Tuzluluğun Bitkiler Üzerine Etkileri ve Tuz Tolerans Mekanizmaları

Şeküre Çulha; Hüsnü Çakırlar

The Effect of Salinity on Plants and Salt Tolerance Mechanisms

Yıl 2011, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 11 - 34, 01.08.2011

Şeküre Çulha Hüsnü Çakırlar

Öz

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakça

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Tuzluluğun Bitkiler Üzerine Etkileri ve Tuz Tolerans Mekanizmaları

Yıl 2011, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 11 - 34, 01.08.2011

Şeküre Çulha Hüsnü Çakırlar

Öz

Tuz stresi, özellikle kurak ve yarı kurak bölgelerde bitkilerin gelişimini etkileyerek ürün verimliliğini sınırlandıran önemli abiyotik stres faktörlerinden biridir. Bitkilerde osmotik ve iyon stresine neden olarak büyümeyi ve gelişmeyi etkileyen tuz stresinin bu olumsuz etkileri; tuzun çeşidine, stresin düzeyine ve süresine, strese maruz kalan bitkinin genotipine ve gelişim evresine bağlı olarak değişir. Tuzluluğa maruz kalan bitkilerde çeşitli metabolik olayların ve özellikle de fotosentetik aktivitenin etkilenmesi bitkilerin hayatta kalma şansını azaltabilmektedir. Bazı bitkiler bu koşullara karşı duyarlılık gösterirken, bazıları çeşitli fizyolojik, biyokimyasal ve moleküler cevaplar ile indüklenen tolerans mekanizmalarıyla hayatta kalmayı başarırlar. Tuzluğuğa karşı bu tolerans mekanizmalarını sağlayan fizyolojik ve biyokimyasal cevapları; iyonların seçici olarak biriktirilmesi veya atılımı, kökte iyon alımının ve sürgüne iletiminin kontrolü, iyonların bitkide ve hücrelerde belirli bölümlerde biriktirilmesi, osmotik düzenleyicilerin sentezi ve antioksidan sistemler oluştururken; moleküler cevapları sinyal iletim yolları ile çeşitli genlerin aktivasyonu ve /veya inaktivasyonu oluşturur. Fizyolojik, biyokimyasal ve moleküler cevapların sonucunda bitkilerde tuz regülasyonunun korunması sağlanır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Tuz stresi, tuz toleransı, morfolojik ve oksidatif değişiklikler, tolerans mekanizmaları

Kaynakça

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Qui, Q.-S., Guo, Y., Dietrich, M.A., Schumaker, K.S. ve Zhu, J.-K., 2002. Regulation of SOS1, a Plasma Membrane Na-H Exchanger in Arabidopsis thaliana, by SOS2 and SOS3, Proceeding of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 99(12), 8436-8441.
Rahman, Md.S., Matsumuro, T., Miyake, H. ve Takeoka, Y., 2000. Salinity-induced Ultrastructural Alterations in Leaf Cells of Rice (Oryza sativa L.), Plant Production Science, 3(4), 422-429.
Reddy, M.P. ve Iyengar, E.R.R., 1999. Crop Responses to Salt Stress: Seawater Application and Prospects, Handbook of Plant Crop Stress, ISBN 0-8247-1948-4, New York, 1198p.
Reinhold, L. ve Guy, M., 2002. Function of Membrane Transport System Under Salinity: Plazma Membrane, Salinity: Environment-Plants-Molecules, Published by Kluwer Academic Publishers, ISBN 1-4020-0492-3, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, 522p.
Rengel, Z., 1992. The Role Calcium in Salt Toxicity, Plant Cell and Environment, 15, 625-632. Rizhsky, L., Hallak-Herr, E., Breusegem, F.V., Rachmilevitch, S., Barr, J.E., Rodermel, S., Inzé, D. ve Mittler, R., 2002. Double Antisense Plants Lacking Ascorbate Peroxidase and Catalase are Less Sensitive to Oxidative Stress than Single Antisense Plants Lacking Ascorbate Peroxidase or Catalase, The Plant Journal, 32, 329-342.
Rus, A., Yokoi, S., Sharkhuu, A., Reddy, M., Lee, B., Matsumoto, T.K., Koiwa, H., Zhu, J-K., Bressan, R.A. ve Hasegawa, P.M., 2001. AtHKT1 is a Salt Tolerance Determinant that Controls Na+ Entry into Plant Roots, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 98, 14150-14155.
Sairam, R.K. ve Tyagi, A., 2004. Physiology and Molecular Biology of Salinity Stress Tolerance in Plants, Current Science, 86(3), 407-421.
Sakamoto, A. ve Murata, N., 2002. The Role of Glycine Betaine in the Protection of Plants from Stress: Clues from Transgenic Plants, Plant Cell and Environment, 25, 163-171.
Sakihama, Y., Cohen, M.F., Grace, S.C. ve Yamasaki, H., 2002. Plant Phenolic Antioxidant and Prooxidant Activities: Phenolics-induced Oxidative Damage Mediated by Metals in Plants, Toxicology, 177, 67-80.
Secenji, M., Bebes, A., Hideg, É. ve Györgyey, J., 2008. Transcriptional Changes in Ascorbate-Glutathione Cycle under Drought Conditions, Acta Biologica Szegediensis, 52(1), 93-94.
Seki, M., Kamei, A., Yamaguchi-Shinozaki, K. ve Shinozaki, K., 2003. Molecular Responses to Drought, Salinity and Frost: Common and Different Paths for Plant Protection, Current Opinion in Biotechnology, 14, 194-199.
Shao, H-B., Chu, L-Y., Jaleel, C.A. ve Zhao, C-X., 2008. Water-deficit Stress-induced Anatomical Changes in Higher Plants, Comptes Rendus Biologies, 331(3),
Shi, H., Ishitani, M., Kim, C. ve Zhu, J-K., 2000. The Arabidopsis thaliana Salt Tolerance Gene SOS1 Encodes a Putative Na+/H+ Antiporter, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 97(12), 6896-6901.
Shi, H. ve Zhu, J-K., 2002. Regulation of Expression of the Vacuolar Na+/H+ Antiporter Gene AtNHX1 by Salt Stress and Abscisic Acid, Plant Molecular Biology, 50, 543-550.
Shinozaki, K. ve Yamaguchi-Shinozaki, K., 2007. Gene Networks Involved in Drought Stress Response and Tolerance, Journal of Experimental Botany, 58(2), 221-227.
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Zhu, J-K., 2002. Salt and Drought Stress Signal Transductıon in Plants, Annual Review of Plant Biology, 53, 247-73.

Toplam 149 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil	Türkçe
Bölüm	Makaleler
Yazarlar	Şeküre Çulha Bu kişi benim Hüsnü Çakırlar Bu kişi benim
Yayımlanma Tarihi	1 Ağustos 2011
Gönderilme Tarihi	8 Ağustos 2015
Yayımlandığı Sayı	Yıl 2011 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA	Çulha, Ş., & Çakırlar, H. (2011). Tuzluluğun Bitkiler Üzerine Etkileri ve Tuz Tolerans Mekanizmaları. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 11(2), 11-34.
AMA	Çulha Ş, Çakırlar H. Tuzluluğun Bitkiler Üzerine Etkileri ve Tuz Tolerans Mekanizmaları. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. Ağustos 2011;11(2):11-34.
Chicago	Çulha, Şeküre, ve Hüsnü Çakırlar. “Tuzluluğun Bitkiler Üzerine Etkileri Ve Tuz Tolerans Mekanizmaları”. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 11, sy. 2 (Ağustos 2011): 11-34.
EndNote	Çulha Ş, Çakırlar H (01 Ağustos 2011) Tuzluluğun Bitkiler Üzerine Etkileri ve Tuz Tolerans Mekanizmaları. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 11 2 11–34.
IEEE	Ş. Çulha ve H. Çakırlar, “Tuzluluğun Bitkiler Üzerine Etkileri ve Tuz Tolerans Mekanizmaları”, Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 11, sy. 2, ss. 11–34, 2011.
ISNAD	Çulha, Şeküre - Çakırlar, Hüsnü. “Tuzluluğun Bitkiler Üzerine Etkileri Ve Tuz Tolerans Mekanizmaları”. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 11/2 (Ağustos 2011), 11-34.
JAMA	Çulha Ş, Çakırlar H. Tuzluluğun Bitkiler Üzerine Etkileri ve Tuz Tolerans Mekanizmaları. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. 2011;11:11–34.
MLA	Çulha, Şeküre ve Hüsnü Çakırlar. “Tuzluluğun Bitkiler Üzerine Etkileri Ve Tuz Tolerans Mekanizmaları”. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 11, sy. 2, 2011, ss. 11-34.
Vancouver	Çulha Ş, Çakırlar H. Tuzluluğun Bitkiler Üzerine Etkileri ve Tuz Tolerans Mekanizmaları. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. 2011;11(2):11-34.

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