İleri Generasyon Mercimek Mutant Genotiplerinin İmazamoks Herbisitine Toleranslarının Belirlenmesi

Öz

Yabancı otlara karşı rekabet gücü zayıf olan mercimek, Türkiye'de üretilen önemli yemeklik dane baklagillerdendir. Araştırma, Etil Metan Sülfonat (EMS) ile mutajenize edilen Fırat 87 çeşidinden M5 generasyonunda seçilen 139 mercimek mutant genotipleri ve 6 kontrol çeşitin imazamoks herbisite toleransını belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Denemeler hem sera hem arazi şartlarında yapılmıştır. İmazamoks etken maddeli herbisit, bitkiler 5 - 6 boğumlu olduğu dönemde önerilen dozun (100 ml/ha veya 40 g a.i/ha) 1.5 katı (150 ml/ha) olarak uygulandı. Genotiplerin herbisite tepkisi, büyümenin bir işareti olarak bitki boyunun ölçülmesiyle ve ayrıca, bitki aksamında oluşan herbisit zararının görsel skorlanması (1= dayanıklı 5= % 100 ölü) yapılarak değerlendirildi. Ölçüm ve skorlamalar tarla denemelerinde ilaçlama yapıldıktan 45 ve 60 gün sonra, sera denemelerinde ise 30 ve 60 gün sonra yapılmıştır. Genotiplerin herbisite karşı reaksiyonları; yüksek toleranslı, toleranslı, orta derecede toleranslı, hassas ve oldukça hassas olarak gruplandırıldı. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, herbisite tolerans bakımından genotipler arasında önemli farklılıklar gözlenmiş olup ilaçlamadan 60 gün sonra yapılan değerlendirmelerde, hem tarla hem de sera denemelerinde genotiplerin çoğunda bir miktar iyileşmeler gözlenmiştir. Beş genotip (IMI-124, IMI-128, IMI-130, IMI-138 ve IMI-139), tarla ve sera denemelerinde herbisit toleransı en yüksek genotipler oalrak belirlenmiştir. Bu genotipler, imazamoks herbisite toleranslı mercimek çeşiti geliştirmek için ıslah programlarında kullanılabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Mercimek
• Etil metan sulfonat (EMS)
• İmazamoks tolerans.

Tolerance to Imazamox Herbicide Found after Screening of Advanced Generation Lentil Mutant Genotypes

Abstract

In Turkey, one of the essential grain legumes is lentil. It is usually perceived as a weak competitor with weeds. The research objective was to determine the tolerance of selected 145 mutagenized lentil genotypes at M5 generation to imazamox herbicide including 139 M5 lentil genotypes derived from Ethyl Methane Sulfonate (EMS) mutagenized seeds of cultivar Firat-87 and 6 control lentil cultivars were screened for imazamox herbicide tolerance. Experiments were carried out in the greenhouse and field. Herbicide was applied at 150% of the recommended dose of (100 ml/ha, or 40 g a.i/ha) imazamox when the plants were between 5 - 6 node stage. The response of the genotypes to the herbicide was evaluated by measuring the plant height as a sign of the growth and also by visual scoring of foliar damage with a 1 to 5 scale at 45 and 60 days after a spraying in the field experiment and at 30 and 60 days after a spraying in the greenhouse experiment. The genotypes were categorized based on their reactions to herbicides as highly tolerant, tolerant, moderately tolerant, sensitive, and highly sensitive. The results showed significant differences among the genotypes for tolerance to the herbicide. At 60 days after spray, most of the genotypes showed some of the recoveries in both experiments. Five genotypes (IMI-124, IMI-128, IMI-130, IMI-138, and IMI-139), displayed high herbicide tolerance in both experiments. The tolerant genotypes can be exploited in future breeding programs for improving herbicide tolerant lentil varieties.

Keywords

• Lentil
• Ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS)
• Imazamox tolerance

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