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A Comparative Evaluation of The Mechanical Properties of PET and Polystyrene Modified Asphaltic Concrete Containing Rice Husk Ash Filler.

Year 2024, Volume: 9 Issue: 1, 84 - 92, 26.03.2024
https://doi.org/10.47481/jscmt.1166150

Abstract

The study evaluated and compared the influence of bitumen modification for sustainable as- phalt using waste plastic (Polyethylene Terephthalate, PET) and waste Polystyrene (PS) at 5–50% modification levels. Rice husk ash (RHA) and desilted sand were used as filler and fine aggregate with crushed granite as coarse aggregate. Tests conducted include; penetration, viscosity, flash point, fire point, specific gravity, ductility and marshal stability test on asphalt. For PET modi- fied-binder a decrease in penetration and ductility was observed while the specific gravity, vis- cosity, flash and fire points of the binder increased. For the PS modified-binder, the penetration, ductility, viscosity and specific gravity decreased with an increase in PS while the flash and fire point increased. Marshall Stability results showed an optimal of 20% PET modification was ade- quate for medium traffic surfaing with stability, flow, density, air void, void in mineral aggregates (VMA), and Void filled with binder (VFB) of 4875N, 3.53 mm, 2.460 g/cm3, 3.30%, 18.20%, and 81.87% respectively. For 10% PS modification content, the stability, flow, density, air void, void in mineral aggregates (VMA), and Void filled with binder (VFB) were found to be 6825N, 3.33 mm, 2.362 g/cm3, 4.52%, 18.21%, and 75.18% respectively which was found to be adequate for heavy traffic surfacing. Hence, it was concluded that the investigated waste plastics could be used in Asphalt pavement courses. If applied, these results could provide low-cost materials for paving roads while also reducing waste-related pollution and environmental issues.

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Project Number

None

Thanks

It is an opportunity to submit our manuscript to your esteemed Journal

References

  • Nchube, L. K., Ude, A. U., Ogunmuyiwa, E. N., Zulkifli, R., & Beas, I. N. (2021). An overview of plastic waste generation and management in food packaging industries. Recycling, 6, 12. [CrossRef]
  • Babayemi, J. O., Nnorom, I. C., Osibanjo, O., Weber, R. (2019). Ensuring sustainability in plastics use in Africa: Consumption, waste generation, and projections. Environ Sci Eur, 31, 60. [CrossRef]
  • Plastics Europe. (2021). Plastics – the Facts 2021. Plastics Europe Market Research Group (PEMRG) and Conversio Market & Strategy GmbH Estimated data. https://plasticseurope.org/knowledge-hub/plastics-the-facts-2021/
  • Kehinde, O., Ramonu, O. J., Babaremu, K. O., & Justin, L. D. (2020). Plastic wastes: Environmental hazard and instrument for wealth creation in Nigeria. Heliyon, 6(10), e05131. [CrossRef]
  • Bolden, J., Abu-Lebdeh, T., & Fini, E. (2013). Utilization of recycled and waste materials in various construction applications. Am J Environ Sci, 9, 1424. [CrossRef]
  • Habeeb, G., & Mahmud, H. (2010). Study on properties of rice husk ash and its use as cement replacement material. Mat Res, 13(2), 185190. [CrossRef]
  • Kapur, P. C., Singh, R., & Srinivasan, J. (1984). Tube-in-basket burner for rice husk. Sādhanā, 7(4), 291300. [CrossRef]
  • Beagle, E. C. (1978). Rice husk conversion to energy. Rome: FAO. Agricultural Services Bulletin No. 31.
  • Arabani, M., & Tahami, S. A. (2017). Assessment of mechanical properties of rice husk ash modified asphalt mixture. Constr Build Mater, 149, 350358. [CrossRef]
  • Ewa, D. E., Ukpata, J. O., Ukam, G. S., & Ogar, A. I. (2020). Suitability of rice mill wastes in asphaltic concrete. J Sci Eng Technol, 7(1), 2634.
  • Jamshidi, A., & White, G. W. (2019). Evaluation of performance and challenges of use of waste materials in pavement construction: A critical review. Appl Sci, 10, 226. [CrossRef]
  • Zoorob, S. E., & Suparma, L. B. (2000). Laboratory design and investigation of the properties of continuously graded asphalt concrete containing recycled plastics aggregate replacement (plastiphalt). Cement Concrete Comp, 22(4), 233242. [CrossRef]
  • Casey, D., McNally, C., Gibney, A. D., & Gilchrist, M. (2008). Development of a recycled polymer modified binder for use in stone mastic asphalt. J Resour Conserv Recycl, 52(10), 11671174. [CrossRef]
  • Sato, Y., Kodera, Y., Goto, J., & Matsui, Y. (2002). Effect of polystyrene addition on the monomer recycling of phenol novolac. Polym Degrad Stab, 78(2), 315322. [CrossRef]
  • Nassar, I. M., Kabel, K. I., & Ibrahim, I. M. (2012). Evaluation of the effect of waste polystyrene on performance of asphalt binder. ARPN J Sci Technol, 2(10), 927935.
  • Imene, B., Sami, B., & Mohamed, B. (2007). A technique for purifying wastewater with polymeric flocculent produced from waste plastic. Desalination, 204, 198–203. [CrossRef]
  • Mousa, B. B., Raed, A., Taisir, K., & Zaydoun, A. (2016). Production of sustainable asphalt mixes using recycled polystyrene. Int J Appl Environ Sci, 11(1), 183192.
  • Murana, A. A., Akilu, K., & Olowosulu, A. T. (2020). Use of expanded polystyrene from disposable food pack as a modifier for bitumen in hot mix asphalt. Niger J Technol, 39(4), 10211028. [CrossRef]
  • Babayemi, J. O., Ogundiran, M. B., Weber, R., & Osibanjo, O. (2018). Initial inventory of plastics imports in Nigeria as a basis for more sustainable management policies. J Health Pollut, 8(18), 180601. [CrossRef]
  • ASTM C136 / C136M-19. (2019). Standard test method for sieve analysis of fine and coarse aggregates. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.
  • ASTM C128-15. (2015). Standard test method for relative density (specific gravity) and absorption of fine aggregate. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.
  • ASTM D5874-16. (2016). Standard test methods for determination of the impact value (IV) of a soil. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.
  • ASTM D5. (2006). Standard test method for determining penetration grade of bituminous materials. American Society for Testing and Material (ASTM), Philadelphia, USA.
  • ASTM D70. (2001). Standard test method for determining specific gravity of bituminous materials. American Society for Testing and Material (ASTM), Philadelphia, USA.
  • ASTM D92. (2018). Standard test method for flash and fire points by Cleveland open cup tester. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.
  • ASTM D4402 / D4402M-15. (2015). Standard test method for viscosity determination of asphalt at elevated temperatures using a rotational viscometer. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.
  • ASTM D113. (2017). Standard test method for ductility of asphalt materials. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.
  • ASTM D6927-15. (2015). Standard test method for Marshall stability and flow of asphalt mixtures. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.
  • IRC:111-2009. Specifications for dense graded bituminous mixes. Indian Road Congress.
  • Elmohr, A. I., Radwan, L. S., El Refaey, M., & Zakaria, M. (2018). Laboratory performance of stone matrix asphalt mixtures containing recycled asphalt pavements. Life Sci J, 15(8), 19.
  • Ahmadinia, E., Zargar, M., Karim, M. R., Abdelaziz, M., & Ahmadinia, E. (2012). Performance evaluation of utilization of waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) in stone mastic asphalt. Constr Build Mater, 36, 984989. [CrossRef]
  • Ramesh, K. G., Bharani, S., & Sujith Kumar, R. S. (2017). Partial replacement of bitumen by waste plastic and polypropylene in road construction. Int J Current Eng Sci Res, 4(11), 5764.
  • Rahman, M. N., Ahmeduzzaman, M., Sobhan, M. A., & Ahmed, T. U. (2013). Performance evaluation of waste polyethylene and PVC on hot asphalt mixtures. Am J Civ Eng Archit, 1(5), 97102. [CrossRef]
  • Akinleye, M. T., Jimoh, Y. A., & Laoye, A. A. (2020). Performance characteristics models of properties of dissolved plastic bottles modified bitumen for hot mix asphalt. Glob J Eng Technol Adv, 2020, 3(2), 19–27. [CrossRef]
  • Rasool, D. A., Fahad, B. M., & Awaeed, K. M. (2015). Utilization of waste plastic water bottle as a modifier for asphalt mixture properties. https://www.iasj.net/iasj?func=fulltext&aId=9919
  • Jegatheesan, N., Rengarasu, T. M., & Wasala Bandara, W. M. K. R. T. (2018). Effect of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibres as binder additive in hot mix asphalt concrete. Annual Sessions of IESL. The Institution of Engineers, Sri Lanka.
  • Aliyu, A., Usman, J., Kaura, M., Ashiru, M., & Kingsley, I. (2015). Polyethylene from water sachet as a modifier in hot asphalt mixture. Department of Civil Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
Year 2024, Volume: 9 Issue: 1, 84 - 92, 26.03.2024
https://doi.org/10.47481/jscmt.1166150

Abstract

Project Number

None

References

  • Nchube, L. K., Ude, A. U., Ogunmuyiwa, E. N., Zulkifli, R., & Beas, I. N. (2021). An overview of plastic waste generation and management in food packaging industries. Recycling, 6, 12. [CrossRef]
  • Babayemi, J. O., Nnorom, I. C., Osibanjo, O., Weber, R. (2019). Ensuring sustainability in plastics use in Africa: Consumption, waste generation, and projections. Environ Sci Eur, 31, 60. [CrossRef]
  • Plastics Europe. (2021). Plastics – the Facts 2021. Plastics Europe Market Research Group (PEMRG) and Conversio Market & Strategy GmbH Estimated data. https://plasticseurope.org/knowledge-hub/plastics-the-facts-2021/
  • Kehinde, O., Ramonu, O. J., Babaremu, K. O., & Justin, L. D. (2020). Plastic wastes: Environmental hazard and instrument for wealth creation in Nigeria. Heliyon, 6(10), e05131. [CrossRef]
  • Bolden, J., Abu-Lebdeh, T., & Fini, E. (2013). Utilization of recycled and waste materials in various construction applications. Am J Environ Sci, 9, 1424. [CrossRef]
  • Habeeb, G., & Mahmud, H. (2010). Study on properties of rice husk ash and its use as cement replacement material. Mat Res, 13(2), 185190. [CrossRef]
  • Kapur, P. C., Singh, R., & Srinivasan, J. (1984). Tube-in-basket burner for rice husk. Sādhanā, 7(4), 291300. [CrossRef]
  • Beagle, E. C. (1978). Rice husk conversion to energy. Rome: FAO. Agricultural Services Bulletin No. 31.
  • Arabani, M., & Tahami, S. A. (2017). Assessment of mechanical properties of rice husk ash modified asphalt mixture. Constr Build Mater, 149, 350358. [CrossRef]
  • Ewa, D. E., Ukpata, J. O., Ukam, G. S., & Ogar, A. I. (2020). Suitability of rice mill wastes in asphaltic concrete. J Sci Eng Technol, 7(1), 2634.
  • Jamshidi, A., & White, G. W. (2019). Evaluation of performance and challenges of use of waste materials in pavement construction: A critical review. Appl Sci, 10, 226. [CrossRef]
  • Zoorob, S. E., & Suparma, L. B. (2000). Laboratory design and investigation of the properties of continuously graded asphalt concrete containing recycled plastics aggregate replacement (plastiphalt). Cement Concrete Comp, 22(4), 233242. [CrossRef]
  • Casey, D., McNally, C., Gibney, A. D., & Gilchrist, M. (2008). Development of a recycled polymer modified binder for use in stone mastic asphalt. J Resour Conserv Recycl, 52(10), 11671174. [CrossRef]
  • Sato, Y., Kodera, Y., Goto, J., & Matsui, Y. (2002). Effect of polystyrene addition on the monomer recycling of phenol novolac. Polym Degrad Stab, 78(2), 315322. [CrossRef]
  • Nassar, I. M., Kabel, K. I., & Ibrahim, I. M. (2012). Evaluation of the effect of waste polystyrene on performance of asphalt binder. ARPN J Sci Technol, 2(10), 927935.
  • Imene, B., Sami, B., & Mohamed, B. (2007). A technique for purifying wastewater with polymeric flocculent produced from waste plastic. Desalination, 204, 198–203. [CrossRef]
  • Mousa, B. B., Raed, A., Taisir, K., & Zaydoun, A. (2016). Production of sustainable asphalt mixes using recycled polystyrene. Int J Appl Environ Sci, 11(1), 183192.
  • Murana, A. A., Akilu, K., & Olowosulu, A. T. (2020). Use of expanded polystyrene from disposable food pack as a modifier for bitumen in hot mix asphalt. Niger J Technol, 39(4), 10211028. [CrossRef]
  • Babayemi, J. O., Ogundiran, M. B., Weber, R., & Osibanjo, O. (2018). Initial inventory of plastics imports in Nigeria as a basis for more sustainable management policies. J Health Pollut, 8(18), 180601. [CrossRef]
  • ASTM C136 / C136M-19. (2019). Standard test method for sieve analysis of fine and coarse aggregates. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.
  • ASTM C128-15. (2015). Standard test method for relative density (specific gravity) and absorption of fine aggregate. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.
  • ASTM D5874-16. (2016). Standard test methods for determination of the impact value (IV) of a soil. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.
  • ASTM D5. (2006). Standard test method for determining penetration grade of bituminous materials. American Society for Testing and Material (ASTM), Philadelphia, USA.
  • ASTM D70. (2001). Standard test method for determining specific gravity of bituminous materials. American Society for Testing and Material (ASTM), Philadelphia, USA.
  • ASTM D92. (2018). Standard test method for flash and fire points by Cleveland open cup tester. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.
  • ASTM D4402 / D4402M-15. (2015). Standard test method for viscosity determination of asphalt at elevated temperatures using a rotational viscometer. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.
  • ASTM D113. (2017). Standard test method for ductility of asphalt materials. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.
  • ASTM D6927-15. (2015). Standard test method for Marshall stability and flow of asphalt mixtures. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.
  • IRC:111-2009. Specifications for dense graded bituminous mixes. Indian Road Congress.
  • Elmohr, A. I., Radwan, L. S., El Refaey, M., & Zakaria, M. (2018). Laboratory performance of stone matrix asphalt mixtures containing recycled asphalt pavements. Life Sci J, 15(8), 19.
  • Ahmadinia, E., Zargar, M., Karim, M. R., Abdelaziz, M., & Ahmadinia, E. (2012). Performance evaluation of utilization of waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) in stone mastic asphalt. Constr Build Mater, 36, 984989. [CrossRef]
  • Ramesh, K. G., Bharani, S., & Sujith Kumar, R. S. (2017). Partial replacement of bitumen by waste plastic and polypropylene in road construction. Int J Current Eng Sci Res, 4(11), 5764.
  • Rahman, M. N., Ahmeduzzaman, M., Sobhan, M. A., & Ahmed, T. U. (2013). Performance evaluation of waste polyethylene and PVC on hot asphalt mixtures. Am J Civ Eng Archit, 1(5), 97102. [CrossRef]
  • Akinleye, M. T., Jimoh, Y. A., & Laoye, A. A. (2020). Performance characteristics models of properties of dissolved plastic bottles modified bitumen for hot mix asphalt. Glob J Eng Technol Adv, 2020, 3(2), 19–27. [CrossRef]
  • Rasool, D. A., Fahad, B. M., & Awaeed, K. M. (2015). Utilization of waste plastic water bottle as a modifier for asphalt mixture properties. https://www.iasj.net/iasj?func=fulltext&aId=9919
  • Jegatheesan, N., Rengarasu, T. M., & Wasala Bandara, W. M. K. R. T. (2018). Effect of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibres as binder additive in hot mix asphalt concrete. Annual Sessions of IESL. The Institution of Engineers, Sri Lanka.
  • Aliyu, A., Usman, J., Kaura, M., Ashiru, M., & Kingsley, I. (2015). Polyethylene from water sachet as a modifier in hot asphalt mixture. Department of Civil Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
There are 37 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Civil Engineering
Journal Section Case Report
Authors

Desmond Ewa

Joseph Ukpata This is me

Anderson Etika This is me

Enang Egbe This is me

Alorye Iduku This is me

Project Number None
Early Pub Date March 26, 2024
Publication Date March 26, 2024
Submission Date August 24, 2022
Acceptance Date January 21, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 9 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Ewa, D., Ukpata, J., Etika, A., Egbe, E., et al. (2024). A Comparative Evaluation of The Mechanical Properties of PET and Polystyrene Modified Asphaltic Concrete Containing Rice Husk Ash Filler. Journal of Sustainable Construction Materials and Technologies, 9(1), 84-92. https://doi.org/10.47481/jscmt.1166150

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Journal of Sustainable Construction Materials and Technologies is open access journal under the CC BY-NC license  (Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License)

Based on a work at https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/jscmt

E-mail: jscmt@yildiz.edu.tr