İn Vitro Kültür Tekniği Kullanılarak Arbusküler Mikorhizal Fungus (AMF) Glomus intraradices’in Yaşam Döngüsü’nün İncelenmesi

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, İran’ın Damghan bölgesinde bulunan buğday bitkisinin rizosfer bölgesinden izole edilen ve havuç (Daucus carota L.) bitkisinin saçak köklerine inokule edilen arbusküler mikorhizal fungus Glomus intraradices’in laboratuvar koşullarında yaşam döngüsünün incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada AMF inokulumu olarak mikorhizal spor ve kökler kullanılmıştır. İnokulasyon ile birlikte yüzey sterilizasyonun yapılmasından 3-5 gün sonra, havuç bitkisinin saçak köklerinde spor çimlenmesi gözlenmiştir. İnokulasyondan 2-10 gün sonra ise fungal gelişimin olduğu kaydedilmiştir. Fungal çimlenmede, hifler dallanarak, 2.5 mm çapında kök şeklinde ağ oluşturmuşlardır. Fungus miselyumu ve bitki kökleri arasındaki ilk temas, fungus sporunun çimlenmesinden 1-3 gün sonra meydana gelmiştir. Fungus-konukçu temasından 7 gün sonra ise büyüklükleri dışında (20-30 µm çapında) diğer özellikleri gerçek sporlara benzeyen spor ve vesikel benzeri yapılar gözlenmiştir. İlk gerçek spor oluşumu, fungus-konukçu temasından 25 gün sonra gerçekleşmiş, daha sonra sayıları katlanarak artmıştır. Bu sporların rengi başlangıçta şeffaf ve beyazımsı iken daha sonra sarımsı kahverengine dönmüştür. İnokulasyondan 12 hafta sonra da her bir petrideki spor sayısı 1000-2500 olarak kaydedilmiştir.

Using In Vitro Culturing Technique for Studying Life Cycle of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus (AMF) Glomus intraradices

Abstract

In this study, life cycle of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, Glomus intraradices isolated from wheat rhizospheres of Damghan region in the Iran was observed using carrot (Daucus carota L.) transformed hairy roots in vitro. Mycorrhizal spores and roots were used as inoculum. Spore germination was observed 3-5 days after surface sterilization as well as co inoculation with transformed roots. Fungal growth was also recorded 2-10 days after inoculation. Fungal germinating hyphae branched and produced radical shape network 2.5 mm in diameter. The first contact between fungus mycelium and roots occurred 1-3 days after germination. 7 days after fungus-host contact, several secondary spores or vesicle like structures observed were similar to true spores except of their size (20-30 µm diameter). The first true spore formed 25 days after contact and then number of spores increased exponentially. These spores were hyaline and whitish at first but then turned to brownish yellow. After 12 weeks, 1000-2500 spores could be recorded in each plate.

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