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Year 2023, Issue: 77, 165 - 189, 06.08.2023
https://doi.org/10.58634/felsefedunyasi.1246255

Abstract

References

  • Cohon, Rachel. (2018). “Hume's Moral Philosophy”, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2018 Edition). Ed. Edward N. Zalta. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2018/entries/hume-moral (Erişim 01.05.2023).
  • Darwall, Stephen. (1998). “Empathy, Sympathy, Care.” Philosophical Studies: An International Journal for Philosophy in the Analytic Tradition, 89, no. 2/3, 261-282.
  • Fleischacker, Sam. (2012). “Sympathy in Hume and Smith: A Contrast, Critique, and Reconstruction.” Intersubjectivity and Objectivity in Adam Smith and Edmund Husserl içinde, ed. Christel Fricke, Dagfinn Føllesdal, 273-313. Frankfurt, Paris, Lancaster, New Brunswick: Ontos Verlag.
  • Frazer, Michael L. (2010). The Enlightenment of Sympathy Justice and the Moral Sentiments in the Eighteenth Century and Today. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Fudge, Robert. (2009). “Sympathy, Beauty and Sentiment: Adam Smith's Aesthetic Morality.” Journal of Scottish Philosophy, 7, 133-146.
  • Göçmen, Doğan. (2007). The Adam Smith Problem. London, New York: Tauris Academic Studies.
  • Griswold, Charles L. Jr. (1999). Adam Smith and the Virtues of Enlightenment. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Griswold, Charles L. Jr. (2006). “Imagination: Morals, Science, and Arts.” The Cambridge Companion to Adam Smith içinde, ed. Knud Haakonssen, 22-57. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Hume, David. (1888). A Treatise of Human Nature. Ed. L. A. Selby-Bigge. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • Hume, David. (2015). İnsan Doğası Üzerine bir İnceleme. Çev. Ergün Baylan, Ankara: BilgeSu Yayıncılık.
  • Hutcheson, Francis. (1756). An Essay on the Nature and Conduct of the Passions and Affections. London: W. Innys, J. Richardson vd.
  • Hutcheson, Francis. (2004). An Inquiry into the Original of Our Ideas of Beauty and Virtue in two Treatises. Ed. Wolfgang Leidhold. Indianapolis: Liberty Fund.
  • Kelly, Duncan. (2013). “Adam Smith and the Limits of Sympathy.” The Oxford Handbook of Adam Smith içinde, ed. Christopher J. Berry, Maria Pia Paganelli, Craig Smith, 201-219. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Marshall, David. (1984). “Adam Smith and the Theatricality of Moral Sentiments.” Critical Inquiry, 10, no. 4, 592-613.
  • Müller, Leonardo André Paes. (2016). “The Philosophy of Adam Smith: Imagination and Speculation.” Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne-Paris I.
  • Murteza, Gökhan. (2019). Ahlak, İktisat ve Bilim, Adam Smith Felsefesine Giriş. İstanbul: Pinhan Yayıncılık.
  • Phillipson, Nicholas. (2013). “Adam Smith: A Biographer’s Reflections.” The Oxford Handbook of Adam Smith içinde, ed. Christopher J. Berry, Maria Pia Paganelli, Craig Smith, 23-36. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Rapheal, D.D. (2007). The Impartial Spectator. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • Smith, Adam. (2018). Ahlaki Duygular Kuramı. Çev. Derman Kızılay. İstanbul: Pinhan Yayıncılık.
  • Smith, Adam. (2004). The Theory of Moral Sentiments. Ed. Knud Haakonssen. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Smith, Craig. (2020). Adam Smith, Cambridge: Polity Press.
Year 2023, Issue: 77, 165 - 189, 06.08.2023
https://doi.org/10.58634/felsefedunyasi.1246255

Abstract

References

  • Cohon, Rachel. (2018). “Hume's Moral Philosophy”, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2018 Edition). Ed. Edward N. Zalta. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2018/entries/hume-moral (Erişim 01.05.2023).
  • Darwall, Stephen. (1998). “Empathy, Sympathy, Care.” Philosophical Studies: An International Journal for Philosophy in the Analytic Tradition, 89, no. 2/3, 261-282.
  • Fleischacker, Sam. (2012). “Sympathy in Hume and Smith: A Contrast, Critique, and Reconstruction.” Intersubjectivity and Objectivity in Adam Smith and Edmund Husserl içinde, ed. Christel Fricke, Dagfinn Føllesdal, 273-313. Frankfurt, Paris, Lancaster, New Brunswick: Ontos Verlag.
  • Frazer, Michael L. (2010). The Enlightenment of Sympathy Justice and the Moral Sentiments in the Eighteenth Century and Today. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Fudge, Robert. (2009). “Sympathy, Beauty and Sentiment: Adam Smith's Aesthetic Morality.” Journal of Scottish Philosophy, 7, 133-146.
  • Göçmen, Doğan. (2007). The Adam Smith Problem. London, New York: Tauris Academic Studies.
  • Griswold, Charles L. Jr. (1999). Adam Smith and the Virtues of Enlightenment. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Griswold, Charles L. Jr. (2006). “Imagination: Morals, Science, and Arts.” The Cambridge Companion to Adam Smith içinde, ed. Knud Haakonssen, 22-57. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Hume, David. (1888). A Treatise of Human Nature. Ed. L. A. Selby-Bigge. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • Hume, David. (2015). İnsan Doğası Üzerine bir İnceleme. Çev. Ergün Baylan, Ankara: BilgeSu Yayıncılık.
  • Hutcheson, Francis. (1756). An Essay on the Nature and Conduct of the Passions and Affections. London: W. Innys, J. Richardson vd.
  • Hutcheson, Francis. (2004). An Inquiry into the Original of Our Ideas of Beauty and Virtue in two Treatises. Ed. Wolfgang Leidhold. Indianapolis: Liberty Fund.
  • Kelly, Duncan. (2013). “Adam Smith and the Limits of Sympathy.” The Oxford Handbook of Adam Smith içinde, ed. Christopher J. Berry, Maria Pia Paganelli, Craig Smith, 201-219. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Marshall, David. (1984). “Adam Smith and the Theatricality of Moral Sentiments.” Critical Inquiry, 10, no. 4, 592-613.
  • Müller, Leonardo André Paes. (2016). “The Philosophy of Adam Smith: Imagination and Speculation.” Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne-Paris I.
  • Murteza, Gökhan. (2019). Ahlak, İktisat ve Bilim, Adam Smith Felsefesine Giriş. İstanbul: Pinhan Yayıncılık.
  • Phillipson, Nicholas. (2013). “Adam Smith: A Biographer’s Reflections.” The Oxford Handbook of Adam Smith içinde, ed. Christopher J. Berry, Maria Pia Paganelli, Craig Smith, 23-36. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Rapheal, D.D. (2007). The Impartial Spectator. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • Smith, Adam. (2018). Ahlaki Duygular Kuramı. Çev. Derman Kızılay. İstanbul: Pinhan Yayıncılık.
  • Smith, Adam. (2004). The Theory of Moral Sentiments. Ed. Knud Haakonssen. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Smith, Craig. (2020). Adam Smith, Cambridge: Polity Press.

The Role of Imagination in Adam Smith’s Moral Theory

Year 2023, Issue: 77, 165 - 189, 06.08.2023
https://doi.org/10.58634/felsefedunyasi.1246255

Abstract

Abstract
The Role of Imagination in Adam Smith’s Moral Theory
This paper aims to manifest the essential role that Adam Smith attributes to the imagination in his moral theory. The main claim of the paper is that without the creative, intentional and narrative activity of the imagination the constitution of moral subjectivity, the emergence of moral life and consequently the total moral determination is not possible. The claim is limited to the moral theory that Smith presents in his book The Theory of Moral Sentiments. In the introductory part of the paper, the critical ideas of Smith regarding the other moral theorists who grounds the principle of moral approbation on reason, self-interest or sentiment will be presented. In the following part the concept of sympathy that Smith defines as the process of moral evaluation will be analyzed and it will be shown that the activity of sympathy is the activity of the imagination. In this part, it will also be claimed that the demand of justice, in its moral aspect, is the result of an emotion whose source is imaginative replacement. The last to be explained is the concept of impartial spectator who the moral actor creates in order to consult in her/his evaluation of her/his moral acts, sentiments and behaviors. In this last section it will be clarified that impartial spectator, assigned to be an evaluative authority, is a creation of imagination. While discussing the concept of impartial spectator, Smith emphasizes that the image of a spectator watching our acts stands at the center of our moral life. According to him moral subjectivity survives in a selfhood divided into an actor and a spectator. In this last section impartial spectator, the watching part in the double selfhood, will be manifested to be a creation of the imagination. Thus, the whole moral world made possible with this moral spectatorship is the creation of the imagination.

References

  • Cohon, Rachel. (2018). “Hume's Moral Philosophy”, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2018 Edition). Ed. Edward N. Zalta. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2018/entries/hume-moral (Erişim 01.05.2023).
  • Darwall, Stephen. (1998). “Empathy, Sympathy, Care.” Philosophical Studies: An International Journal for Philosophy in the Analytic Tradition, 89, no. 2/3, 261-282.
  • Fleischacker, Sam. (2012). “Sympathy in Hume and Smith: A Contrast, Critique, and Reconstruction.” Intersubjectivity and Objectivity in Adam Smith and Edmund Husserl içinde, ed. Christel Fricke, Dagfinn Føllesdal, 273-313. Frankfurt, Paris, Lancaster, New Brunswick: Ontos Verlag.
  • Frazer, Michael L. (2010). The Enlightenment of Sympathy Justice and the Moral Sentiments in the Eighteenth Century and Today. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Fudge, Robert. (2009). “Sympathy, Beauty and Sentiment: Adam Smith's Aesthetic Morality.” Journal of Scottish Philosophy, 7, 133-146.
  • Göçmen, Doğan. (2007). The Adam Smith Problem. London, New York: Tauris Academic Studies.
  • Griswold, Charles L. Jr. (1999). Adam Smith and the Virtues of Enlightenment. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Griswold, Charles L. Jr. (2006). “Imagination: Morals, Science, and Arts.” The Cambridge Companion to Adam Smith içinde, ed. Knud Haakonssen, 22-57. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Hume, David. (1888). A Treatise of Human Nature. Ed. L. A. Selby-Bigge. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • Hume, David. (2015). İnsan Doğası Üzerine bir İnceleme. Çev. Ergün Baylan, Ankara: BilgeSu Yayıncılık.
  • Hutcheson, Francis. (1756). An Essay on the Nature and Conduct of the Passions and Affections. London: W. Innys, J. Richardson vd.
  • Hutcheson, Francis. (2004). An Inquiry into the Original of Our Ideas of Beauty and Virtue in two Treatises. Ed. Wolfgang Leidhold. Indianapolis: Liberty Fund.
  • Kelly, Duncan. (2013). “Adam Smith and the Limits of Sympathy.” The Oxford Handbook of Adam Smith içinde, ed. Christopher J. Berry, Maria Pia Paganelli, Craig Smith, 201-219. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Marshall, David. (1984). “Adam Smith and the Theatricality of Moral Sentiments.” Critical Inquiry, 10, no. 4, 592-613.
  • Müller, Leonardo André Paes. (2016). “The Philosophy of Adam Smith: Imagination and Speculation.” Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne-Paris I.
  • Murteza, Gökhan. (2019). Ahlak, İktisat ve Bilim, Adam Smith Felsefesine Giriş. İstanbul: Pinhan Yayıncılık.
  • Phillipson, Nicholas. (2013). “Adam Smith: A Biographer’s Reflections.” The Oxford Handbook of Adam Smith içinde, ed. Christopher J. Berry, Maria Pia Paganelli, Craig Smith, 23-36. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Rapheal, D.D. (2007). The Impartial Spectator. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • Smith, Adam. (2018). Ahlaki Duygular Kuramı. Çev. Derman Kızılay. İstanbul: Pinhan Yayıncılık.
  • Smith, Adam. (2004). The Theory of Moral Sentiments. Ed. Knud Haakonssen. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Smith, Craig. (2020). Adam Smith, Cambridge: Polity Press.

ADAM SMITH’İN AHLAK KURAMINDA HAYAL GÜCÜNÜN ROLÜ

Year 2023, Issue: 77, 165 - 189, 06.08.2023
https://doi.org/10.58634/felsefedunyasi.1246255

Abstract

Öz
Adam Smith’in Ahlak Kuramında Hayal Gücünün Rolü
Bu makale Adam Smith’in ahlak kuramında hayal gücüne atfettiği temel rolü görünür kılmayı amaçlamaktadır. Makalenin temel iddiası hayal gücünün yaratıcı, yönelimsel ve anlatısal etkinliği olmadan ahlaki öznelliğin kurulamayacağı, ahlaki yaşantının var olamayacağı ve dolayısıyla ahlaki belirlenimlerin gerçekleşemeyeceğidir. İddia Smith’in Ahlakı Duygular Kuramı isimli eserinde sunduğu ahlak kuramı ile sınırlandırılmıştır. Makalenin giriş bölümünde Ahlaki Duygular Kuramı’nda Smith’in ahlaki onay ilkesini akıl, çıkar ya da duyguda temellendiren diğer kuramcılara karşı yönelttiği eleştirilerine yer verilecektir. Takip eden bölümde ahlaki değerlendirme süreci olarak ortaya koyduğu duygudaşlık (sympathy) fikri incelenecek ve duygudaşlığın hayal gücünün etkinliği olduğu gösterilecektir. Bu bölümde adalet talebinin de, ahlaki boyutunda, bir duygu sonucu ortaya çıktığı ve duygunun kaynağının kurgusal yer değiştirme olduğu vurgulanacaktır. Son olarak çözümlenecek kavram ise ahlaki failin kendi edimlerini, duygu ve davranışlarını onaylarken başvurmak için yarattığı tarafsız gözlemci (impartial spectator) kavramıdır. Smith tarafsız gözlemci kavramını tartışırken edimlerimizi gözetleyen bir seyirci kurgusunun ahlaki yaşantımızın merkezinde durduğunu vurgular. Smith’e göre ahlaki öznellik hem seyreden hem eyleyen olarak ikiye bölünmüş bir benlikte sürer. Bu son bölümde, ikili benliğin izleyen kısmını oluşturan ve değerlendirme mercii olarak atanan tarafsız gözlemcinin hayal gücünün bir kurgusu olduğu gösterilecek ve böylece ahlaki seyirle birlikte mümkün kılınan tüm ahlak dünyasının hayal gücünün ürünü olduğu açıklık kazanacaktır.

References

  • Cohon, Rachel. (2018). “Hume's Moral Philosophy”, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2018 Edition). Ed. Edward N. Zalta. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2018/entries/hume-moral (Erişim 01.05.2023).
  • Darwall, Stephen. (1998). “Empathy, Sympathy, Care.” Philosophical Studies: An International Journal for Philosophy in the Analytic Tradition, 89, no. 2/3, 261-282.
  • Fleischacker, Sam. (2012). “Sympathy in Hume and Smith: A Contrast, Critique, and Reconstruction.” Intersubjectivity and Objectivity in Adam Smith and Edmund Husserl içinde, ed. Christel Fricke, Dagfinn Føllesdal, 273-313. Frankfurt, Paris, Lancaster, New Brunswick: Ontos Verlag.
  • Frazer, Michael L. (2010). The Enlightenment of Sympathy Justice and the Moral Sentiments in the Eighteenth Century and Today. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Fudge, Robert. (2009). “Sympathy, Beauty and Sentiment: Adam Smith's Aesthetic Morality.” Journal of Scottish Philosophy, 7, 133-146.
  • Göçmen, Doğan. (2007). The Adam Smith Problem. London, New York: Tauris Academic Studies.
  • Griswold, Charles L. Jr. (1999). Adam Smith and the Virtues of Enlightenment. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Griswold, Charles L. Jr. (2006). “Imagination: Morals, Science, and Arts.” The Cambridge Companion to Adam Smith içinde, ed. Knud Haakonssen, 22-57. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Hume, David. (1888). A Treatise of Human Nature. Ed. L. A. Selby-Bigge. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • Hume, David. (2015). İnsan Doğası Üzerine bir İnceleme. Çev. Ergün Baylan, Ankara: BilgeSu Yayıncılık.
  • Hutcheson, Francis. (1756). An Essay on the Nature and Conduct of the Passions and Affections. London: W. Innys, J. Richardson vd.
  • Hutcheson, Francis. (2004). An Inquiry into the Original of Our Ideas of Beauty and Virtue in two Treatises. Ed. Wolfgang Leidhold. Indianapolis: Liberty Fund.
  • Kelly, Duncan. (2013). “Adam Smith and the Limits of Sympathy.” The Oxford Handbook of Adam Smith içinde, ed. Christopher J. Berry, Maria Pia Paganelli, Craig Smith, 201-219. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Marshall, David. (1984). “Adam Smith and the Theatricality of Moral Sentiments.” Critical Inquiry, 10, no. 4, 592-613.
  • Müller, Leonardo André Paes. (2016). “The Philosophy of Adam Smith: Imagination and Speculation.” Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne-Paris I.
  • Murteza, Gökhan. (2019). Ahlak, İktisat ve Bilim, Adam Smith Felsefesine Giriş. İstanbul: Pinhan Yayıncılık.
  • Phillipson, Nicholas. (2013). “Adam Smith: A Biographer’s Reflections.” The Oxford Handbook of Adam Smith içinde, ed. Christopher J. Berry, Maria Pia Paganelli, Craig Smith, 23-36. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Rapheal, D.D. (2007). The Impartial Spectator. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • Smith, Adam. (2018). Ahlaki Duygular Kuramı. Çev. Derman Kızılay. İstanbul: Pinhan Yayıncılık.
  • Smith, Adam. (2004). The Theory of Moral Sentiments. Ed. Knud Haakonssen. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Smith, Craig. (2020). Adam Smith, Cambridge: Polity Press.
There are 21 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Philosophy
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Nil Avcı 0000-0002-5989-5895

Publication Date August 6, 2023
Submission Date February 1, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Issue: 77

Cite

APA Avcı, N. (2023). ADAM SMITH’İN AHLAK KURAMINDA HAYAL GÜCÜNÜN ROLÜ. Felsefe Dünyası(77), 165-189. https://doi.org/10.58634/felsefedunyasi.1246255