Response to Integrated Poultry-Vegetable Farming Practıce Advocacy in Delta State, Nigeria

Abstract

In response to climate change, poultry – vegetable integrated practice was introduced for the management of poultry wastes and to reduce pollution. The cost of chemical fertilizers and the health implications of consuming vegetables produced using chemical fertilizers has been a source of concern to health and nutrition stakeholders. In order to mitigate this problem, the use of organic fertilizers was advocated. This study was conducted to determine the response level poultry – vegetable integration farming practice among farmers in Delta State, Nigeria. The data for the study was elicited from 192 randomly selected registered poultry farmers, with the use of questionnaire and structured interview schedule. The data were analyzed with the application of descriptive statistics such as frequency counts, percentages and means derived from 4 – point Likert – type scale and 5 – point Likert scale. The hypothesis that the socioeconomic attributes of farmers do not contribute to their practice of poultry-vegetable integrated farming was tested with the application of regression model. The farmers had a mean age of 45.1 years and poultry farm size average of 5571 birds with mean household size of 6 persons and means farming experience of 23.5 years. Most of them subscribed to membership of farmers’ groups had 2 times contact with extension agents monthly. Their responses to poultry – vegetable integrated farming was encouraging as they had adoption index of 0.51. The problems they had ranged from high cost of inputs, pests and diseases infestation low market price to inadequate information. It is recommended that Delta Agricultural Procurement Agency be revived; extension agents should introduce integrated pest management and organic method of pests and diseases control: Marketing extension was also recommended.

Keywords

• Adoption,Food security,Integrated farming,Integration,Poultry and vegetable,Waste management

Nijerya, Delta Eyaletinde Entegre Kümes Hayvanı Yetiştiriciliği-Sebze Tarımı Uygulaması Savunuculuğuna Yanıt

Öz

İklim değişikliğine cevaben, kümes hayvanı atıklarının yönetimi ve kirliliğin azaltılması için kümes hayvancılığı-sebze tarımı entegre uygulaması başlatılmıştır. Kimyasal gübrelerin maliyeti ve kimyasal gübre kullanılarak üretilen sebzeleri tüketmenin sağlık üzerindeki etkileri, sağlık ve beslenme paydaşları için endişe kaynağı oluşturmuştur. Bu sorunu hafifletmek için organik gübrelerin kullanımı savunulmaktadır. Bu çalışma, Nijerya'nın Delta Eyaleti'ndeki çiftçiler arasındaki kümes hayvancılığı-sebze tarımı entegrasyonu uygulamalarının yanıt düzeyini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın verileri, rastgele seçilen 192 kayıtlı kümes hayvanı yetiştiricisinden elde edilen anket verileri ve yapılandırılmış görüşme programı kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. Verilerin, dörtlü ve beşli olarak hazırlanan Likert ölçekli sorunların ortalamaları ve yüzdesel dağılımları ile basit tanımlayıcı istatistikler şeklinde analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmada, çiftçilerin sosyoekonomik özelliklerinin kümes hayvancılığı-sebze tarımı entegre uygulamalarına katkıda bulunmadığı hipotezi regresyon modeli ile test edilmiştir. Çalışmada çiftçilerin yaş ortalaması 45.1 yıl; ortalama kümes hayvanı sayısı 5571; ortalama hane halkı büyüklüğü 6,0 kişi ve ortalama çiftçilik deneyimi 23.5 yıl olarak belirlenmiştir. Çiftçi örgütlerine üye olan üreticilerin büyük çoğunluğu ayda iki kez yayım servisleri ile iletişim halindedir. Kümes hayvancılığı - sebze entegre uygulamasına verdikleri cevaplar 0.51 benimsenme endeksine sahip oldukları için cesaret verici bulunmuştur. Sahip olunan problemler yüksek girdi maliyetlerinden, ilaç, hastalık, düşük piyasa fiyatları ve yetersiz bilgiye kadar geniş bir aralıkta değişim göstermektedir. Delta Tarımsal Satın Alma Ajansı'nın yeniden canlandırılması için yayım servislerinin zararlı yönetimi, zararlılarla ve hastalıklarla mücadelede organik yöntemlerin uygulanması ile pazarlama ile ilgili konularda bilgi verilmesi önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Entegre tarım,Atık yönetimi,Kanatlı ve sebze entegrasyonu,Evlat edinme,Gıda güvenliği

References

1. Adebayo, S. A. and Adekunle, O. A. (2016). Socio-economic status of women in group membership in selected areas of Kwara State, Nigeria. Agrosearch 16 (1): 57- 64. Adebolu, V.O & Ikotun, S.J. (2001). Role of Research in Sustainable Fisheries development towards poverty alleviation in Nigeria. Proceeding of National Workshop for Agricultural and Rural Development in Nigeria. Jos, Nigeria, Pp 21-33.
2. Aderinoye-Abdulwahab, S. A., & Salami, S. T. (2017). Assessment of organic fertilizer usage by vegetable farmers in asa local government area of Kwara State, Nigeria. Agrosearch, 17(1), 101– 114
3. Agbamu, J.U. (2011). Challenges and prospects of agricultural extension in Nigeria. In Madukwe, M.C. (ed). Agricultural Extension in Nigeria, 216 – 229. Ilorin, Nigeria: Agricultural Extension Society of Nigeria.
4. Agbamu, J.U. (2011). Challenges and prospects of agricultural extension in Nigeria. In Madukwe, M.C (ed). Agricultural Extension in Nigeria, 216-229. Ilorin, Nigeria: Agricultural Extension Society of Nigeria.
5. Almås, R., Bjorkhaug, H. and Rivera-Ferre, M.G. (2011). Agriculture and climate change: introduction. International Journal of Sociology of Agriculture and Food, 18(3), 162–166.
6. Antti, P., Kortetmäki, T., Paloviita, A. & järvelä, M. (2015). Social acceptance of climate change adaptation in farms and food enterprises: A case study in Finland. International Journal of Sociology of Agriculture and Food, 22( 2), 105–123.
7. Asiabaka, C.C. (1996). Factors influencing the adoption of cassava plant protection among farmers in Nigeria. Benin: IITA and ESCAPP.
8. Byerlee, D., de Janvry, A. & Sadoulet E. (2009) Agriculture for Development: Toward a New Paradigm. Annual Review of Resource Economics, 1,15-31.

9. Council for Agricultural Science and Technology. 1999. Animal Agriculture and Global Food Supply. In Task Force Report, No. 135. Ames, lowa: CAST.
10. Delgado, C., M. Rosegrant, H. Steinfeld, S. Ehui and C. Courbois. (1999). Livestock to 2020: The Nest Food Revolution. Food, Agriculture and the Environment Discussion Paper 28, Washington, D.C.: International Food Policy Research Institute.
11. Deressa, T. T., Hassan, R. M., Ringler, C., Alemu, T. & Yusuf, M. (2009). Determinants of farmers’ choice of adaptation to climate change in Nile Basin of Ethiopia. Global Environmental Change. doi:10./016/j.gbenvcha.2009.01.002.
12. DTADP (2008). A handbook on Poultry famring. Asaba, Nigeria: Delta State Agricultural Development Programme.
13. FAO (2001). Bulletin of Statistics Rome, Italy: Food and Agriculture Organization.
14. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 2000. Small Ponds Make a Big Difference: Integrating Fish with Crop and Livestock Farming. Rome: FAO.
15. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 2001. Mixed crop-Livestock Farming: A Review of Traditional Technologies based on literature and Field Experience. Animal Production and Health Paper 152. Rome: FAO.
16. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 2003. Integrated Livestock fish farming systems. Rome: FAO.
17. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 2007. Tropical Crop-Livestock Systems in Conservation Agriculture. The Brazilian Experience. Rome: FAO.
18. Foster, A. & Rosenzweig, M. (2010). Microeconomics of Technology Adoption. Annual Review of Economics. 2: 395-424.
19. Hamidu, B.M., Murtala, N., Lliyasu, A.Y. & Adamu, I.P. (2006). Assessment of adoption of afforestation innovations extension in DambataL.G.A of Kano State. Journal of Agricultural Extension, 4, 51-55.Ibeawuchi, I.I., Okoli, N.A., Alagba, R. A., Ofor, M. O., Emma-Okafor, L. C., Peter-Onoh, C.A. & Obiefuna, J.C., (2015). Fruit and Vegetable Crop Production in Nigeria: The Gains, Challenges and the Way Forward. Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare, 5 (2), 21-28.Karaturhan, B., Uzmay, A. & Koc, G. (2018). Factors affecting the probability of rural women’s adopting organic farming on family farms in Turkey. Ege Universitesi Ziraat Fakultesi Dergisi, 55(20, 153-160.
20. Madukwe, M.C. (1995). Obstacles to the adoption of yam miniselt technology by small scale farmers of South Eastern Nigeria AGROSEARCH, 1(1), 1-5.
21. Ministry of Land and Survey (1991). Delta state gazette. Asaba: Delta State Government.
22. Obi, F. O. Ugwuishiwu, B. O. & Nwakaire, J. N. (2016). Agricultural waste concept, generation, utilization and management. Nigerian Journal of Technology, (35) 4, 957 – 964.
23. Ofuoku, A.U. (2011). Effect of Social Stratification on extension – farmer contact among poultry farmers in Delta State, Nigeria. Tropical Agricultural Research and Extension, 17 (384), 143-152.
24. Ofuoku, A.U. (2013). Communication process and effectiveness of Agricultural Technology Messages in poultry production in Delta State, Nigeria. Ph.D thesis Postgraduate School, Rivers State, University of Science and Technology, Post Harcourt, Nigeria.
25. Ofuoku, A.U. (2013b). Willingness of farmers to participate in farmers’ groups. Journal of Extension Systems, 29(1), 51-63.
26. Ofuoku, A.U. and Albert, C.O. (2014). Conservation of traditional agricultural knowledge in Delta State, Nigeria. Social Change, 44(3), 401-412.
27. Ofuoku, A.U. and Urang, E. (2012). Effect of cohesion on loan repayment in farmers’ cooperative societies in Delta State, Nigeria. Agricultural-Science and Practice Journal, 3-4 (83-84), 131-139.
28. Ofuoku, A.U., Egbuchua, C and Okonmah, L.U. (2011). A Tobit analysis of propensity to adopt soil conservation practices among arable crop farmers in Delta State, Nigeria. Agriculture – Science and Practice Journal, 1-2 (77-78), 10-18.
29. Ofuoku, A.U., Olele, N.F and Emah, G.N (2008). Determinants of adoption of improved fish production technologies among fish farmers in Delta State, Nigeria. The Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension, 14(4), 297-306.
30. Ogionwo, W. and Eke, P. (1999). An introduction to social psychology. Owerri, Nigeria: Springfield Publishers.
31. Paarlberg, R. (2013). Food politics: What everyone needs to know? Oxford: Oxford University Press.
32. Parveen, K. & Nazhat, k. (2015). NGOs: A link between the rural women entrepreneurs and city dwellers. The Research Journal of Management Sciences, 4(3), 6-8.
33. Rehman, k., Ying, Z., Andleeb, S., Jiang, Z. & Olajide, E. K. (2016). Short term influence of organic and inorganic fertilizers on soil microbial biomass and DNA in summer and spring. Journal of Northeast Agricultural University, 23(1), 20-27.
34. Stuart, T. (2009). Waste: Uncovering the global food scandal. New York: W.W. Norton & Company.
35. Thiele, L.P. (2013) Sustainability. Cambridge: Polity Press.
36. Yonter, G. & Uysal, H. (2018). Effects of humid substance on some erosion parameters of a sandy clay loam soil and pH and EC of drainage water. Ege Universitesi Ziraat Fakultesi Dergisi, 55(3), 299-304.
37. Yonter, G. & Uysal, H. (2016). Tutin atiginin (serme ve karistirma) tin bunyeli bir topragin bazi erozyon parametreleri ve kimyasal ozellikleri uzerine etkilkeri. Ege Universitesi Ziraat Fakultesi Dergisi, 53(1), 19-24.