Germination and Emergence of Wild Rhubarb (Rheum ribes L.) Seeds In Vitro Culture Conditions

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 29 Sayı: 3, 425 - 432, 30.09.2019

Burcu Tuncer

https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.569671

Öz

Rheum ribes L. is a perennial wild plant that is of medical importance
as flowers shoots and stalk can be consumed as vegetables. Due to their
uncontrolled collection from their natural habitats, it is important to ensure
the preservation and sustainability of these species that may be in danger of
future extinction. In tissue culture techniques, in vitro micro-propagation studies with seed, in vitro optimum germination mechanism of the species should be
known. This study was conducted to determine the in vitro germination and emergence of rhubarb seeds groups (seed
tips were cut off or not). These groups were germinated in nutrient mediacombinations,
including Murashige and Skoog (MS), Gamborg (B5), White (WH) and Schenk and
Hildebrandt (SH) media with or without 200 mg/l gibberellic acid (GA₃).
As a result of the research, it was determined that the seeds of this species
have less severe physiological dormancy and the seed-tip cut applications are
more successful in terms of germination and emergence parameters. The highest
germination rate (84%) was obtained from MS+200 mg l^-1 GA₃
nutrient medium, and the best emergence rate (44%) was obtained from WH+200 mg l^-1
GA₃ medium.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Tissue culture, Rheum ribes L., Seed

İn Vitro Kültür Koşullarında Yabani Ravent (Rheum ribes L.) Tohumlarında Çimlenme ve Çıkış

Öz

Yabani Ravent (Rheum ribes L.), çiçek sürgünleri ve
sapları sebze olarak tüketilebilen tıbbi öneme sahip çok yıllık yabani bir
bitkidir. Doğal habitatlarından kontrolsüz toplanmaları durumunda, ileride yok
olma tehlikesiyle karşı karşıya kalabilecek bu türlerin korunması ve
sürdürülebilirliğinin sağlanması önem taşımaktadır. Doku kültürü teknikleriyle
tohumla in vitro mikro çoğaltım
çalışmalarının yapılabilmesi için, türün in
vitro koşullarda optimum çimlenme mekanizmasının bilinmesi gerekmektedir. Bu
çalışma, uçları kesilmiş ve kesilmemiş yabani ravent tohum gruplarının in
vitro koşullarda çimlenme ve çıkış durumlarının belirlenmesi amacıyla
yapılmıştır. Bu gruplar, 200 mg/l giberellik asit (GA₃) ilavesi
yapılmış veya yapılmamış, Murashige ve Skoog (MS), Gamborg (B5), White (WH) ve Schenk ve Hildebrandt (SH) ortam kombinasyonlarında in vitro olarak çimlendirilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, bu türün
tohumlarında az şiddetli fizyolojik dormansinin görüldüğü ve tohum ucu
kesilmemiş uygulamaların çimlenme ve çıkış parametreleri yönünden daha başarılı
olduğu tespit edilmiştir. En yüksek çimlenme oranı (%84), MS+200 mg/l GA₃
besin ortamından, en iyi çıkış oranı ise (%44), WH+200 mg/l GA₃ ortamından
sağlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Rheum ribes L., Tohum, Doku kültürü

Kaynakça

• Referans1 Akdağ, Ş. (2019). Çiriş (Eremurus spectabilis M.Bieb.) tohumlarında çimlenme ve çıkış performansını artırmaya yönelik farklı kombinasyon uygulamaları. (Yüksek lisans), Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Bahçe Bitkileri Anabilim Dalı Van, Türkiye.
• Referans2 Anjen, L., Alisa, E. G., Suk-pyo, H., McNeill, J., Hideaki, O., Park, C., & Liao, M. (2003). Polygonum (Polygonaceae). Flora of China, 5, 278–315.
• Referans3 Baskin,C. C., & Baskin, J. M. (2004). Germinating seeds of wildflowers, an ecological perspective. Horttechnology, 14 (4), 467-473.
• Referans4 Çakılcıoğlu, U., & Türkoğlu, I. (2007). Plants used for hemorrhoid treatment in Elazıg central district. Int. Med. Aromat. Plants Conf. Culinary Herbs, 826, 89–96.
• Referans5 Çakılcıoğlu, U., & Türkoğlu, I. (2008). Plants used for pass kidney stones by the folk in Elazıg. Herb J. Syst. Bot., 14, 133–144.
• Referans6 Chang, S. J., Huang, S. H., Lin, Y. J., Tsou, Y. Y., & Lin, C. W. (2014). Antiviral activity of Rheum palmatum methanol extract and chrysophanol against Japanese encephalitis virus. Arch. Pharm. Res., http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12272-013-0325-x.
• Referans7 Farzami, S. M., & Ghorbanli, M. (2002). Effects of nutritional factors on the formation of anthraquinones in callus cultures of Rheum ribes. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ culture, 68, 171–175.
• Referans8 Farzami, S. M., & Ghorbanli, M. (2005). Formation of catechin in callus cultures and micro propagation of Rheum ribes L. Pakistan Journal of Bioliogical Sciences, 8(10), 1346-1350.
• Referans9 Gamborg, O. L., Miller R. A., & Ojima, K. (1968). Nutrient requirements of suspension cultures of soybean root cells. Exp. Cell Res., 60, 151–158.
• Referans10 Hassan, M. A., & Fardous, Z. (2003). Seed germination, pollination and phenology of Gloriosa superba L. (Liliaceae). Bangladesh Journal of Plant taxonomy, 10 (1), 95–97.
• Referans11 Hu, B. Y., Zhang, H., Meng, X. L., Wang, F., & Wang, P. (2014). Aloeemodin from rhubarb (Rheum rhabarbarum) inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses in RAW264.7. macrophages. J. Ethnopharmacol, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/ j.jep.2014.03.059i.
• Referans12 Kosikowska, U., Smolarz, H. D., & Malm, A. (2010). Antimicrobial activity and total content of polyphenols of Rheum L. species growing in Poland. Cent. Eur. J. Biol., 5 (6), 814–820.
• Referans13 Kaval, I., Behcet, L., & Cakılcıoglu, U. (2014). Ethnobotanical study on medicinal plants in Gecitli and its surrounding (Hakkari-Turkey). J. Ethnopharmacol., 155, 171–184.
• Referans14 Keskiner, K., & Tuncer, B. (2019). Dormancy breakıng treatments for wild Eremurus spectabilis M.Bieb seeds. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 28 (2A), 1156-1162.
• Referans15 Ma, M., Fan, J.F., & Li, J. (2006). Effect of different breeding mechanism on seed viability of Eremurus anisopterus and Eremurus inderiensis. Seed, 25, 62–63 (in Chinese).
• Referans16 Malik, S., Sharma, N., Sharma, U. K., Singh, N. P., Bhushan, S., Sharma, M., Sinha, A. K., & Ahuja, P. S. (2010). Qualitative and quantitative analysis of anthraquinone derivatives in rhizomes of tissue culture-raised Rheum emodi Wall. plants. Journal of Plant Physiology, 167 (9): 749-756.
• Referans17 Mamut, J., Tan, D. Y., Baskin , C. C., & Baskin, J. M. (2014). Intermediate complex morphophysiological dormancy in seeds of the cold desert sand dune geophyte Eremurus anisopterus (Xanthorrhoeaceae; Liliaceae s.l.). Annals of Botany, 114, 991–999.
• Referans18 Matsuda, H., Tewtrakul, S., Morikawaa, T., & Yoshikawa, M. (2004). Anti-allergic activity of stilbenes from Korean rhubarb (Rheum undulatum L.): structure requirements for inhibition of antigeninduced degranulation and their effects on the release of TNF-a and IL-4 in RBL-2H3 cells. Bioorg. Med. Chem., 12, 4871–4876.
• Referans19 Mun, S. C., & Mun, G. S. (2016). Development of an efficient callus proliferation system for Rheum coreanum Nakai, a rare medicinal plant growing in Democratic People’s Republic of Korea. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 23, 488–494.
• Referans20 Murashige, T. &, Skoog, F. (1962). A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiology Plantarum, 15, 473-497.
• Referans21 Ozturk, M., Aydogmus-Ozturk, F., Duru, M. E., & Topcu, G. (2007). Antioxidant activity of stem and root extracts of Rhubarb (Rheum ribes): an edible medicinal plant. Food Chem., 103, 623–630.
• Referans22 Rahmanpour, A, Majd, A., & Chalabian, F. (2007). The effect of hormones and mechanical treatments on seed germination of Eremurus olgae Regel. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 23, 1 (35): 111-120.
• Referans23 Rashid, S., Kaloo, Z. A., Singh, S., & Bashir, I. (2014). Callus induction and shoot regeneration from rhizome explants of Rheum webbianum Royle- a threatened medicinal plant growing in Kashmir Himalaya. Journal of Scientific and Innovative Research, 3, 515-518.
• Referans24 Rashid, S., Kaloo, Z. A., Singh, S., & Bashir, I. (2018). In vitro plant regeneration from hypocotyl explants of Rheum webbianum Royle. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development, 2(2), 1135-1139.
• Referans25 Schenk, R. U., & Hildebrandt, A. C. (1972). Medium and techniques for induction and growth of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plant cell cultures. Canadian Journal of Botany, 50 (1), 199-204.
• Referans26 Sun, Y. S., Wang, A. L., & Wan, D. S. (2012). Rapid radiation of Rheum (Polygonaceae) and parallel evolution of morphological traits. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 63, 150-158.
• Referans27 Tabin, S., Kamili, A. N., & Gupta, R. C. (2014). In vitro micro propagation of Rheum explants supplemented with various types of growth hormones. J Agric Vet Sci (IOSR-JAVS), 7 (3), 97–100.
• Referans28 Tabin, S., Kamili, A. N., & Gupta, R. C. (2016). Novel study on in vitro culture of Rheum spiciforme Royle: An endangered medicinal plant of Gurez Valley. International Journal of Current Research, 8 (4), 28971-28979.
• Referans29 Tuncer, B., & Günsan, B. (2017). Yabani raventin (Rheum ribes L.) doku kültürü ile çoğaltım olanakları üzerine araştırma. Türkiye Tarımsal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 4 (3), 296-301.
• Referans30 White, P. R. (1963). Nutrient deficiency studies and improved inorganic nutrients for cultivation of excised tomato roots. Growth, 7, 53- 65.