Heavy Metal and Soil Properties. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Journal of Agricultural Science, 29(4), 809-816. https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.512619
• Sugiura, D., Kojima, M., & Sakakibara, H. (2016). Phytohormonal Regulation of Bimass Allocation and Morphological and Physiological Traits of Leaves in Response to Environemtal Changes in Polygonum cuspidatum. Frontiers in Plant Science, 7, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2016.01189
• Suleymanov, R., Zaykin, S., Suleymanov, A., Abakumov, E., & Kostecki, J. (2020). Changes in Basic Soil Physical Properties of Agrochernozyems Under No-till Conditions. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Journal of Agricultural Science, 30, 963-972. https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.754479
• Vauzia, Fevria, R., & Wijaya, Y. T. (2019). Chlorophyll Content of Jabon Leaves (Anthocephalus cadamba [Roxb] Miq.) in the Sungai Nyalo, Pesisir Selatan and Lubuk Alung, Padang Pariaman. Bioscience, 3(2), 155-160.
• Vauzia, Syamsuardi, Chairul M., & Auzar S. (2016). Stomata Characteristics and Chlorophyll Content in Two Plant Species Regenerating with Sprout and Seeds After Burning at Peat Swamp Forest in Batang Alin-Indonesia. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 8(1), 356-361.
• Wahyunto, & Dariah, A. (2014). Degradasi Lahan di Indonesia: Kondisi Existing, Karakteristik, dan Penyeragaman Definisi Mendukung Gerakan Menuju Satu Peta. Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan, 8(2), 81-93.
• Wang, C., Liu, J., Xiao, H., & Du, D. (2016). Response of Leaf Functional Traits of Cerasus yedoensis (Mats.) Yu Li to Serious Insect Attack. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 25(1), 333-339. http://doi.org/10.15244/pjoes/60328.
• Wintermans, J. F. G. M. & DE Mots, A. 1965. Spectrophotometriccharacteristics of chlorophyll and their pheophytins in ethanol. Biochem. Biophys. Acta, 109, 448-453. https://doi.org/10.1016/0926-6585(65)90170-6
• Yuwati, T. W., Rachmanadi, D., Pratiwi., Turjaman, M., Indrajaya, Y., Nugroho, H. Y. S. H., Qirom, M. A., Narendra, B. H., Winarno, B., Lestari, S., Santosa, P. B., Adi, R. N., Savitri, E., Putra, P. B., Wahyuningtyas, R. S., Prayudyaningsih, R., Halwany, W., Nasrul B., Bastoni, & Mendham, D. (2021). Restoration of Degraded Tropical Peatland in Indonesia: A Review. Land, 10(11), 1-31. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/land10111170