Investigation of Culture Possibilities of Different Carp Species in Cage and Tank Conditions for Polyculture

Year 2019, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 1 - 8, 30.04.2019

Suat Dikel , Alp Özgüven , İlgın Özşahinoğlu

https://doi.org/10.31797/vetbio.544785

Abstract

In two different breeding environments including tank and cage systems, 3 different carp species (mirror carp, common carp, and grass carp), and 90 days post-fattening performance were compared. The experiment was carried out at Çukurova University Aquaculture Production and Research Station between July and September. In the experiment, commercial carp feeds containing 36% Crude protein and 11% crude oil were used and feeding was carried out twice a day. In the experiment, 2-mirro carp (MC) Cyprinus carpio, 3 g of common carp (CC) Cyprinus carpio and 3-4 g of grass carp (GC) Ctenopharyngodon idellus were used. The experimental groups were stocked together in cages and tanks with 25 fish / m3 (10 MC + 10 CC + 5 GC). At the end of the 90 day feeding period, in the GC group (2.06 ± 0.3% days), the highest specific growth rate (SGR) was reached in cages, followed by MC group (1.93 ± 0.01% day). 568.9 g/m3 yield from the tank system, 582.4 kg/m3 yield was obtained from the cage system (P>0.05). The highest growth rate in terms of proportional growth values was reached in the GC group
(565.57 ± 16.54), which was grown in lattice systems, while the MC group (470,6 ± 16,48) grown in cages and of the CC group grown in tanks (399.74 ± 6.73) (P<0.05). When evaluated in terms of species under polyculture conditions, no difference was observed with the cage or tank being the growing medium for common carp. In addition to this, for the mirror carp and grass carp, the culture in the cage systems was much better than the cultivation in the tank environment.

Keywords

Fiber Tank, Carp, Net Cage, Polyculture, Grass carp, Mirror carp

Farklı sazan türlerinin kafes ve tank koşullarında polikültür amaçlı yetiştirme olanaklarının incelenmesi

Abstract

Tank ve Kafes sistemleri olmak üzere iki farklı yetiştirme ortamında 3 farklı sazan türünün (Aynalı sazan, pullu sazan ve ot sazanı), 90 günlük besi sonrası yetiştiricilik performansları karşılaştırılmıştır. Deneme Çukurova Üniversitesi Su Ürünleri Üretim ve Araştırma istasyonunda Temmuz ve Eylül ayları arasında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Denemede 2 g’lık aynalı sazanlar (AS) Cyprinus carpio, 3 g civarında pullu sazanlar (PS) Cyprinus carpio ve 3-4 g civarında başlangıç ağırlığı olan ot sazanları (OS) Ctenopharyngodon idellus kullanılmıştır. 90 günlük besleme sonrasında gruplar içinde en yüksek Spesifik büyüme oranına (SGR) kafeslerde yetiştirilen OS grubunda (2,06±0,3 %gün) ile ulaşılırken onu AS grubu bireyleri (1,93±0,01 %gün) izlemiştir. Tank sisteminden 568,9 kg/m3 ürün hasat edilirken kafes sistemlerinden 582,4 kg/m3 ürün elde edilmiştir (P>0,05). Oransal büyüme değerleri açısından en yüksek büyüme oranına kafes sistemlerinde yetiştirilen OS grubunda (565,57±16,54) ulaşılırken onu sırayla kafeslerde yetiştirilen AS grubu (470,6±16,48) ve tanklarda yetiştirilen PS grubu (399,74±6,73) izlemiştir (P<0.05). Polikültür şartlarında türler açısından değerlendirme yapıldığında pullu sazanlar için yetiştirme ortamının kafes ya da tank olması ile her hangi bir fark gözlenmemiştir. Bunun
yanı sıra aynalı sazan ve ot sazanları için ise kafes sistemlerinde yetiştirilmesi tank ortamında yetiştirilmesine göre çok daha iyi sonuç vermiştir

Keywords

Ağ Kafes, Fiber Tank, Polikültür, Ot Sazanı, Aynalı sazan, Pullu sazan

References

• Afzal, M., Rab, A., Akhtar, N., Khan, M. F., Barlas, A., & Qayyum, M. (2007). Effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on the growth performance of bighead carp (Aristichthys nobilis) in polyculture system. Int J Agric Biol, 9(6), 931-933.
• Anton-Pardo, M., Hlaváč, D., Másílko, J., Hartman, P., & Adámek, Z. (2014). Natural diet of mirror and scaly carp (Cyprinus carpio) phenotypes in earth ponds. Folia Zoologica, 63(4), 229-238.
• Azim, M. E., & Wahab, M. A. (2003). Development of a duckweed-fed carp polyculture system in Bangladesh. Aquaculture, 218(1-4), 425-438.
• Azim, M. E., Rahaman, M. M., Wahab, M. A., Asaeda, T., Little, D. C., & Verdegem, M. C. J. (2004). Periphyton-based pond polyculture system: a bioeconomic comparison of on-farm and on-station trials. Aquaculture, 242(1-4), 381-396.
• Dewan, S., Miah, M. J. U., & Uddin, M. N. (1985). Studies on the food and feeding habits of Cyprinus carpio II. diel and seasonal patterns of feeding of the fish. Bangladesh Journal of Aquaculture (Bangladesh).
• Dewan, D., Wahab, M. A., Beveridge, M. C. M., Rahman, M. H., & Sarkar, B. K. (1991). Food selection, electivity and dietary overlap among planktivorous Chinese and Indian major carp fry and fingerlings grown in extensively managed, rain‐fed ponds in Bangladesh. Aquaculture Research, 22(3), 277-294.
• Dikel, S. (2002). Su Ürünlerinde Mekanizasyon Çukurova Üniversitesi Su Ürünleri Fakültesi Ders Kitapları Yayın no 12. Adana. Lotus Yayıncılık.
• Dikel, S. (2005). Kafes Balıkçılığı. Çukurova Üniversitesi Su Ürünleri Fakültesi Ders Kitapları Yayın, 18.
• Dikel, S. (2009). Tilapia Yetiştiriciliği. TC Tarım ve Köy işleri Bakanlığı. Tarımsal Üretim Geliştirme Genel Müdürlüğü. ANKARA.
• FAO 2015. Aquaculture topics and activities. Aquaculture resources. In: FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department [online]. Rome. Updated 29 December 2015. [Cited 12 March 2019].
• Hepher, B. and Pruginin, Y. 1981. Commercial Fish Farming. A Wiley-Interscience Publication, John Wiley and Sons, New York, USA. 261 pp.
• Kanak, M. K., Dewan, S., & Salimullah, M. (1999). Performance of exotic fishes with Indian major carps in polyculture under three different species combinations. Bangladesh J. Fish, 22, 1-6.
• Kiriş, G. A., & Dikel, S. (2002). Fiber tank ve beton havuza yerleştirilmiş ağ kafeslerdeki gökkuşağı alabalıklarının (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1792) besi performansları ve karkas kompozisyonları. EU Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences, 19(3-4), 371-380.
• Miah, M. S. (1997). Effect of stocking ratios on the growth and production of fishes in mixed polyculture system. Bangladesh J Fish, 20, 135-138.
• Milstein, A., Hepher, B., & Teltch, B. (1988). The effect of fish species combination in fish ponds on plankton composition. Aquaculture Research, 19(2), 127-137.
• Milstein, A., & Hulata, G. (1993). Factor analysis and canonical correlation analysis of fish production in commercial farms in Israel. Multivariate Methods in Aquaculture research: case studies of tilapia in experimental and commercial systems. ICLARM Stud. Rev, 20(221), 119-160.
• Milstein, A. , Wahab, M.A., Rahman, M.M. (2002). The effect of common carp, Cyprinus carpio (L.) and mrigal, Cirrhinus mrigala (Hamilton) as bottom feeders in major Indian carp polycultures Aquac. Res., 33, pp. 547-556
• Msangi, S., Kobayashi, M., Batka, M., Vannuccini, S., Dey, M. M., & Anderson, J. L. (2013). Fish to 2030: prospects for fisheries and aquaculture. World Bank Report, 83177(1), 102.
• Nandeesha, M. C., De Silva, S. S., Murthy, D. K., & Dathatri, K. (1994). Use of mixed feeding schedules in fish culture: field trials on catla, Catla catla (Hamilton‐Buchanan), rohu, Labeo rohita (Hamilton), and common carp, Cyprinus carpio L. Aquaculture Research, 25(6), 659-670.
• Polat, A., Dikel, S., Tekelioğlu, N., & Polat, S. (1995). Aynalı Sazan (C. carpio) ve Tilapiaların (O. niloticus) Farklı Stok Kombinasyonlarında Polikültür Yetiştiriciliği. ÇÜ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 10(1), 109-120.
• Schroeder, G.L. (1983), Sources of fish and prawn growth in polyculture ponds as indicated by delta C analysis Aquaculture, 35 pp. 29-42
• Spataru, P., Hepher, B., & Halevy, A. (1980). The effect of the method of supplementary feed application on the feeding habits of carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) with regard to natural food in ponds. Hydrobiologia, 72(1-2), 171-178.
• Spataru, P., Wohlfarth, G. W., & Hulata, G. (1983). Studies on the natural food of different fish species in intensively manured polyculture ponds. Aquaculture, 35, 283-298.
• Tang, Y. A. (1970). Evaluation of balance between fishes and available fish foods in multispecies fish culture ponds in Taiwan. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, 99(4), 708-718.
• Tekelioğlu, N. (2005). İç su balıkları yetiştiriciliği:(soğuk ve sıcak iklim balıkları). Nobel.
• Uddin, M. S., Miah, M. S., & Alam, M. S. (1994). Study on production optimization through polyculture of indigenous and exotic carps. Bangladesh J. Train. Dev, 7(2), 67-72.
• Wahab, M. A., Ahmed, Z. F., Islam, M. A., Haq, M. S., & Rahmatullah, S. M. (1995). Effects of introduction of common carp, Cyprinus carpio (L.), on the pond ecology and growth of fish in polyculture. Aquaculture Research, 26(9), 619-628.
• Wahab, M. A., Rahman, M. M., & Milstein, A. (2002). The effect of common carp, Cyprinus carpio (L.) and mrigal, Cirrhinus mrigala (Hamilton) as bottom feeders in major Indian carp polycultures. Aquaculture Research, 33(8), 547-556.
• Yashouv A., (1971) Interaction between the common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and the silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) in fish ponds Bamidgeh, 23, pp. 85-92
• Yashouv, A., & Halevy, A. (1972). Experimental studies of polyculture in 1971. Bamidgeh, 24(2), 31-39.