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Nilüfer Çayının Sulama Suyu Kalitesi ve Arıtma Tesisleri Atıksularının Etkileri

Year 2017, Volume: 54 Issue: 3, 249 - 257, 28.09.2017
https://doi.org/10.20289/zfdergi.387776

Abstract








 






Bu çalışmada amaç,  pek çok tesisin arıtma
sularının deşarj yeri olan ve aynı zamanda Bursa ilinin tarımsal sulama suyu
kaynağının büyük bir kısmını oluşturan Nilüfer Çayı’nın sulama suyu kalite parametrelerinin
belirlenmesidir. Nilüfer Çayı’na deşarj eden 5 arıtma tesisinin çıkış
noktasından ve bu tesislerin deşarj ettikleri derelerden Ağustos 2013–Mayıs
2014 tarihleri arasında 4 farklı dönemde atık su örnekleri alınmıştır. pH (7.04
– 9.43), EC (0.36 – 6.75 mS cm-1), sıcaklık (10.7 – 32.9 °C),
Amonyum-N (iz – 86.73 mg l-1), Nitrat – N (iz – 19.33 mg l-1),
Fosfor (0 – 10.68 mg l-1), Bor (0 – 3.85 mg l-1), sülfat
(4.1 – 325.8 mg l-1), klor (7.09 – 857.9 mg l-1)
değerleri belirlenmiş, aynı zamanda bakiye sodyum karbonat       (RSC) (iz – 44.02 me l-1) ve sodyum
adsorbsiyon oranları (SAR) (0.20 – 37.15) hesaplanmıştır. EC ve SAR değerleri
dikkate alınarak yapılan sınıflandırmaya göre su örneklerinin C2S1-C4S4
sınıfları arasında yer aldığı tespit edilmiştir. Nilüfer Çayı ve Nilüfer
Çayı’na deşarj edilen kimi arıtma tesisleri atık su kalite parametrelerinin
dönemlere göre değişiklik gösterdiği, özellikle EC, Sıcaklık, Amonyum, Nitrat,
Fosfor, Sülfat ve Klor değerlerine olumsuz yönde etki ettikleri görülmüştür.

References

  • Aksoy, E. ve G. Özsoy. 2002. Investigation of multi-temporal land use/cover and shoreline changes of the Uluabat lake Ramsar site using RS and GIS. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Sustainable Land Use and Management, 10-13 June 2002, Çanakkale, Turkey, 318-325.
  • Anonymous 2007. Bursa su ve kanalizasyon idaresi (Buski), çevre raporu, Bursa.
  • Ashraf, M.A., M.J. Maah and I. Yusoff 2010. Water quality characterization of varsity lake, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Journal of Chemistry, 7(1), 245-254.
  • Bauder, T.A., R.M. Waskom, P.L. Sutherland and J.G. Davis. 2014. Irrigation water quality criteria. Colorado State University Extension. Fact Sheet No. 0.506.
  • Bouman, B. A. M. and T. P. Tuong 2001. Field water management to save water and increase its productivity in irrigated lowland rice. Agricultural Water Management, 49(1), 11-30.
  • Bouwer, H. 2000. Integrated water management: emerging issues and challenges. Agricultural Water Management, 45(3), 217-228.
  • Breś, W., T. Kleiber, and T. Trelka. 2010. Quality of water used for drip irrigation and fertigation of horticultural plants. Folia Horticulturae 22(2), 67-74.
  • Deng, X. P., L. Shan, H. Zhang and N. C. Turner. 2006. Improving agricultural water use efficiency in arid and semiarid areas of china. Agricultural Water Management, 80(1), 23-40.
  • Devirian, T.A. and S.L. Volpe. 2003. The physiological effects of dietary boron. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 43:2, 219-231.
  • Fipps, G. 2003. Irrigation water quality standards and salinity management strategies. Texas Farmer Collection. Http : / /Hdl .Handle .Net /1969 .1 /87829.
  • Güleryüz, G., H. Arslan, C. Çelik, Ş. Güçer and M. Kendall. 2008. Heavy metal content of plant species along Nilüfer stream in industrialized Bursa city, Turkey. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 195(1-4), 275-284.
  • Hopkins, B.G., D.A. Horneck, R.G. Stevens, J.W. Ellsworth and D.M. Sullivan. 2007. Managing irrigation water quality for crop production in the Pacific Northwest. [Covallis, Or.]: Oregon State University Extension Service.
  • Horneck, D.A., J.W. Ellsworth, B.G.Hopkins, D.M. Sullivan and R.G. Stevens. 2007. Managing salt-affected soils for crop production. [Covallis, Or.]: Oregon State University Extension Service.
  • Jones, J.R. and J. Benton. 2001. Laboratory guide for conducting soil tests and plant analysis. Crc Press, p. 384.
  • Karaer, F. and A. Küçükballi. 2006. Monitoring of water quality and assessment of organic pollution load in the Nilüfer stream, Turkey. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 114 (1-3), 391-417.
  • Kocaer, F.O. and H.S. Başkaya. 2004. Some chemical properties of soils non irrigated and irrigated with Nilüfer-Ayvali stream in Bursa. Ekoloji, 13(51), 33-38.
  • Mussa, S.B., H.S. Elferjani, F.A. Haroun and F.F. Abdelnabi. 2009. Determination of available nitrate, phosphate and sulphate in soil samples. International Journal of Pharmtech Research, 1(3), 598-604.
  • Özbek, H. 1990. Toprak bilgisi, Ç.Ü. Ziraat Fak. Ofset ve Teksir Atölyesi, Adana. (in Turkish)
  • Öztürk, B.Y. and C. Akköz 2014. Investigation of water quality of Apa dam lake (Çumra-Konya) and according to the evaluation of pca. Biodicon, 7(2), 136-147.
  • Parsons, T. R. A. 2013. Manual of chemical & biological methods for seawater analysis. Elsevier. p.188.
  • Sellamuthu, K. M., C. Mayilswami, A. Valliammai, and S. Chellamuthu. 2011. Effect of textile and dye industrial pollution on irrigation water quality of Noyyal River Basin of Tamil Nadu. Madras Agric J. 98(4-6): 129-135.
  • Svobodá, Z., R. Lloyd, J. Máchová and B. Vykusová. 1993. Water quality and fish health, FAO, Eifac Technical Paper, No: 54.
  • Şener, Ş. and D. Güneş. 2015. Aksu (Isparta) ovası yüzey ve yeraltı sularının hidrojeokimyasal özellikleri ve su kalitesi. Pamukkale Univ Muh Bilim Derg, 21(6), 260-269.
  • Tepe, Y. and C.E. Boyd. 2003. A reassessment of nitrogen fertilization for sunfish ponds. Journal of World Aquaculture Society, 34 (4): 505-511.
  • Uslu, O. and A. Turkman. 1987. Su kirliliği ve kontrolü. T.C. Başbakanlık Çevre Genel Müdürlüğü Yayınları. No:1 Ankara.
  • Ünlü, A., F. Çoban and M.S. Tunç. 2008. Hazar gölü su kalitesinin fiziksel ve inorganik kimyasal parametreler açısından incelenmesi. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 23 (1): 119-127.
  • Üstün, G.E. 2011. The assessment of heavy metal contamination in the waters of the Nilüfer stream in Bursa. Ekoloji, 81, 61-66.
  • Üstün, G.E., F. Karaer and S.K.A. Solmaz. 2008. Bursa Nilüfer çayının sulama suyu olarak kullanılabilirliğinin değerlendirilmesi, In Proceedings of Su Tüketim, Arıtma, Yeniden Kullanım Sempozyumu, 3-5 Eylül 2008, 97-104.
  • Yalılı, M. and S.K.A. Solmaz. 2004. Su temini tesislerinin tarihsel gelişimi sürecinde Bursa ili. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik-Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 9 (1):171-181.

Irrigation Water Quality of Nilüfer Stream and Effects of the Wastewater Discharges of the Treatment Plants

Year 2017, Volume: 54 Issue: 3, 249 - 257, 28.09.2017
https://doi.org/10.20289/zfdergi.387776

Abstract

In this research, the aim is to determine the irrigation water quality
parameters of Nilüfer stream which is the most important irrigation water
resource of Bursa and also the wastewater discharge point of many water
treatment plants. Water samples were taken at four different periods between
August 2013-May 2014 from the starting point of the five treatment plants that
discharge to Nilüfer stream and from the stream which the treatment plants
discharge to. The pH (7.04 – 9.43), EC (0.36 – 6.75 mS cm-1),
temperature (10.7 – 32.9°C), ammonium-N (trace – 86.73 mg l-1),
nitrate - N (trace – 19.33 mg l-1), phosphorus (0 – 10.68 mg l-1),
Boron (0 – 3.85 mg l-1), sulfate (4.1 – 325.8 mg l-1),
chlorine (7.09 – 857.9 mg l-1
amounts were determined and also the Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC)
(trace – 44.02 me l-1)  and
Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) (0.20 – 37.15) were calculated respectively.
Wastewater samples were classified between C2S1-C4S4
according to the EC and Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) values. Treatment plants
wastewater discharges vary due to the periods and negatively affected pH, EC,
ammonium, phosphorus, sulfate, boron and chlorine contents of the Nilüfer
stream.

References

  • Aksoy, E. ve G. Özsoy. 2002. Investigation of multi-temporal land use/cover and shoreline changes of the Uluabat lake Ramsar site using RS and GIS. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Sustainable Land Use and Management, 10-13 June 2002, Çanakkale, Turkey, 318-325.
  • Anonymous 2007. Bursa su ve kanalizasyon idaresi (Buski), çevre raporu, Bursa.
  • Ashraf, M.A., M.J. Maah and I. Yusoff 2010. Water quality characterization of varsity lake, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Journal of Chemistry, 7(1), 245-254.
  • Bauder, T.A., R.M. Waskom, P.L. Sutherland and J.G. Davis. 2014. Irrigation water quality criteria. Colorado State University Extension. Fact Sheet No. 0.506.
  • Bouman, B. A. M. and T. P. Tuong 2001. Field water management to save water and increase its productivity in irrigated lowland rice. Agricultural Water Management, 49(1), 11-30.
  • Bouwer, H. 2000. Integrated water management: emerging issues and challenges. Agricultural Water Management, 45(3), 217-228.
  • Breś, W., T. Kleiber, and T. Trelka. 2010. Quality of water used for drip irrigation and fertigation of horticultural plants. Folia Horticulturae 22(2), 67-74.
  • Deng, X. P., L. Shan, H. Zhang and N. C. Turner. 2006. Improving agricultural water use efficiency in arid and semiarid areas of china. Agricultural Water Management, 80(1), 23-40.
  • Devirian, T.A. and S.L. Volpe. 2003. The physiological effects of dietary boron. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 43:2, 219-231.
  • Fipps, G. 2003. Irrigation water quality standards and salinity management strategies. Texas Farmer Collection. Http : / /Hdl .Handle .Net /1969 .1 /87829.
  • Güleryüz, G., H. Arslan, C. Çelik, Ş. Güçer and M. Kendall. 2008. Heavy metal content of plant species along Nilüfer stream in industrialized Bursa city, Turkey. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 195(1-4), 275-284.
  • Hopkins, B.G., D.A. Horneck, R.G. Stevens, J.W. Ellsworth and D.M. Sullivan. 2007. Managing irrigation water quality for crop production in the Pacific Northwest. [Covallis, Or.]: Oregon State University Extension Service.
  • Horneck, D.A., J.W. Ellsworth, B.G.Hopkins, D.M. Sullivan and R.G. Stevens. 2007. Managing salt-affected soils for crop production. [Covallis, Or.]: Oregon State University Extension Service.
  • Jones, J.R. and J. Benton. 2001. Laboratory guide for conducting soil tests and plant analysis. Crc Press, p. 384.
  • Karaer, F. and A. Küçükballi. 2006. Monitoring of water quality and assessment of organic pollution load in the Nilüfer stream, Turkey. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 114 (1-3), 391-417.
  • Kocaer, F.O. and H.S. Başkaya. 2004. Some chemical properties of soils non irrigated and irrigated with Nilüfer-Ayvali stream in Bursa. Ekoloji, 13(51), 33-38.
  • Mussa, S.B., H.S. Elferjani, F.A. Haroun and F.F. Abdelnabi. 2009. Determination of available nitrate, phosphate and sulphate in soil samples. International Journal of Pharmtech Research, 1(3), 598-604.
  • Özbek, H. 1990. Toprak bilgisi, Ç.Ü. Ziraat Fak. Ofset ve Teksir Atölyesi, Adana. (in Turkish)
  • Öztürk, B.Y. and C. Akköz 2014. Investigation of water quality of Apa dam lake (Çumra-Konya) and according to the evaluation of pca. Biodicon, 7(2), 136-147.
  • Parsons, T. R. A. 2013. Manual of chemical & biological methods for seawater analysis. Elsevier. p.188.
  • Sellamuthu, K. M., C. Mayilswami, A. Valliammai, and S. Chellamuthu. 2011. Effect of textile and dye industrial pollution on irrigation water quality of Noyyal River Basin of Tamil Nadu. Madras Agric J. 98(4-6): 129-135.
  • Svobodá, Z., R. Lloyd, J. Máchová and B. Vykusová. 1993. Water quality and fish health, FAO, Eifac Technical Paper, No: 54.
  • Şener, Ş. and D. Güneş. 2015. Aksu (Isparta) ovası yüzey ve yeraltı sularının hidrojeokimyasal özellikleri ve su kalitesi. Pamukkale Univ Muh Bilim Derg, 21(6), 260-269.
  • Tepe, Y. and C.E. Boyd. 2003. A reassessment of nitrogen fertilization for sunfish ponds. Journal of World Aquaculture Society, 34 (4): 505-511.
  • Uslu, O. and A. Turkman. 1987. Su kirliliği ve kontrolü. T.C. Başbakanlık Çevre Genel Müdürlüğü Yayınları. No:1 Ankara.
  • Ünlü, A., F. Çoban and M.S. Tunç. 2008. Hazar gölü su kalitesinin fiziksel ve inorganik kimyasal parametreler açısından incelenmesi. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 23 (1): 119-127.
  • Üstün, G.E. 2011. The assessment of heavy metal contamination in the waters of the Nilüfer stream in Bursa. Ekoloji, 81, 61-66.
  • Üstün, G.E., F. Karaer and S.K.A. Solmaz. 2008. Bursa Nilüfer çayının sulama suyu olarak kullanılabilirliğinin değerlendirilmesi, In Proceedings of Su Tüketim, Arıtma, Yeniden Kullanım Sempozyumu, 3-5 Eylül 2008, 97-104.
  • Yalılı, M. and S.K.A. Solmaz. 2004. Su temini tesislerinin tarihsel gelişimi sürecinde Bursa ili. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik-Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 9 (1):171-181.
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Saliha Dorak This is me

Hakan Çelik

Publication Date September 28, 2017
Submission Date January 20, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 54 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Dorak, S., & Çelik, H. (2017). Irrigation Water Quality of Nilüfer Stream and Effects of the Wastewater Discharges of the Treatment Plants. Journal of Agriculture Faculty of Ege University, 54(3), 249-257. https://doi.org/10.20289/zfdergi.387776

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