Kuraklık Stresi Altında Polisakkarit Üreten Mikroorganizmalarla Ekim İmkânları

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 55 Sayı: 1, 2 - 10, 31.01.2024

Richa Raghuwanshı

Öz

Kuraklık/Su stresi, bitki büyümesini kısıtlayan önemli bir abiyotik strestir. Büyümeyi teşvik edici
özellikleriyle iyi bilinen bitki büyümesini teşvik eden rizobakteriler (PGPR), köklerin etrafında kuraklık
süresince onları daha uzun süre kuraklığa karşı koruyan hücre dışı polisakkaritler (EPS’ler) üretirler.
Toprak kalitesinin temel belirleyicilerinden biri olan arbusküler mikorizalar, toprağın topaklanma
özelliklerini gösteren ve su stabilitesinin arttırılmasına ve böylece kuraklık koşullarının aşılmasına
yardımcı olan glomalin proteinini salgılar; bu protein, toprak agregasyon özelliklerini gösterir ve
dolayısıyla kuraklık koşullarını aşarak su stabilitesini artırmaya yardımcı olur. Rhizosferik toprakta
EPS üreten PGPR ve mikorizal mantar yoğunluğunu artırmak, bitkilerin su stresi dönemlerinde
hayatta kalma şansını artırmak için bir yol olabilir. Bu derleme, EPS üreten mikroorganizmaların
kuraklık altında toprak sağlığının ve bitki büyümesinin korunmasındaki rolünü vurgulamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kuraklık stresi, ekstrasellüler polisakkaritler, glomalin, PGPR, AMF, mikroorganizmalar

Prospects of Cropping with Polysaccharides Producing Microbes Under Drought Stress

Öz

Drought and water stress are the major abiotic stresses that limit plant growth. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, well known for their growth-promoting attributes, produce extracellular polysaccharides that form rhizosheaths around the roots, thereby protecting them from desiccation for a longer duration. Arbuscular mycorrhizae, one of the key determinants of soil quality, secrete glomalin protein, which shows soil aggregation properties and helps increase water stability, thereby overcoming drought conditions. Increasing extracellular polysaccharide products using plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and mycorrhizal fungi density in the rhizospheric soil can be a means to improve the survival of plants during water stress periods. The present review highlights the role of microbes producing extracellular polysaccharides in maintaining soil health and plant growth under drought.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Drought stress, extracellular polysaccharides, glomalin, PGPR, AMF, microbes

Kaynakça

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