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Investigation of Ring Burnished Pottery Samples from Tilbaşar Mound (Gaziantep, Turkey) Using Multiple Analysis Techniques

Year 2019, Volume: 19 Issue: 1, 193 - 202, 28.05.2019
https://doi.org/10.35414/akufemubid.410495

Abstract

In the present study, representative samples of ring burnished ceramic findings belonging to the Early
Bronze Age (from Tilbaşar Mound, Gaziantep, Turkey) were archaeometrically investigated by means
of multiple analysis methods covering X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy together with
energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry, optical microscopy and thermogravimetric-differential thermal
analysis. Additionally, the colors of the potsherds were determined by chromametric analysis. The main
aim of the research was to elucidate the raw material content (minerals, additional materials, if exist,
etc.) and production features of the findings by means of chemical, mineralogical and microscopic
techniques, as mentioned. The results indicated that the samples comprise carbonates suggesting use
of calcareous clay batches which likely refer to a regional production (when the geological features of
the area covering the mound are considered). Taking into account the mineral/phase content and the
micro structural features (poor vitrification behavior) of the samples, it was deduced that the firing
temperatures of the potsherds change in the range of 700-900oC which could be attributed to a
relatively simple firing technique (e.g. pit firing). The whole data obtained in the study brought the
thought that the ring burnished potteries have presumably been produced using simple techniques in
terms of raw material preparation and firing technology. 

References

  • Bayazit, M., 2017. Ceramic Petrography in Archaeometry. Batman University Journal of Life Sciences, 7 (2), 36-44.
  • Bayazit, M., Işık, I., Uz, V., Coşkun N.D. and Issi, A., 2017. An interdisciplinary approach in science: archaeometric applications for ceramics. 11th International Eskişehir Terracotta Symposium, Eskişehir, Turkey, 2017, 443-448.
  • Bayazit, M., Isik, I., Issi, A. And Genc, E., 2016. Archaeometric investigation of the Late Chalcolithic-Early Bronze Age I and the 1st–2nd millennium BCE potteries from Kuriki-Turkey. Applied Clay Science, 126, 180-189.
  • Cultrone, G., Rodriguez-Navarro, C., Sebastian, E., Cazalla, O. and De La Torre, M.J., 2001. Carbonate and silicate phase reactions during ceramic firing. Eur. J.Mineral., 13, 621–634.
  • De Nobili, M. and Maggioni, A., 1993. Influenza della sostanza organica sulle proprietà fisiche del suolo. In: Nannipieri, P. (Ed.), Ciclo della Sostanza Organica nel Suolo, 4354.
  • Drebushchak, V.A., Mylnikova, L.N., Drebushchak, T.N. and Boldyrev, V.V., 2005. The investigations of ancient pottery. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 82, 617–626.
  • Fabbri, B., Gualtieri, S. and Shoval, S., 2014. The presence of calcite in archeological ceramics. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., 34, 1899-1911.
  • Franquelo. M.L., Robador. M.D., Ramirez-Valle. V, Duran. A, Jimenez de Haro. M.C., and Perez- Rodriguez. J.L., 2008. Roman ceramic of hydraulic mortars used to build the mithraeum house of merida (Spain). J. Thermal Anal. Calorimetry, 92, 331-335.
  • Genç E. and Uysal T., 2017. Doğanpınar Barajı Tilbaşar Höyük 2015 yılı kazısı, 38. Uluslar arası Kazı, Araştırma ve Arkeometri Sempozyumu Toplantısı, Edirne, Türkiye, 23-27 Mayıs, 2016, Vol.1, 293-304.
  • Issi, A., 2012. Estimation of ancient firing technique by the characterization of semi-fused Hellenistic potsherds from Harabebezikan/Turkey. Ceram. Int., 38, 2375-2380.
  • Issi, A., Raškovska, A., Kara, A., Grupce, O., Minčeva-Šukarova, B. and Okyar, F., 2011. Scanning electron microscopy and micro-Raman spectroscopy of slip layers of Hellenistic ceramic wares from Dorylaion/Turkey. Ceram. Int., 37, 1879-1887.
  • Kepinski, C. and Bulgan, F., 2007. Research at Tilbeshar in 2005 City from the Early and Middle Bronze Ages. 28. Kazı Sonuçları Toplantısı 2. Cilt (2007) (29 Mayıs-2 Haziran 2006 Çanakkale), 733-742.
  • Krapukaitytė, A., Tautkus, S., Kareiva, A. and Zalieckienė, E., 2008. Thermal analysis–a powerful tool for the characterization of pottery. Chemija, 19, 4-8.
  • Loehman, R.E., 1993. Characterization of Ceramics, Butterworth-Heinemann, Reed-Elsevier Inc., 312 p.
  • Loftfield, T.C., 1976. A Brief and True Report: An Archaeological Interpretation of the Southern North Carolina Coast (Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation) Department of anthropology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
  • Maritan, L., Nodari, L., Mazzoli, C., Milano, A. and Russo, U., 2006. Influence of firing conditions on ceramic products: Experimental study on clay rich in organic matter. Applied Clay Science, 31, 1-15.
  • Meyvel, S., Sathya, P. and Velraj, G., 2012. Thermal characterization of archaeological pot sherds recently excavated in Nedunkur, Tamilnadu, India. Cerâmica, 58, 338-341.
  • Moropoulou, A., Bakolas, A. and Bisbikou, K., 1995. Thermal analysis as a method of characterizing ancient ceramic Technologies. Thermochimica Acta, 2570, 743-753.
  • Palanivel, R. and Kumar, U.R., 2011. Thermal and spectroscopic analysis of ancient potteries. Rom. Journ. Phys.,56, 195-208.
  • Rice, P.M., 1987. Pottery analysis: A sourcebook, University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
  • Saffer, M., 1979. Aboriginal Clay Resource Utilization of the Georgia Coast (M.A. thesis) Department of anthropology, University of Florida, Gainesville.
  • Shoval, S., Gaft, M., Beck, P. and Kirsh, Y., 1993. The thermal behavior of limestone andmonocrystalline calcite tempers during firing and their use in ancient vessels. J. Therm. Anal., 40, 263-73.
  • Tilbaşar Mound Excavation Archive.
  • Velraj, G., Sudha, R. and Hemamalini, R., 2010. X-Ray Diffraction and Tg-Dta studies of archaeological artifacts recently excavated in Salamankuppam Tamilnadu. Recent Research in Science and Technology, 2(10), 89-93.
  • 1- http://www.mta.gov.tr/v3.0/sayfalar/hizmetler/maden-haritalari/gaziantep.pdf (15.03.2018) 2- http://www.mta.gov.tr/v3.0/sayfalar/hizmetler/maden-haritalari/kilis.pdf (15.03.2018)
  • 3- http://www.mta.gov.tr/v3.0/sayfalar/hizmetler/maden-haritalari/adiyaman.pdf (15.03.2018)
  • 4- http://www.mta.gov.tr/v3.0/sayfalar/hizmetler/maden-haritalari/osmaniye.pdf (15.03.2018)
  • 5- http://www.mta.gov.tr/v3.0/sayfalar/hizmetler/maden-haritalari/Antakya.pdf (15.03.2018)
  • 6- http://www.mta.gov.tr/v3.0/sayfalar/hizmetler/maden-haritalari/kahramanmaras.pdf (15.03.2018)
  • 7-http://www.mta.gov.tr/v3.0/sayfalar/hizmetler/maden-haritalari/sanliurfa.pdf (15.03.2018)

Investigation of Ring Burnished Pottery Samples from Tilbaşar Mound (Gaziantep, Turkey) Using Multiple Analysis Techniques

Year 2019, Volume: 19 Issue: 1, 193 - 202, 28.05.2019
https://doi.org/10.35414/akufemubid.410495

Abstract

Mevcut çalışmada Erken Tunç Çağı’na ait şerit perdahlı seramik buluntular (Tilbaşar Höyük, Gaziantep)
X-ışını difraksiyonu, taramalı elektron mikroskobu/enerji saçınımlı X-ray spektroskopisi, optik mikroskop
ve termogravimetrik-diferansiyel termal analiz teknikleri ile arkeometrik olarak incelenmiştir. Ayrıca,
seramik buluntuların renkleri kromametrik analiz ile belirlenmiştir. Çalışmanın temel amacı buluntuların
hammadde içeriklerinin (mineral, ilave malzemeler; eğer mevcut ise, vb.) ve üretim özelliklerinin
kimyasal, mineralojik ve mikroskobik metotlarla aydınlatılmasıdır. Sonuçlar, numunelerin karbonatlı
hammadde içerdiğini ve höyüğü çevreleyen alanın jeolojik özellikleri dikkate alındığında büyük olasılıkla
bölgesel bir üretim ile ilişkilendirilebilecek kalkerli kil yataklarının kullanıldığını göstermektedir.
Örneklerin mineral/faz içeriği ve mikro yapısal özellikleri (zayıf vitrifikasyon davranışı) göz önüne
alındığında, seramiklerin pişirim sıcaklığının 700-900oC aralığında değiştiği ve bu durumun da göreceli
olarak basit bir pişirme tekniğine (ör, çukurda pişirim) bağlı olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Çalışmada
elde edilen sonuçlar şerit perdahlı seramik buluntularının hammadde hazırlama ve pişirim teknolojisi
bakımından basit teknikler kullanılarak üretilmiş olabilecekleri düşüncesini ortaya koymuştur.

References

  • Bayazit, M., 2017. Ceramic Petrography in Archaeometry. Batman University Journal of Life Sciences, 7 (2), 36-44.
  • Bayazit, M., Işık, I., Uz, V., Coşkun N.D. and Issi, A., 2017. An interdisciplinary approach in science: archaeometric applications for ceramics. 11th International Eskişehir Terracotta Symposium, Eskişehir, Turkey, 2017, 443-448.
  • Bayazit, M., Isik, I., Issi, A. And Genc, E., 2016. Archaeometric investigation of the Late Chalcolithic-Early Bronze Age I and the 1st–2nd millennium BCE potteries from Kuriki-Turkey. Applied Clay Science, 126, 180-189.
  • Cultrone, G., Rodriguez-Navarro, C., Sebastian, E., Cazalla, O. and De La Torre, M.J., 2001. Carbonate and silicate phase reactions during ceramic firing. Eur. J.Mineral., 13, 621–634.
  • De Nobili, M. and Maggioni, A., 1993. Influenza della sostanza organica sulle proprietà fisiche del suolo. In: Nannipieri, P. (Ed.), Ciclo della Sostanza Organica nel Suolo, 4354.
  • Drebushchak, V.A., Mylnikova, L.N., Drebushchak, T.N. and Boldyrev, V.V., 2005. The investigations of ancient pottery. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 82, 617–626.
  • Fabbri, B., Gualtieri, S. and Shoval, S., 2014. The presence of calcite in archeological ceramics. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., 34, 1899-1911.
  • Franquelo. M.L., Robador. M.D., Ramirez-Valle. V, Duran. A, Jimenez de Haro. M.C., and Perez- Rodriguez. J.L., 2008. Roman ceramic of hydraulic mortars used to build the mithraeum house of merida (Spain). J. Thermal Anal. Calorimetry, 92, 331-335.
  • Genç E. and Uysal T., 2017. Doğanpınar Barajı Tilbaşar Höyük 2015 yılı kazısı, 38. Uluslar arası Kazı, Araştırma ve Arkeometri Sempozyumu Toplantısı, Edirne, Türkiye, 23-27 Mayıs, 2016, Vol.1, 293-304.
  • Issi, A., 2012. Estimation of ancient firing technique by the characterization of semi-fused Hellenistic potsherds from Harabebezikan/Turkey. Ceram. Int., 38, 2375-2380.
  • Issi, A., Raškovska, A., Kara, A., Grupce, O., Minčeva-Šukarova, B. and Okyar, F., 2011. Scanning electron microscopy and micro-Raman spectroscopy of slip layers of Hellenistic ceramic wares from Dorylaion/Turkey. Ceram. Int., 37, 1879-1887.
  • Kepinski, C. and Bulgan, F., 2007. Research at Tilbeshar in 2005 City from the Early and Middle Bronze Ages. 28. Kazı Sonuçları Toplantısı 2. Cilt (2007) (29 Mayıs-2 Haziran 2006 Çanakkale), 733-742.
  • Krapukaitytė, A., Tautkus, S., Kareiva, A. and Zalieckienė, E., 2008. Thermal analysis–a powerful tool for the characterization of pottery. Chemija, 19, 4-8.
  • Loehman, R.E., 1993. Characterization of Ceramics, Butterworth-Heinemann, Reed-Elsevier Inc., 312 p.
  • Loftfield, T.C., 1976. A Brief and True Report: An Archaeological Interpretation of the Southern North Carolina Coast (Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation) Department of anthropology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
  • Maritan, L., Nodari, L., Mazzoli, C., Milano, A. and Russo, U., 2006. Influence of firing conditions on ceramic products: Experimental study on clay rich in organic matter. Applied Clay Science, 31, 1-15.
  • Meyvel, S., Sathya, P. and Velraj, G., 2012. Thermal characterization of archaeological pot sherds recently excavated in Nedunkur, Tamilnadu, India. Cerâmica, 58, 338-341.
  • Moropoulou, A., Bakolas, A. and Bisbikou, K., 1995. Thermal analysis as a method of characterizing ancient ceramic Technologies. Thermochimica Acta, 2570, 743-753.
  • Palanivel, R. and Kumar, U.R., 2011. Thermal and spectroscopic analysis of ancient potteries. Rom. Journ. Phys.,56, 195-208.
  • Rice, P.M., 1987. Pottery analysis: A sourcebook, University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
  • Saffer, M., 1979. Aboriginal Clay Resource Utilization of the Georgia Coast (M.A. thesis) Department of anthropology, University of Florida, Gainesville.
  • Shoval, S., Gaft, M., Beck, P. and Kirsh, Y., 1993. The thermal behavior of limestone andmonocrystalline calcite tempers during firing and their use in ancient vessels. J. Therm. Anal., 40, 263-73.
  • Tilbaşar Mound Excavation Archive.
  • Velraj, G., Sudha, R. and Hemamalini, R., 2010. X-Ray Diffraction and Tg-Dta studies of archaeological artifacts recently excavated in Salamankuppam Tamilnadu. Recent Research in Science and Technology, 2(10), 89-93.
  • 1- http://www.mta.gov.tr/v3.0/sayfalar/hizmetler/maden-haritalari/gaziantep.pdf (15.03.2018) 2- http://www.mta.gov.tr/v3.0/sayfalar/hizmetler/maden-haritalari/kilis.pdf (15.03.2018)
  • 3- http://www.mta.gov.tr/v3.0/sayfalar/hizmetler/maden-haritalari/adiyaman.pdf (15.03.2018)
  • 4- http://www.mta.gov.tr/v3.0/sayfalar/hizmetler/maden-haritalari/osmaniye.pdf (15.03.2018)
  • 5- http://www.mta.gov.tr/v3.0/sayfalar/hizmetler/maden-haritalari/Antakya.pdf (15.03.2018)
  • 6- http://www.mta.gov.tr/v3.0/sayfalar/hizmetler/maden-haritalari/kahramanmaras.pdf (15.03.2018)
  • 7-http://www.mta.gov.tr/v3.0/sayfalar/hizmetler/maden-haritalari/sanliurfa.pdf (15.03.2018)
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Murat Bayazit 0000-0003-1453-249X

Osman Ekinci

Publication Date May 28, 2019
Submission Date March 28, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 19 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Bayazit, M., & Ekinci, O. (2019). Investigation of Ring Burnished Pottery Samples from Tilbaşar Mound (Gaziantep, Turkey) Using Multiple Analysis Techniques. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 19(1), 193-202. https://doi.org/10.35414/akufemubid.410495
AMA Bayazit M, Ekinci O. Investigation of Ring Burnished Pottery Samples from Tilbaşar Mound (Gaziantep, Turkey) Using Multiple Analysis Techniques. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. May 2019;19(1):193-202. doi:10.35414/akufemubid.410495
Chicago Bayazit, Murat, and Osman Ekinci. “Investigation of Ring Burnished Pottery Samples from Tilbaşar Mound (Gaziantep, Turkey) Using Multiple Analysis Techniques”. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 19, no. 1 (May 2019): 193-202. https://doi.org/10.35414/akufemubid.410495.
EndNote Bayazit M, Ekinci O (May 1, 2019) Investigation of Ring Burnished Pottery Samples from Tilbaşar Mound (Gaziantep, Turkey) Using Multiple Analysis Techniques. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 19 1 193–202.
IEEE M. Bayazit and O. Ekinci, “Investigation of Ring Burnished Pottery Samples from Tilbaşar Mound (Gaziantep, Turkey) Using Multiple Analysis Techniques”, Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 193–202, 2019, doi: 10.35414/akufemubid.410495.
ISNAD Bayazit, Murat - Ekinci, Osman. “Investigation of Ring Burnished Pottery Samples from Tilbaşar Mound (Gaziantep, Turkey) Using Multiple Analysis Techniques”. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 19/1 (May 2019), 193-202. https://doi.org/10.35414/akufemubid.410495.
JAMA Bayazit M, Ekinci O. Investigation of Ring Burnished Pottery Samples from Tilbaşar Mound (Gaziantep, Turkey) Using Multiple Analysis Techniques. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. 2019;19:193–202.
MLA Bayazit, Murat and Osman Ekinci. “Investigation of Ring Burnished Pottery Samples from Tilbaşar Mound (Gaziantep, Turkey) Using Multiple Analysis Techniques”. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 19, no. 1, 2019, pp. 193-02, doi:10.35414/akufemubid.410495.
Vancouver Bayazit M, Ekinci O. Investigation of Ring Burnished Pottery Samples from Tilbaşar Mound (Gaziantep, Turkey) Using Multiple Analysis Techniques. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. 2019;19(1):193-202.