Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

COVID-19 Pandemisi Sırasında Tıp Fakültesi Öğrencilerinde Anksiyete Prevalansı ve Anksiyetenin Başa Çıkma Stilleri ve İlgili Faktörler ile İlişkisi

Year 2022, Volume: 12 Issue: 3, 403 - 415, 29.09.2022
https://doi.org/10.31832/smj.1115755

Abstract

Amaç: Coronavirus Hastalığı-19 (COVID-19) pandemisi sırasında tıp fakültesi öğrencilerinin anksiyete prevalansını, ayrıca “klinik olarak anlamlı anksiyete”nin başa çıkma stilleri ve seçilmiş özellikler ile ilişkisini araştırmaktır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: 713 tıp fakültesi öğrencisini değerlendirmek için çevrimiçi bir anket yapıldı. Anket sosyodemografik veriler, seçilmiş özelliklerin değerlendirildiği itemler, Yaygın Anksiyete Bozukluğu-7 (YAB-7) Ölçeği, Başa Çıkma Stilleri Ölçeği Kısa Formu (BÇSÖ-KF) alt bölümlerini içermekteydi.
Bulgular: 713 katılımcının 285 (%39,97)‘i normal, 261 (%36,61)’i hafif, 123 (%17,25)’i orta, 44 (%6,17)’ü ciddi seviyede anksiyeteye sahipti. Katılımcıların 167 (%23,42)’sinin YAB-7 skorları ≥ 10'du, böylece “klinik olarak anlamlı anksiyete”ye sahipti ve bu kişilerin YAB bakımından klinik değerlendirmeye ihtiyacı vardı. Kadın ve daha küçük yaşta olmak anlamlı klinik anksiyete ile ilişkiliydi. İşlevsel olmayan (inefektif) başa çıkma stillerinden olan duygulara odaklanma ve ortaya koyma, madde kullanımı, davranışsal olarak ilgiyi kesme ve zihinsel olarak ilgiyi kesme ve problem odaklı başa çıkma stillerinden olan diğer etkinlikleri bırakmayı daha fazla benimseme klinik olarak anlamlı anksiyete üzerinde öngördürücüydü. Aksine, “klinik olarak anlamlı kaygısı” olmayanlar, problem odaklı olan araçsal sosyal destek kullanımı ve planlama ile duygusal odaklı olan olumlu yeniden yorumlama ve kabullenme başa çıkma stillerini daha fazla benimsemiştir.
Sonuç: Bulgularımız, dünya çapında toplum üzerinde büyük etkileri olan bir felaketle savaşırken tıp fakültesi öğrencilerinin mental refahını korumak için dikkate alınması gereken faktörleri ve işlevsel olabilecek başa çıkma stillerini vurgulamaktadır.

References

  • 1. World Health Organization: Coronavirus (COVID-19). 2020, April 4. (Accessed July 30, 2020). Available at: https://experience.arcgis.com/experience/685d0ace521648f8a5beeeee1b9125c
  • 2. DeLongis A, Folkman S, Lazarus RS. The impact of daily stress on health and mood: psychological and social resources as mediators. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1988;54(3):486-495. doi:10.1037//0022-3514.54.3.486
  • 3. Kendler KS, Karkowski LM, Prescott CA. Stressful life events and major depression: risk period, long-term contextual threat, and diagnostic specificity. J Nerv Ment Dis. 1998;186(11):661-669. doi:10.1097/00005053-199811000-00001
  • 4. Cheng C, Tang CS. The psychology behind the masks: Psychological responses to the severe acute respiratory syndrome outbreak in different regions. Asian J Soc Psychol. 2004;7(1):3-7. doi:10.1111/j.1467-839X.2004.00130.x
  • 5. Leppin A, Aro AR. Risk perceptions related to SARS and avian influenza: theoretical foundations of current empirical research. Int J Behav Med. 2009;16(1):7-29. doi:10.1007/s12529-008-9002-8
  • 6. Jeong H, Yim HW, Song YJ, Ki M, Min JA, Cho J, et al. Mental health status of people isolated due to Middle East Respiratory Syndrome. Epidemiol Health. 2016;38:e2016048. Published 2016 Nov 5. doi:10.4178/epih.e2016048
  • 7. Pan X, Ojcius DM, Gao T, Li Z, Pan C, Pan C. Lessons learned from the 2019-nCoV epidemic on prevention of future infectious diseases. Microbes Infect. 2020;22(2):86-91. doi:10.1016/j.micinf.2020.02.004
  • 8. Wang C, Horby PW, Hayden FG, Gao GF. A novel coronavirus outbreak of global health concern [published correction appears in Lancet. 2020 Jan 29;:]. Lancet. 2020;395(10223):470-473. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30185-9
  • 9. Xiao C. A Novel Approach of Consultation on 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19)-Related Psychological and Mental Problems: Structured Letter Therapy. Psychiatry Investig. 2020;17(2):175-176. doi:10.30773/pi.2020.0047
  • 10. Duan L, Zhu G. Psychological interventions for people affected by the COVID-19 epidemic. Lancet Psychiatry. 2020;7(4):300-302. doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30073-0
  • 11. Chen Q, Liang M, Li Y, Guo J, Fei D, Wang L, et al. Mental health care for medical staff in China during the COVID-19 outbreak [published correction appears in Lancet Psychiatry. 2020 May;7(5):e27]. Lancet Psychiatry. 2020;7(4):e15-e16. doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30078-X
  • 12. Zhou SJ, Zhang LG, Wang LL, Guo ZC, Wang JQ, Chen JC, et al. Prevalence and socio-demographic correlates of psychological health problems in Chinese adolescents during the outbreak of COVID-19. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2020;29(6):749-758. doi:10.1007/s00787-020-01541-4
  • 13. Wang C, Pan R, Wan X, Tan Y, Xu L, Ho C, et al. Immediate Psychological Responses and Associated Factors during the Initial Stage of the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Epidemic among the General Population in China. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(5):1729. Published 2020 Mar 6. doi:10.3390/ijerph17051729
  • 14. Cao W, Fang Z, Hou G, Han M, Xu X, Dong J, et al. The psychological impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on college students in China. Psychiatry Res. 2020;287:112934. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112934
  • 15. Liu J, Zhu Q, Fan W, Makamure J, Zheng C, Wang J. Online Mental Health Survey in a Medical College in China During the COVID-19 Outbreak [published correction appears in Front Psychiatry. 2020 Aug 14;11:845]. Front Psychiatry. 2020;11:459. Published 2020 May 13. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00459
  • 16. Lin Y, Hu Z, Alias H, Wong LP. Influence of Mass and Social Media on Psychobehavioral Responses Among Medical Students During the Downward Trend of COVID-19 in Fujian, China: Cross-Sectional Study. J Med Internet Res. 2020;22(7):e19982. Published 2020 Jul 20. doi:10.2196/19982
  • 17. Johnson SU, Ulvenes PG, Øktedalen T, Hoffart A. Psychometric Properties of the General Anxiety Disorder 7-Item (GAD-7) Scale in a Heterogeneous Psychiatric Sample. Front Psychol. 2019;10:1713. Published 2019 Aug 6. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01713
  • 18. Moreno E, Muñoz-Navarro R, Medrano LA, González-Blanch C, Ruiz-Rodríguez P, Limonero JT, et al. Factorial invariance of a computerized version of the GAD-7 across various demographic groups and over time in primary care patients. J Affect Disord. 2019;252:114-121. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2019.04.032
  • 19. Guo J, Feng XL, Wang XH, van IJzendoorn MH. Coping with COVID-19: Exposure to COVID-19 and Negative Impact on Livelihood Predict Elevated Mental Health Problems in Chinese Adults. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(11):3857. Published 2020 May 29. doi:10.3390/ijerph17113857
  • 20. Zhu J, Sun L, Zhang L, Wang H, Fan A, Yang B, et al. Prevalence and Influencing Factors of Anxiety and Depression Symptoms in the First-Line Medical Staff Fighting Against COVID-19 in Gansu. Front Psychiatry. 2020;11:386. Published 2020 Apr 29. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00386
  • 21. Wong TW, Yau JK, Chan CL, Kwong RS, Ho SM, Lau CC, et al. The psychological impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome outbreak on healthcare workers in emergency departments and how they cope. Eur J Emerg Med. 2005;12(1):13-18. doi:10.1097/00063110-200502000-00005
  • 22. Main A, Zhou Q, Ma Y, Luecken LJ, Liu X. Relations of SARS-related stressors and coping to Chinese college students' psychological adjustment during the 2003 Beijing SARS epidemic. J Couns Psychol. 2011;58(3):410-423. doi:10.1037/a0023632
  • 23. Salman M, Asif N, Mustafa ZU, Khan TM, Shehzadi N, Tahir H, et al. Psychological Impairment and Coping Strategies during the COVID-19 Pandemic among Students in Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Analysis [published online ahead of print, 2020 Oct 22]. Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2020;1-22. doi:10.1017/dmp.2020.397
  • 24. Spitzer RL, Kroenke K, Williams JB, Löwe B. A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: the GAD-7. Arch Intern Med. 2006;166(10):1092-1097. doi:10.1001/archinte.166.10.1092
  • 25. Konkan R, ŞENORMANCI Ö, Güçlü O, Aydin E, Sungur MZ, et al. Yaygın Anksiyete Bozukluğu-7 (YAB-7) Testi Türkçe Uyarlaması, Geçerlik ve Güvenirliği. Noro Psikiyatr Ars. 2013; 50(1). doi:10.4274/npa.y6308
  • 26. Carver CS. You want to measure coping but your protocol's too long: consider the brief COPE. Int J Behav Med. 1997;4(1):92-100. doi:10.1207/s15327558ijbm0401_6
  • 27. Carver CS, Scheier MF, Weintraub JK. Assessing coping strategies: a theoretically based approach. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1989;56(2):267-283. doi:10.1037//0022-3514.56.2.267
  • 28. Bacanli H, Surucu M, Ilhan T. An Investigation of Psychometric Properties of Coping Styles Scale Brief Form: A Study of Validity and Reliability. Educational Sciences: Theory and Practice. 2013;13(1):90-96.
  • 29. Mei SL, Yu JX, He BW, Li JY, et al. Psychological investigation of university students in a university in Jilin province. Med Soc (Berkeley). 2011;24(05):84–86.
  • 30. Cornine A. Reducing Nursing Student Anxiety in the Clinical Setting: An Integrative Review. Nurs Educ Perspect. 2020;41(4):229-234. doi:10.1097/01.NEP.0000000000000633
  • 31. Cellini N, Canale N, Mioni G, Costa S. Changes in sleep pattern, sense of time and digital media use during COVID-19 lockdown in Italy. J Sleep Res. 2020;29(4):e13074. doi:10.1111/jsr.13074
  • 32. Leung GM, Ho LM, Chan SK, Ho SY, Bacon-Shone J, Choy RY, et al. Longitudinal assessment of community psychobehavioral responses during and after the 2003 outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong. Clin Infect Dis. 2005;40(12):1713-1720. doi:10.1086/429923
  • 33. Sögüt S, Dolu İ, Cangöl E. The relationship between COVID-19 knowledge levels and anxiety states of midwifery students during the outbreak: A cross-sectional web-based survey [published online ahead of print, 2020 Jun 14]. Perspect Psychiatr Care. 2020;10.1111/ppc.12555. doi:10.1111/ppc.12555
  • 34. Naser AY, Dahmash EZ, Al-Rousan R, Alwafi H, Alrawashdeh HM, Ghoul I, et al. Mental health status of the general population, healthcare professionals, and university students during 2019 coronavirus disease outbreak in Jordan: A cross-sectional study. Brain Behav. 2020;10(8):e01730. doi:10.1002/brb3.1730
  • 35. Temsah MH, Al-Sohime F, Alamro N, Al-Eyadhy A, Al-Hasan K, Jamal A., et al. The psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic on health care workers in a MERS-CoV endemic country [published correction appears in J Infect Public Health. 2020 Oct;13(10):1599]. J Infect Public Health. 2020;13(6):877-882. doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2020.05.021
  • 36. Fu W, Wang C, Zou L, Guo Y, Lu Z, Yan S, et al. Psychological health, sleep quality, and coping styles to stress facing the COVID-19 in Wuhan, China. Transl Psychiatry. 2020;10(1):225. Published 2020 Jul 9. doi:10.1038/s41398-020-00913-3
  • 37. Zhang C, Yang L, Liu S, Ma S, Wang Y, Cai Z, et al. Survey of Insomnia and Related Social Psychological Factors Among Medical Staff Involved in the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease Outbreak. Front Psychiatry. 2020;11:306. Published 2020 Apr 14. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00306
  • 38. Kirwan M, Pickett SM, Jarrett NL. Emotion regulation as a moderator between anxiety symptoms and insomnia symptom severity. Psychiatry Res. 2017;254:40-47. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2017.04.028
  • 39. Yin-xia, B. A. I., GEGENTUYA, H., Hu, L. I. U., Zhen-Hua W, Wen-Rui W, Zhi-Gang NG. Correlation Between Psychological Changes of The Community Cro wd and The Social Support in Grave Public Health Event [J]. Nei Moivgol Medical Journal. 2005;4.
  • 40. Peng L, Zhang J, Li M, Li P, Zhang Y, Zuo X,et al. Negative life events and mental health of Chinese medical students: the effect of resilience, personality and social support. Psychiatry Res. 2012;196(1):138-141. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2011.12.006
  • 41. Bai Y, Lin CC, Lin CY, Chen JY, Chue CM, Chou P. Survey of stress reactions among health care workers involved with the SARS outbreak. Psychiatr Serv. 2004;55(9):1055-1057. doi:10.1176/appi.ps.55.9.1055
  • 42. Huang Y, Zhao N. Generalized anxiety disorder, depressive symptoms and sleep quality during COVID-19 outbreak in China: a web-based cross-sectional survey. Psychiatry Res. 2020;288:112954. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112954
  • 43. Snyder CM, Fauth E, Wanzek J, Piercy KW, Norton MC, Corcoran C, et al. Dementia caregivers' coping strategies and their relationship to health and well-being: the Cache County Study. Aging Ment Health. 2015;19(5):390-399. doi:10.1080/13607863.2014.939610
  • 44. Holz NE, Boecker R, Jennen-Steinmetz C, Buchmann AF, Blomeyer D, Baumeister S, et al. Positive coping styles and perigenual ACC volume: two related mechanisms for conferring resilience?. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci. 2016;11(5):813-820. doi:10.1093/scan/nsw005
  • 45. Adams RE, Boscarino JA, Galea S. Social and psychological resources and health outcomes after the World Trade Center disaster. Soc Sci Med. 2006;62(1):176-188. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2005.05.008

Prevalence of Anxiety and Relationship of Anxiety with Coping Styles and Related Factors in Medical Students During COVID-19 Pandemic

Year 2022, Volume: 12 Issue: 3, 403 - 415, 29.09.2022
https://doi.org/10.31832/smj.1115755

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of anxiety in medical school students during the (Coronavirus Disease-19) COVID-19 outbreak, as well as the relationship between “clinically significant anxiety” and coping styles and selected features.
Materials and Methods: An online questionnaire was performed to evaluate 713 medical school students. The questionnaire included the subsections of sociodemographic data, items evaluating selected features, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) Scale and Coping Styles Scale Brief Form (The Brief COPE).
Results: Of the 713 participants, 285 (39,97%) were normal, 261 (36,61%) were mild, 123 (17,25%) were moderate, and 44 (6,17%) had severe anxiety. 167 (23,42%) of the participants had GAD-7 scores ≥ 10, so they had a "clinically significant anxiety" and these individuals needed clinical evaluation in terms of GAD. Being female and younger was associated with significant clinical anxiety.
More adoption of the ineffective coping strategies such as focus on and venting of emotions, substance use, behavioral disengagement, mental disengagement, and the problem-focused coping strategies such as suppression of competing activities are considered predictors of “clinically significant anxiety”. On the contrary, those who did not have “clinically significant anxiety” have more adopted problem-focused styles such as planning and using instrumental social support, and emotional-focused styles such as positive reinterpretation and acceptance.
Conclusion: Our results emphasize the factors and functional coping styles that should be considered to protect the mental health of medical school students while fighting a disaster that has a major impact on society worldwide.

References

  • 1. World Health Organization: Coronavirus (COVID-19). 2020, April 4. (Accessed July 30, 2020). Available at: https://experience.arcgis.com/experience/685d0ace521648f8a5beeeee1b9125c
  • 2. DeLongis A, Folkman S, Lazarus RS. The impact of daily stress on health and mood: psychological and social resources as mediators. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1988;54(3):486-495. doi:10.1037//0022-3514.54.3.486
  • 3. Kendler KS, Karkowski LM, Prescott CA. Stressful life events and major depression: risk period, long-term contextual threat, and diagnostic specificity. J Nerv Ment Dis. 1998;186(11):661-669. doi:10.1097/00005053-199811000-00001
  • 4. Cheng C, Tang CS. The psychology behind the masks: Psychological responses to the severe acute respiratory syndrome outbreak in different regions. Asian J Soc Psychol. 2004;7(1):3-7. doi:10.1111/j.1467-839X.2004.00130.x
  • 5. Leppin A, Aro AR. Risk perceptions related to SARS and avian influenza: theoretical foundations of current empirical research. Int J Behav Med. 2009;16(1):7-29. doi:10.1007/s12529-008-9002-8
  • 6. Jeong H, Yim HW, Song YJ, Ki M, Min JA, Cho J, et al. Mental health status of people isolated due to Middle East Respiratory Syndrome. Epidemiol Health. 2016;38:e2016048. Published 2016 Nov 5. doi:10.4178/epih.e2016048
  • 7. Pan X, Ojcius DM, Gao T, Li Z, Pan C, Pan C. Lessons learned from the 2019-nCoV epidemic on prevention of future infectious diseases. Microbes Infect. 2020;22(2):86-91. doi:10.1016/j.micinf.2020.02.004
  • 8. Wang C, Horby PW, Hayden FG, Gao GF. A novel coronavirus outbreak of global health concern [published correction appears in Lancet. 2020 Jan 29;:]. Lancet. 2020;395(10223):470-473. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30185-9
  • 9. Xiao C. A Novel Approach of Consultation on 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19)-Related Psychological and Mental Problems: Structured Letter Therapy. Psychiatry Investig. 2020;17(2):175-176. doi:10.30773/pi.2020.0047
  • 10. Duan L, Zhu G. Psychological interventions for people affected by the COVID-19 epidemic. Lancet Psychiatry. 2020;7(4):300-302. doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30073-0
  • 11. Chen Q, Liang M, Li Y, Guo J, Fei D, Wang L, et al. Mental health care for medical staff in China during the COVID-19 outbreak [published correction appears in Lancet Psychiatry. 2020 May;7(5):e27]. Lancet Psychiatry. 2020;7(4):e15-e16. doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30078-X
  • 12. Zhou SJ, Zhang LG, Wang LL, Guo ZC, Wang JQ, Chen JC, et al. Prevalence and socio-demographic correlates of psychological health problems in Chinese adolescents during the outbreak of COVID-19. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2020;29(6):749-758. doi:10.1007/s00787-020-01541-4
  • 13. Wang C, Pan R, Wan X, Tan Y, Xu L, Ho C, et al. Immediate Psychological Responses and Associated Factors during the Initial Stage of the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Epidemic among the General Population in China. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(5):1729. Published 2020 Mar 6. doi:10.3390/ijerph17051729
  • 14. Cao W, Fang Z, Hou G, Han M, Xu X, Dong J, et al. The psychological impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on college students in China. Psychiatry Res. 2020;287:112934. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112934
  • 15. Liu J, Zhu Q, Fan W, Makamure J, Zheng C, Wang J. Online Mental Health Survey in a Medical College in China During the COVID-19 Outbreak [published correction appears in Front Psychiatry. 2020 Aug 14;11:845]. Front Psychiatry. 2020;11:459. Published 2020 May 13. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00459
  • 16. Lin Y, Hu Z, Alias H, Wong LP. Influence of Mass and Social Media on Psychobehavioral Responses Among Medical Students During the Downward Trend of COVID-19 in Fujian, China: Cross-Sectional Study. J Med Internet Res. 2020;22(7):e19982. Published 2020 Jul 20. doi:10.2196/19982
  • 17. Johnson SU, Ulvenes PG, Øktedalen T, Hoffart A. Psychometric Properties of the General Anxiety Disorder 7-Item (GAD-7) Scale in a Heterogeneous Psychiatric Sample. Front Psychol. 2019;10:1713. Published 2019 Aug 6. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01713
  • 18. Moreno E, Muñoz-Navarro R, Medrano LA, González-Blanch C, Ruiz-Rodríguez P, Limonero JT, et al. Factorial invariance of a computerized version of the GAD-7 across various demographic groups and over time in primary care patients. J Affect Disord. 2019;252:114-121. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2019.04.032
  • 19. Guo J, Feng XL, Wang XH, van IJzendoorn MH. Coping with COVID-19: Exposure to COVID-19 and Negative Impact on Livelihood Predict Elevated Mental Health Problems in Chinese Adults. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(11):3857. Published 2020 May 29. doi:10.3390/ijerph17113857
  • 20. Zhu J, Sun L, Zhang L, Wang H, Fan A, Yang B, et al. Prevalence and Influencing Factors of Anxiety and Depression Symptoms in the First-Line Medical Staff Fighting Against COVID-19 in Gansu. Front Psychiatry. 2020;11:386. Published 2020 Apr 29. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00386
  • 21. Wong TW, Yau JK, Chan CL, Kwong RS, Ho SM, Lau CC, et al. The psychological impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome outbreak on healthcare workers in emergency departments and how they cope. Eur J Emerg Med. 2005;12(1):13-18. doi:10.1097/00063110-200502000-00005
  • 22. Main A, Zhou Q, Ma Y, Luecken LJ, Liu X. Relations of SARS-related stressors and coping to Chinese college students' psychological adjustment during the 2003 Beijing SARS epidemic. J Couns Psychol. 2011;58(3):410-423. doi:10.1037/a0023632
  • 23. Salman M, Asif N, Mustafa ZU, Khan TM, Shehzadi N, Tahir H, et al. Psychological Impairment and Coping Strategies during the COVID-19 Pandemic among Students in Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Analysis [published online ahead of print, 2020 Oct 22]. Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2020;1-22. doi:10.1017/dmp.2020.397
  • 24. Spitzer RL, Kroenke K, Williams JB, Löwe B. A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: the GAD-7. Arch Intern Med. 2006;166(10):1092-1097. doi:10.1001/archinte.166.10.1092
  • 25. Konkan R, ŞENORMANCI Ö, Güçlü O, Aydin E, Sungur MZ, et al. Yaygın Anksiyete Bozukluğu-7 (YAB-7) Testi Türkçe Uyarlaması, Geçerlik ve Güvenirliği. Noro Psikiyatr Ars. 2013; 50(1). doi:10.4274/npa.y6308
  • 26. Carver CS. You want to measure coping but your protocol's too long: consider the brief COPE. Int J Behav Med. 1997;4(1):92-100. doi:10.1207/s15327558ijbm0401_6
  • 27. Carver CS, Scheier MF, Weintraub JK. Assessing coping strategies: a theoretically based approach. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1989;56(2):267-283. doi:10.1037//0022-3514.56.2.267
  • 28. Bacanli H, Surucu M, Ilhan T. An Investigation of Psychometric Properties of Coping Styles Scale Brief Form: A Study of Validity and Reliability. Educational Sciences: Theory and Practice. 2013;13(1):90-96.
  • 29. Mei SL, Yu JX, He BW, Li JY, et al. Psychological investigation of university students in a university in Jilin province. Med Soc (Berkeley). 2011;24(05):84–86.
  • 30. Cornine A. Reducing Nursing Student Anxiety in the Clinical Setting: An Integrative Review. Nurs Educ Perspect. 2020;41(4):229-234. doi:10.1097/01.NEP.0000000000000633
  • 31. Cellini N, Canale N, Mioni G, Costa S. Changes in sleep pattern, sense of time and digital media use during COVID-19 lockdown in Italy. J Sleep Res. 2020;29(4):e13074. doi:10.1111/jsr.13074
  • 32. Leung GM, Ho LM, Chan SK, Ho SY, Bacon-Shone J, Choy RY, et al. Longitudinal assessment of community psychobehavioral responses during and after the 2003 outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong. Clin Infect Dis. 2005;40(12):1713-1720. doi:10.1086/429923
  • 33. Sögüt S, Dolu İ, Cangöl E. The relationship between COVID-19 knowledge levels and anxiety states of midwifery students during the outbreak: A cross-sectional web-based survey [published online ahead of print, 2020 Jun 14]. Perspect Psychiatr Care. 2020;10.1111/ppc.12555. doi:10.1111/ppc.12555
  • 34. Naser AY, Dahmash EZ, Al-Rousan R, Alwafi H, Alrawashdeh HM, Ghoul I, et al. Mental health status of the general population, healthcare professionals, and university students during 2019 coronavirus disease outbreak in Jordan: A cross-sectional study. Brain Behav. 2020;10(8):e01730. doi:10.1002/brb3.1730
  • 35. Temsah MH, Al-Sohime F, Alamro N, Al-Eyadhy A, Al-Hasan K, Jamal A., et al. The psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic on health care workers in a MERS-CoV endemic country [published correction appears in J Infect Public Health. 2020 Oct;13(10):1599]. J Infect Public Health. 2020;13(6):877-882. doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2020.05.021
  • 36. Fu W, Wang C, Zou L, Guo Y, Lu Z, Yan S, et al. Psychological health, sleep quality, and coping styles to stress facing the COVID-19 in Wuhan, China. Transl Psychiatry. 2020;10(1):225. Published 2020 Jul 9. doi:10.1038/s41398-020-00913-3
  • 37. Zhang C, Yang L, Liu S, Ma S, Wang Y, Cai Z, et al. Survey of Insomnia and Related Social Psychological Factors Among Medical Staff Involved in the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease Outbreak. Front Psychiatry. 2020;11:306. Published 2020 Apr 14. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00306
  • 38. Kirwan M, Pickett SM, Jarrett NL. Emotion regulation as a moderator between anxiety symptoms and insomnia symptom severity. Psychiatry Res. 2017;254:40-47. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2017.04.028
  • 39. Yin-xia, B. A. I., GEGENTUYA, H., Hu, L. I. U., Zhen-Hua W, Wen-Rui W, Zhi-Gang NG. Correlation Between Psychological Changes of The Community Cro wd and The Social Support in Grave Public Health Event [J]. Nei Moivgol Medical Journal. 2005;4.
  • 40. Peng L, Zhang J, Li M, Li P, Zhang Y, Zuo X,et al. Negative life events and mental health of Chinese medical students: the effect of resilience, personality and social support. Psychiatry Res. 2012;196(1):138-141. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2011.12.006
  • 41. Bai Y, Lin CC, Lin CY, Chen JY, Chue CM, Chou P. Survey of stress reactions among health care workers involved with the SARS outbreak. Psychiatr Serv. 2004;55(9):1055-1057. doi:10.1176/appi.ps.55.9.1055
  • 42. Huang Y, Zhao N. Generalized anxiety disorder, depressive symptoms and sleep quality during COVID-19 outbreak in China: a web-based cross-sectional survey. Psychiatry Res. 2020;288:112954. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112954
  • 43. Snyder CM, Fauth E, Wanzek J, Piercy KW, Norton MC, Corcoran C, et al. Dementia caregivers' coping strategies and their relationship to health and well-being: the Cache County Study. Aging Ment Health. 2015;19(5):390-399. doi:10.1080/13607863.2014.939610
  • 44. Holz NE, Boecker R, Jennen-Steinmetz C, Buchmann AF, Blomeyer D, Baumeister S, et al. Positive coping styles and perigenual ACC volume: two related mechanisms for conferring resilience?. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci. 2016;11(5):813-820. doi:10.1093/scan/nsw005
  • 45. Adams RE, Boscarino JA, Galea S. Social and psychological resources and health outcomes after the World Trade Center disaster. Soc Sci Med. 2006;62(1):176-188. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2005.05.008
There are 45 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Alperen Kılıç 0000-0003-2610-1830

Mehmet Buğrahan Gürcan 0000-0003-1490-3596

Zekeriya Kökrek 0000-0003-0689-5952

Publication Date September 29, 2022
Submission Date May 12, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 12 Issue: 3

Cite

AMA Kılıç A, Gürcan MB, Kökrek Z. Prevalence of Anxiety and Relationship of Anxiety with Coping Styles and Related Factors in Medical Students During COVID-19 Pandemic. Sakarya Tıp Dergisi. September 2022;12(3):403-415. doi:10.31832/smj.1115755

30703

The published articles in SMJ are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.