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Effect of warming of local anesthesia on pain and anesthesia duration before wisdom tooth extraction

Year 2019, Volume: 44 Issue: 3, 845 - 849, 30.09.2019
https://doi.org/10.17826/cumj.481120

Abstract

Purpose: Local anesthetic agents have been widely used in dentistry for several decades. Administration of local anesthetics at body temperature has been reported to shorten the onset time and reduce pain during injection. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of the local anesthetic at body temperature and room temperature before wisdom tooth extraction in terms of injection pain and onset of anesthesia.

Materials and Methods: Forty-six adult patients, who were undergoing wisdom tooth extraction, participated in this split-mouth study. To the one side of the patient’s jaws warmed anesthetic solution and to the other side anesthetic solution at room temperature was injected.

Results: There was no statistically significant difference between two groups. Mean onset time of anesthesia and VAS scores during injection were similar for room temperature and warmed anesthetic solution groups. None of the patients exhibited any complications during and after injection.

Conclusion: Further studies, which include large number of samples, may indicate the effectiveness of warmed anesthetic especially with regard to reducing pain during injection.


References

  • 1. Ram D, Hermida LB, Peretz B. A comparison of warmed and room-temperature anesthetic for local anesthesia in children. Pediatr Dent. 2002;24:333-6.
  • 2. Peterson DS, Kein DR. Pain sensation related to local anesthesia injected at varying temperatures. AnesthProg.1978;25:164-5.
  • 3. Hogan ME, vander Vaart S, Perampaladas K, Machado M, Einarson TR, Taddio A. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect of warming local anesthetics on injection pain. Ann Emerg Med. 2011;58:86-98.
  • 4. Talu H, Elibol O, Yanyalı A, Karabas L, Alp B, Çaglar Y. Effect of warming and buffering lidocaine on pain during facial anesthesia. Ann Ophthalmol. 2001;33:43-7.
  • 5. Kaplan B, Moy RL. Comparison of room temperature and warmed local anesthetic solution for tumescent liposuction. A randomized double-blind study. Dermatol Surg. 1996;22:707-9.
  • 6. Allen MJ, Bunce C, Presland AH. The effect of warming local anaesthetic on the pain of injection during sub-Tenon’s anaesthesia for cataract surgery. Anaesthesia. 2008;63:276-8.
  • 7. Sultan J. Towards evidence based emergency medicine: best BETs from the Manchester Royal Infirmary. The effect of warming local anaesthetics on pain of infiltration. Emerg Med J. 2007;24:791-3.
  • 8. Davidson J, Boom SJ. Warming lignocaine to reduce pain associated with injection. BMJ. 1992;305:617-8.
  • 9. Bainbridge LC. Comparison of room temperature and body temperature local anaesthetic solutions. Br J Plast Surg. 1991;44:147-8.
  • 10. Fu-Chao Liu, Jiin-TarngLiou, Yuan-Ji Day, Allen H. Li, Huang-Ping Yu. Effect of warm lidocaine on the sensory onset of epidural anesthesia: a randomized trial. Chang Gung Med J. 2009;32:643-9.
  • 11. Osman A. Etoz, Nilay Er, Ahmet E Demirbas. Is supraperiosteal infiltration anesthesia safe enough to prevent inferior alveolar nerve during posterior mandibular implant surgery? Med Oral Patol Oral CirBucal. 2011;16:386-9.
  • 12. Boggia R. Heating local anaesthetic cartridges. Br Dent J. 1967;122:287.
  • 13. Jaichandran V, Vijaya L, George RJ, Inder Mohan B. Peribulbar anesthesia for cataract surgery: effect of lidocaine warming and alkalinization on injection pain, motor and sensory nerve blockade. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2010;58:105-8.
  • 14. Powell MS. Stability of lidocaine in aqueous solution: effect of temperature, pH, buffer, and metal ions on amide hydrolysis. Pharm Res.1987;4:42-5.
  • 15. Defrin R, Ohry A, Blumen N, Urca G. Sensory determinants of thermal pain. Brain. 2002;125:501–10.
  • 16. Yang CH, Hsu HC, Shen SC, Juan WH, Hong HS, Chen CH. Warm and neutral tumescent anesthetic solutions are essential factors for a less painful injection. Dermatol Surg. 2006;32:1119-22.
  • 17. Rogers KB, Fielding AF, Markiewicz SW. The effect of warming local anesthetic solutions prior to injection. Gen Dent. 1989;37:496-9.
  • 18. Oikarinen VJ, Ylipaavalniemi P, Evers H. Pain and temperature sensations related to local analgesia. Int J Oral Surg. 1975;4:151-6.
  • 19. Cragg AH, Berbaum K, Smith TP. A prospective blinded trial of warm and cold lidocaine for intradermal injection. AJRA Am J Roentgenol. 1988;150:1183-4.
  • 20. Courtney DJ, Agrawal S, Revington PJ. Local anaesthesia: to warm or alter the pH? A survey of current practice. J R Coll Surg Edinb. 1999;44:167-71

Yirmi yaş dişi çekimi öncesinde ısıtılmış lokal anestezik solüsyonun ağrı ve anestezi süresine etkisi

Year 2019, Volume: 44 Issue: 3, 845 - 849, 30.09.2019
https://doi.org/10.17826/cumj.481120

Abstract

Amaç: Lokal anestezik ajanlar uzun yıllardır diş hekimliğinde yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Vücut sıcaklığında uygulanan lokal anesteziklerin anestezi süresini kısalttığı ve injeksiyon sırasında duyulan ağrıyı azalttığı rapor edilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı yirmi yaş dişi çekimi öncesi uygulanan vücut sıcaklığında ve oda sıcaklığında lokal anesteziklerin ağrı ve anestezi süresi açısından etkilerinin karşılaştırılmasıdır.

Gereç ve Yönem: Yirmi yaş dişi çekimi yapılacak 46 yetişkin hasta bu split-mouth çalışmaya dahil edildi. Hastaların çenelerinin bir tarafına ısıtılmış lokal anestezik enjekte edilirken diğer tarafına oda sıcaklığında local anestezik enjekte edildi.

Bulgular: İki grup arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunamadı. Ortalama anestezi süresi ve enjeksiyon sırasında elde edilen VAS değerleri her iki grupta da benzerdi. Enjeksiyon sırasında ve sonrasında hastalarda herhangi bir komplikasyon gözlenmedi. 

Sonuç: Daha fazla örnek içeren ileriki çalışmalar, özellikle enjeksiyon sırasında ağrıyı azaltma ile ilgili ısıtılmış anestezinin etkinliğini gösterebilir.


References

  • 1. Ram D, Hermida LB, Peretz B. A comparison of warmed and room-temperature anesthetic for local anesthesia in children. Pediatr Dent. 2002;24:333-6.
  • 2. Peterson DS, Kein DR. Pain sensation related to local anesthesia injected at varying temperatures. AnesthProg.1978;25:164-5.
  • 3. Hogan ME, vander Vaart S, Perampaladas K, Machado M, Einarson TR, Taddio A. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect of warming local anesthetics on injection pain. Ann Emerg Med. 2011;58:86-98.
  • 4. Talu H, Elibol O, Yanyalı A, Karabas L, Alp B, Çaglar Y. Effect of warming and buffering lidocaine on pain during facial anesthesia. Ann Ophthalmol. 2001;33:43-7.
  • 5. Kaplan B, Moy RL. Comparison of room temperature and warmed local anesthetic solution for tumescent liposuction. A randomized double-blind study. Dermatol Surg. 1996;22:707-9.
  • 6. Allen MJ, Bunce C, Presland AH. The effect of warming local anaesthetic on the pain of injection during sub-Tenon’s anaesthesia for cataract surgery. Anaesthesia. 2008;63:276-8.
  • 7. Sultan J. Towards evidence based emergency medicine: best BETs from the Manchester Royal Infirmary. The effect of warming local anaesthetics on pain of infiltration. Emerg Med J. 2007;24:791-3.
  • 8. Davidson J, Boom SJ. Warming lignocaine to reduce pain associated with injection. BMJ. 1992;305:617-8.
  • 9. Bainbridge LC. Comparison of room temperature and body temperature local anaesthetic solutions. Br J Plast Surg. 1991;44:147-8.
  • 10. Fu-Chao Liu, Jiin-TarngLiou, Yuan-Ji Day, Allen H. Li, Huang-Ping Yu. Effect of warm lidocaine on the sensory onset of epidural anesthesia: a randomized trial. Chang Gung Med J. 2009;32:643-9.
  • 11. Osman A. Etoz, Nilay Er, Ahmet E Demirbas. Is supraperiosteal infiltration anesthesia safe enough to prevent inferior alveolar nerve during posterior mandibular implant surgery? Med Oral Patol Oral CirBucal. 2011;16:386-9.
  • 12. Boggia R. Heating local anaesthetic cartridges. Br Dent J. 1967;122:287.
  • 13. Jaichandran V, Vijaya L, George RJ, Inder Mohan B. Peribulbar anesthesia for cataract surgery: effect of lidocaine warming and alkalinization on injection pain, motor and sensory nerve blockade. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2010;58:105-8.
  • 14. Powell MS. Stability of lidocaine in aqueous solution: effect of temperature, pH, buffer, and metal ions on amide hydrolysis. Pharm Res.1987;4:42-5.
  • 15. Defrin R, Ohry A, Blumen N, Urca G. Sensory determinants of thermal pain. Brain. 2002;125:501–10.
  • 16. Yang CH, Hsu HC, Shen SC, Juan WH, Hong HS, Chen CH. Warm and neutral tumescent anesthetic solutions are essential factors for a less painful injection. Dermatol Surg. 2006;32:1119-22.
  • 17. Rogers KB, Fielding AF, Markiewicz SW. The effect of warming local anesthetic solutions prior to injection. Gen Dent. 1989;37:496-9.
  • 18. Oikarinen VJ, Ylipaavalniemi P, Evers H. Pain and temperature sensations related to local analgesia. Int J Oral Surg. 1975;4:151-6.
  • 19. Cragg AH, Berbaum K, Smith TP. A prospective blinded trial of warm and cold lidocaine for intradermal injection. AJRA Am J Roentgenol. 1988;150:1183-4.
  • 20. Courtney DJ, Agrawal S, Revington PJ. Local anaesthesia: to warm or alter the pH? A survey of current practice. J R Coll Surg Edinb. 1999;44:167-71
There are 20 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Research
Authors

Murat Ulu 0000-0002-3338-7198

Osman A. Etöz This is me 0000-0002-9175-4646

Ahmet E. Demirbaş 0000-0002-2602-6415

Fatma Gülfeşan Yıldırım Çanakçı 0000-0001-7553-7062

Hüseyin Akçay This is me 0000-0001-7730-8212

Publication Date September 30, 2019
Acceptance Date January 12, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 44 Issue: 3

Cite

MLA Ulu, Murat et al. “Effect of Warming of Local Anesthesia on Pain and Anesthesia Duration before Wisdom Tooth Extraction”. Cukurova Medical Journal, vol. 44, no. 3, 2019, pp. 845-9, doi:10.17826/cumj.481120.