DETERMINATION OF SOME BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS IN BLOOD IN A GROUP OF INDIVIDUALS WITH HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA AND HEPATITIS B
Abstract
Hyperbilirubinemia is a condition that can be a result of liver damage or liver malfunctioning, and linked to specific disorders or diseases. Bilirubin and some other biochemical parameters are used to test the health conditions in a group of individuals, suspected for hepatitis B. Total bilirubin, indirect and direct bilirubin, ALT and AST were observed and monitored in two different randomly chosen groups. In the first group, were involved all the healthy individuals and in the second one, were included hepatitis B positive individuals.
The purpose of this study was to determine and compare these biochemical parameters between the groups separately, and to further understand the biochemical profile of hepatitis B hyperbilirubinemia.
Data analysis clearly show that men are more likely to have higher levels of Total Bilirubin. It turned out that the most affected age group by Hepatitis B is the one from 18 to 30 years old. A good reason for the achieved results can be the lifestyle of these individuals, alcohol consumption as well as higher sexual activity in this age group. There is no significant difference between the two groups when comparing the levels of Indirect Bilirubin and Direct Bilirubin/Indirect Bilirubin ratio. There is a strong positive correlation between ALT and AST (r= 0.985; p= 0.00), which is linked to the stage of the liver cells damage.
When analyzing the relationship between the ALT/AST ratio against total Bilirubin, it results that they are not directly related to each other, so, it is important and necessary to measure separately and take into consideration separately Direct and Indirect Bilirubin value. This results to be a very important information when drawing a conclusion about the problem and make the differentiation, because the information we get from the levels of total bilirubin is not always enough.
Keywords
hyperbilirubinemia, total bilirubin, conjugated hyperbilirubinemia, unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia, ALT, AST
References
- Adrian Bomford, Roy A. Sherwood, (2014), “Acute and chronic liver disease”, Clinical Biochemistry: Metabolic and Clinical Aspects (Third Edition)
- Am Fam Physician. 2017; 95(3):164-168. Copyright © 2017 American Academy of Family Physicians.
- American Academy of Pediatrics Practice Parameter (1994). Management of hyperbilirubinemia in the healthy term newborn. Pediatrics, 94: 558-65.
- American Association of Clinical Chemistry: “Bilirubin.” (2021), Johns Hopkins Medicine: “Hemolytic Anemia.”, Mayo Clinic: “Bilirubin Test.” U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs: “Bilirubin.” © 2021 WebMD, LLC. https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/bilirubin-test
- Amit Kulkarni, Vijay Kumar Sharma (2017), “Wilson's Disease”, International Encyclopedia of Public Health (Second Edition) Baig S. (2009). Gender disparity in infections of Hepatitis B virus. Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP, 19(9), 598–600.
- Bhutani VK, Zipursky A, Blencowe H, Khanna R, Sgro M, Ebbesen F (2013). Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and Rhesus disease of the newborn: incidence and impairment estimates for 2010 at regional and global levels. PediatrRes, 1:86-100.
- Bosschaart N, Kok JH, Newsum AM, Ouwenee DM, Mentink R, van Leeuwen TG, et al (2012). Limitations and opportunities of tran-scutaneous bilirubin measurement. Pediatrics, 129: 689-97.
- Burke BL, Robbins JM, Bird TM, Hobbs CA, Nesmith C, Tilford JM (2009). Trends in hos-pitalizations for neonatal jaundice and kernic-terus in the United States, 1988–2005. Pediat-rics, 123: 524–32.
- Chen, L., Zhao, H., Yang, X., Gao, J. Y., & Cheng, J. (2014). HBsAg-negative hepatitis B virus infection and hepatocellular carcinoma. Discovery medicine, 18(99), 189–193.
- Fargo, M. V., Grogan, S. P., & Saguil, A. (2017). Evaluation of Jaundice in Adults. American family physician, 95(3), 164–168