Amphora Stamps from Halikarnassos-II : Excavations of Eski Çesme Quarter

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 11, 79 - 104, 21.06.2023

Gonca Şenol Gürşans Uzala

Öz

The rescue excavations in Eski Çeşme quarter at Bodrum were carried out within the city walls of ancient Halikarnassos, one of the important cities of Dorian Hexapolis, in the south-east of the Myndos Gate, south of the theatre and close to the ancient port. During the excavations executed in 2018 by archaeologists from the Museum of Underwater Archaeology at Bodrum, an interconnected building complex was discovered. The importance of this article is that it is one of the first comprehensive studies on the amphora stamps from the city of Halikarnassos. In this article, the stamped handles belonging to Hellenistic imported amphorae found in this excavation area are presented. Among the finds are a total of 28 stamped handles. 8 of these belong to Rhodes, 7 to Rhodian Peraea, 5 to Knidos and 4 to Kos. In addition, stamped handles belonging to Paros, Sinope and the Group of Nikandros are represented by a single example. An unidentified stamped handle is probably originated from the Rhodian Peraea. The finds studied provide important information concerning the commercial activities of Halikarnassos during the Hellenistic Period and provide new information on the distribution of the products of the stamped amphora production centers in the Eastern Mediterranean markets. Additionally, the finds are important for the studies on amphora stamps.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Amphora stamps, Halikarnassos, Bodrum-Eski Çeşme, Hellenistic Period, Rhodes, Knidos

Halikarnassos’tan Amphora Mühürleri-II: Eski Çeşme Mahallesi Kazıları

Öz

Bodrum Eski Çeşme Mahallesi kurtarma kazıları, Dor Hexapolisinin önemli kentlerinden biri olan antik Halikarnassos kentinin surlarının içinde, Myndos kapının güney doğusunda, tiyatronun güneyinde ve antik limana yakın bir konumdadır. Bodrum Sualtı Arkeoloji Müzesi arkeologları tarafından 2018 yılında gerçekleştirilen kazı çalışmalarında birbiriyle bağlantılı bir yapı kompleksi ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Makalede, bu alandaki kazılar sonucu ele geçen Hellenistik Döneme tarihlenen ithal amphoralara ait mühürlü kulplar incelenmektedir. Makale, Halikarnassos kentinden ele geçen amphora mühürlerine ilişkin kapsamlı ilk çalışmalardan biri olması bakımından önem taşımaktadır. Kazı çalışmalarında bulunan toplam 28 amphora mühürlü kulbundan 8 adedi Rhodos, 7 adedi Rhodos Peraiası, 5 adedi Knidos ve 4 adedi Kos kökenli amphoralara aittir. Bunların yanısıra Paros, Sinope ve Nikandros Grubu amphoralarına ait de birer mühürlü kulp mevcuttur. Kökeni kesin olarak belirlenemeyen bir örnek de, olasılıkla, Rhodos Peraiası kökenli olmalıdır. Çalışmada incelenen bu buluntular Halikarnassos kentinin Hellenistik Dönem ticaretine ışık tutmaktadır. Aynı zamanda mühürlü amphora üreticisi kentlerin ürünlerinin Doğu Akdeniz pazarındaki dağılımına ilişkin yeni bilgilerin elde edilmesine katkı sağlamaktadır. Buna ek olarak, buluntular amphora mühür çalışmaları açısından da önem arzetmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Amphora mühürleri, Halikarnassos, Bodrum-Eski Çeşme, Hellenistik Dönem, Rhodos, Knidos

Kaynakça

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