Physiological and Anatomical Changes Induced in Wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. Hendrix) by Lead Stress

Adnan Akçin; Zakire Tülay Aytaş Akçin

doi:10.29133/yyutbd.1639190

Physiological and Anatomical Changes Induced in Wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. Hendrix) by Lead Stress

Abstract

LED (Pb), a by-product of industrial activity and urban wastewater, poses a significant threat to crops, ecosystems and human health. This study examined the effects of Pb stress on the physiology and anatomy of Triticum aestivum cv. Hendrix, a wheat cultivar. Wheat plants were exposed to Pb concentrations of 0, 5, 10, and 15 mM for three weeks. Exposure to lead stress significantly decreases the levels of various photosynthetic pigments, including total chlorophyll, total carotenoids, chlorophyll a, and chlorophyll b. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) content, a marker of lipid peroxidation, increased significantly with increasing Pb concentrations. Anatomical changes in Pb-stressed plants included decreased root cortex and endodermis thickness, increased intercellular spaces in cortical tissues, increased collenchyma thickness in stems, decreased vascular element number and trachea diameter in stems, and reduced bulliform cell size and sclerenchyma, xylem, and phloem thickness in leaves. These changes suggest that Pb stress may disrupt vascular development in root, interfere with water and nutrient transport in the stems, and reduce photosynthetic capacity in the leaves. The accumulation of Pb in the vascular bundles suggests that these tissues may be particularly sensitive to Pb stress. Overall, the results show that Pb stress causes a variety of anatomical changes in T. aestivum cv. Hendrix, which may represent adaptive responses to Pb stress.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Ecology (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Adnan Akçin ^*
0000-0001-7767-6613
Türkiye

Zakire Tülay Aytaş Akçin
0000-0002-1716-3936
Türkiye

Early Pub Date

September 30, 2025

Publication Date

September 30, 2025

Submission Date

February 13, 2025

Acceptance Date

June 13, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 1970 Volume: 35 Number: 3

DOI

https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.1639190

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA85RJ86PM

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Akçin, A., & Aytaş Akçin, Z. T. (2025). Physiological and Anatomical Changes Induced in Wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. Hendrix) by Lead Stress. Yuzuncu Yıl University Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 35(3), 498-516. https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.1639190