Etik Yaklaşımlar Açısından Sürdürülebilirliğin Ontolojik Çözümlemesi

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 1, 118 - 141, 30.06.2023

Halil İbrahim Aydınlı Bahar Yolvermez

Öz

Küresel ekolojik krizler, sürdürülebilirlik kavramını ön plana çıkarmıştır. Ancak günümüzde sürdürülebilirlik yalnızca ekolojik bir durumu değil, herhangi bir süreklilik halini ifade etmek için de kullanılmaktadır. Bu durum, sürdürülebilirlik kavramının anlamını tamamen kaybetmeden bir bağlamdan veya perspektiften diğerine değişemediğini göstermektedir. Sürdürülebilirlik kavramının ontolojisi, bugünkü kuşaklara duyulan sorumluluk kadar, belki daha fazla gelecek kuşaklara yönelik duyulan sorumluluğu da ifade eder. Bu nedenle sürdürülebilirliğin sağlanması ve sürekliliği etik açıdan vazgeçilmez bir koşul olarak değerlendirilebilir. Sürdürülebilirliğin sağlanabilmesi için ilk önce kavramsal karmaşıklıkların çözümlenmesi, etik yaklaşımların doğru bağlamda olması gerekir. Etik olmadan sürdürülebilirliğin gerçekleştirilebilmesi imkansızdır. Bu nedenle, çalışmada, sürdürülebilirliğin sürdürülebilirliği için kavramın çelişki nedenlerinin ortaya konulması ve bu çerçevede etik yaklaşımların ele alınması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma, sürdürülebilirliğin sürdürülebilirliği için ne yapılması gerektiği konusunda çeşitli perspektifleri göstermesi açısından önemlidir. Sürdürülebilirlik yalnızca ekolojik değil, psikososyal ve ekonomik yönleriyle de bütüncül bir yaklaşımla değerlendirilmelidir. Çalışmada, yorumsamacı, eleştirel ve ilişkisel bir yaklaşım benimsenip, literatür taraması ile sürdürülebilirlik-etik ilişkisinin bir çözümlemesi yapılmıştır. Kant’ın da işaret ettiği gibi, eylem faydacılığından kural faydacılığına geçişle birlikte, etik değerlerin içselleştirilmesi ve sorumluluk bilincinin hayatın her alanına yansıtılması sürdürülebilirliği yerleşik hale getirecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sürdürülebilirlik, etik, felsefi

Ontological Analysis of Sustainability in Terms of Ethical Approaches

Öz

Global ecological crises have brought the concept of sustainability to the fore. However, nowadays, sustainability is used not only to express an ecological situation but also any state of continuity. This shows that the concept of sustainability cannot change from one context or perspective to another without completely losing its meaning. The ontology of the concept of sustainability expresses the responsibility for future generations as well as the responsibility for the present generations. For this reason, ensuring and maintaining sustainability can be considered an indispensable ethical condition. In order to ensure sustainability, conceptual complexities must first be resolved, and ethical approaches must be in the right context. It is impossible to achieve sustainability without ethics. For this reason, this study aims to reveal the reasons for the contradiction of the concept for the sustainability of sustainability and to discuss ethical approaches within this framework. The study is important in that it shows various perspectives on what should be done for the sustainability of sustainability. Sustainability should be evaluated with a holistic approach not only in terms of ecological but also psychosocial and economic aspects. In the study, a hermeneutic, critical and relational approach was adopted, and an analysis of the sustainability-ethics relationship was made with a literature review. As Kant points out, with the transition from action utilitarianism to rule utilitarianism, internalizing ethical values and reflecting a sense of responsibility in all life areas will entrench sustainability.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sustainability, ontology, ethic, sustainability ethic, responsibility

Kaynakça

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