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ANALYSIS OF SOCIAL MEDIA ENGAGEMENT FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF BROADCASTERS’ SOCIAL MEDIA STRATEGIES

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 111 - 133, 01.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.47107/inifedergi.1331560

Öz

Social engagement or social media engagement is a topic being investigated linked to broadcasting strategies. One of the main reasons for that is that television programs are being followed through social media sites, and that their viewers interact with them through SNS (social network sites). Engagement brings about viewer loyalty on further level. Thus, broadcasting companies develop and use strategies in order to keep their relationship with their loyal fandom fresh and alive. This study analysed broadcasting company social media strategies with the help of both quantitative and qualitative methods. The reason for choosing the mixed method approach is to look at big data from quantitative and qualitative perspectives and to question whether this data goes beyond algorithms and numbers, and whether qualitative data is meaningful. Fanpage Karma tool is used for data collection and analysis where NVivo 12 is used for qualitative analysis purposes. Findings gathered reveal that along with the variables such as post number per day, posting times per day, page performance index of broadcasting companies, context and the techniques used to compose post texts are altogether linked and intertwined. Netflix Turkey is added to the cases that were selected from within mainstream broadcasting companies; for which the study revealed differences in terms of social media strategies. Mainstream broadcasters display both similarities and differences among themselves. While different and unique strategies can play a role in ensuring engagement, especially in today's television viewing environment where it is difficult to ensure and maintain engagement and loyalty, audience loyalty continues to be one of the biggest struggles of broadcasters against digitalization.

Kaynakça

  • Ballester E. and Ruiz C. (2021). Engaging consumers through firm-generated content on Instagram. Spanish Journal of Marketing- ESIC Vol 25 No 3, 355-373
  • Bayram, M. Görkem, O., and Bayram, Ü. (2016). Sosyal medya ve destinasyon pazarlaması kapsamında Facebook üzerinde paylaşılan içerikler ve bunların tüketici etkileşimine etkisi. In Ö. Bardakoğlu & V. Tecim (Eds.), Bölgesel Turizm (pp. 43-57). Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Yayınevi.
  • Berz, J. (2016). Managing TV Brands with social media- an empirical analysis of television series brands. Springer.
  • Brosius, H.B., Wober, M., and Weimann G. (1992). The loyalty of television viewing: How consistent is TV viewing behavior? Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media. 36 (3), 321-335.
  • Çelik, S. (2021). Karma yöntem araştırmaların temel özellikleri. In John W. Creswell, Karma Yöntem Araştırmalarına Giriş (Çev. Ed. Mustafa Sözbilir). Pegem Akademi.
  • Cheng, M. H., Wu, Y. C., & Chen, M. C. (2016). Television meets facebook: The correlation between tv ratings and social media. American Journal of Industrial and Business Management, 6(03), 282.
  • Çolak, H., Kağnıcıoğlu, C.H., ve Argan, M. (2022). Sosyal medyada etkileşim ve dönüşüm oranı arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesine yönelik Facebook örneği. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 21 (81), 242-257.
  • Greer, C.F. and Ferguson, D. A. (2015). Pinning and promotion: how local television stations are using Pinterest for branding and audience connectivity. Journal of Promotion Management, 21(1), 64-81
  • Gao, Q and Feng, C. (2016). Branding with social media user gratifications, usage patterns, and brand message content strategies. Computers in Human Behavior, 63, 868-890.
  • Fernandez, G.E. and Quevedo, J.M. (2018). Connecting with audiences in new markets: Netflix’s Twitter strategy in Spain. Journal of Media Business Studies, 15(2), 127-146
  • Gunter, B. (2010). Television versus the ınternet: Will TV prosper or perish as the world moves online? Chandos Publishing.
  • Guo, M. (2018). How television viewers use social media to engage with programming: the social engagement scale development and validation. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media 62(2), 195-214.
  • Guo, M. and Chan-Olmsted, S.M. (2015). Predictors of social television viewing: how perceived program, media and audience characteristics affect social engagement with television programming. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 59(2), 240-258.
  • Hawkins, K. and Vel, P. (2013). Attitudinal loyalty, behavioral loyalty and social media: an ıntrospection. The Marketing Review, 13(2), 125-141.
  • Jayasingh, S. and Venkatesh, R. (2015). Customer engagement factors in Faceboook brand pages. Asian Social Science, Vol 11 No 26, 19-29.
  • Jenkins, H. (2006). Convergence culture where old and new media collide. New York University Press. Kazaz, M. and Özkent, Y. (2016). Televizyon dizileriyle eş zamanlı olarak Twitter kullanımı: İletişim fakültesi öğrencileri üzerine bir araştırma. Selçuk İletişim Dergisi, 9(2), 205-224.
  • LaRose, R. and Eastin, M.S. (2004). Social cognitive theory of internet uses and gratifications: Toward a new model of media attendance. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 48(3), 358-377.
  • Lee D., Hosanagar K. and Nair, H.S. (2018). Advertising content and consumer engagement on social media: Evidence from Facebook. Magagement Science, https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/abs/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2902, 1-27.
  • Lin J.S., Chen, K.J. and Sung, Y. (2018). Understanding the nature, uses, and gratifications of social television: Implications for developing viewer engagement and network loyalty. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 62(1), 1-20.
  • Lim, J.S., Hwang, Y.C., Kim, S. and Biocca, F.A. (2015). How social media engagement leads to sports channel loyalty: Mediating roles of social presence and channel commitment. Computers in Human Behavior, 46, 158-167. Lovett, J. (2011). Social media metrics secrets. Indianapolis: Wiley Publishing.
  • Medina M., Sanchez-Tabernero, A. and Arrese, A. (2016). Contents as products in media markets. G.F. Lowe & C. Brown (Eds.). Managing media firms and ındustries- what’s so special about media management (pp. 243-261), Springer.
  • Mersey, R.D., E. C. Malthouse and B. J. Calder (2015). Engagement with online media. Journal of Media Business Studies. 7(2), 39-56.
  • Minazzi, R. (2015). Social media marketing in tourism and hospitality. Springer.
  • Moran G., Muzellec, L. and Johnson, D. (2020). Message content features and social media engagement: Evidence from the media ındustry. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 29(5), 533-545.
  • Pagani M. and Mirabello, A. (2011). The influence of personal and social-ınteractive engagement in social tv web sites. International Journal of Electronic Commerce, 16(2), 41-68.
  • Rahman, K.T. (2021). Driving engagement on Instagram: A comparative analysis of Amazon Prime and Disney +. Seisense Business Review, 1(3), 1-11.
  • Sabuncu, İ. and Yıldırım, A. (2021). Hangi Tweetler daha fazla etkileşim alıyor? Yönetim Bilişim Sistemleri Dergisi, 7(1), 24-43.
  • Shahbaznezhad H., Dolan, R. and Rashidirad, M. (2021). The role of social media content format and platform in users’ engagement behavior. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 53, 47-65.
  • Stollfuss S. (2018). Is this social tv 3.0? On funk and social media policy in German Public Post-Television Content Production. Television & New Media, 1-16.
  • Syrdal, H. A. and Briggs, E. (2018). Engagement with social media content: A qualitative exploration. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 26(1-2), 4-22.
  • Tenenboim, O. (2022). Comments, shares, or likes: What makes news posts engaging in different ways. Social Media + Society, Oct-Dec, 1-17.
  • Tunalı, S. B., Gözü, Ö. and Özen, G. (2016). Nitel ve nicel araştırma yöntemlerinin bir arada kullanılması “karma araştırma yöntemi”. Anadolu Üniversitesi İletişim Bilimleri Fakültesi Uluslararası Hakemli Dergisi, 24(2), 106-112.
  • Vasquez-Herrero, J., Negreira-Rey, M.C. and Rodriguez Vazquez, A.I. (2021). Intersections between TikTok and TV: Channels and programmes thinking outside the box. Journalism and Media, 2, 1-13.
  • Viswanathan, V., Malthouse, E.C., Maslowska, E., Hoornaert, S. and Van den Poel, D. (2018). Dynamics between social media engagement, firm-generated content, and live and time-shifted tv viewing. Journal of Service Management, 29(3), 378-398.
  • Von Rimscha, M. B. (2015). Branding media content: From storytelling to distribution. In Siegert, G., Förster, K., Chan-Olmsted, S.M. and Ots, M. (Eds.) Handbook of media branding (pp. 157-169). Springer International Publishing.
  • Voorveld, H. A. M., Van Noort, G., Muntinga, D.G. and Bronner,F. (2018). Engagement with social media and social media advertising: The differentiating role of platform type. Journal of Advertising, 47(1), 38-54.
  • Wohn, D. Y., and Freeman, G. (2020). Audience management practices of live streamers on Twitch. https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3391614.3393653 Access Date: 16.02.2023

KATILIM VE SOSYAL MEDYA KULLANIM İLİŞKİSİNİ TELEVİZYON YAYINCI STRATEJİLERİ YÖNÜNDEN İNCELEMEK

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 111 - 133, 01.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.47107/inifedergi.1331560

Öz

Sosyal katılım veya diğer adıyla sosyal medya katılımı, televizyon yayıncılığı stratejileri ile bağlantılı olarak araştırılan bir konudur. Bunun sebeplerinden birisi, televizyon programlarının sosyal medyada takip edilmesi ve izleyicinin programlarla sosyal ağ siteleri aracılığı ile etkileşime girmeleridir. Katılım, ileri boyutta izleyici sadakatini de getirmektedir. Böylelikle televizyon şirketleri sadık hayran kitlesi ile aralarındaki etkileşimi sürekli olarak taze ve canlı tutmak amacıyla stratejiler geliştirip kullanmaktadırlar. Bu çalışma, televizyon şirketlerinin sosyal medyadaki katılımı korumak ve artırmak üzerine geliştirip kullandıkları stratejileri nicel ve nitel yöntemlerle analiz etmiştir. Karma yöntem yaklaşımının tercih edilmesinin nedeni, büyük veriye nicel ve nitel açılardan bakarak bu verinin algoritmaların ve rakamların ötesine geçip geçmediğini, nitel verinin anlamlı olup olmadığını sorgulayabilmektir. Veri toplama ve istatistiksel analiz için Fanpage Karma aracı, nitel analiz için NVivo 12 programı kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular izleyici katılımını sağlamada kullanılan gönderilerin günlük sayısı, günlük gönderi zamanları, kanal hesaplarının performans endeksi gibi değişkenlerin yanısıra, gönderilerin içeriği ve içerikte kullanılan tekniklerin birbiri ile ilişkili olduğunu göstermektedir. Beş anaakım kanala ek olarak abonelik sistemine dayalı platform olan Netflix Türkiye de çalışmaya dahil edilmiş; Netflix Türkiye’nin anaakım kanallara göre stratejilerinde farklılıklar gösterdiği görülmüştür. Anaakım kanallar ise kendi aralarında tutarlılıklar ve farklılıklar sergilemektedir. Özellikle katılım ve sadakati sağlamanın ve devam ettirmenin zorlaştığı günümüz televizyon izleme ortamında farklı ve benzersiz stratejiler katılımı sağlamada rol oynayabilmekte iken, izleyici sadakati kanalların dijitalleşme karşısındaki en büyük mücadelelerinden birisi olmayı sürdürmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Ballester E. and Ruiz C. (2021). Engaging consumers through firm-generated content on Instagram. Spanish Journal of Marketing- ESIC Vol 25 No 3, 355-373
  • Bayram, M. Görkem, O., and Bayram, Ü. (2016). Sosyal medya ve destinasyon pazarlaması kapsamında Facebook üzerinde paylaşılan içerikler ve bunların tüketici etkileşimine etkisi. In Ö. Bardakoğlu & V. Tecim (Eds.), Bölgesel Turizm (pp. 43-57). Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Yayınevi.
  • Berz, J. (2016). Managing TV Brands with social media- an empirical analysis of television series brands. Springer.
  • Brosius, H.B., Wober, M., and Weimann G. (1992). The loyalty of television viewing: How consistent is TV viewing behavior? Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media. 36 (3), 321-335.
  • Çelik, S. (2021). Karma yöntem araştırmaların temel özellikleri. In John W. Creswell, Karma Yöntem Araştırmalarına Giriş (Çev. Ed. Mustafa Sözbilir). Pegem Akademi.
  • Cheng, M. H., Wu, Y. C., & Chen, M. C. (2016). Television meets facebook: The correlation between tv ratings and social media. American Journal of Industrial and Business Management, 6(03), 282.
  • Çolak, H., Kağnıcıoğlu, C.H., ve Argan, M. (2022). Sosyal medyada etkileşim ve dönüşüm oranı arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesine yönelik Facebook örneği. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 21 (81), 242-257.
  • Greer, C.F. and Ferguson, D. A. (2015). Pinning and promotion: how local television stations are using Pinterest for branding and audience connectivity. Journal of Promotion Management, 21(1), 64-81
  • Gao, Q and Feng, C. (2016). Branding with social media user gratifications, usage patterns, and brand message content strategies. Computers in Human Behavior, 63, 868-890.
  • Fernandez, G.E. and Quevedo, J.M. (2018). Connecting with audiences in new markets: Netflix’s Twitter strategy in Spain. Journal of Media Business Studies, 15(2), 127-146
  • Gunter, B. (2010). Television versus the ınternet: Will TV prosper or perish as the world moves online? Chandos Publishing.
  • Guo, M. (2018). How television viewers use social media to engage with programming: the social engagement scale development and validation. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media 62(2), 195-214.
  • Guo, M. and Chan-Olmsted, S.M. (2015). Predictors of social television viewing: how perceived program, media and audience characteristics affect social engagement with television programming. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 59(2), 240-258.
  • Hawkins, K. and Vel, P. (2013). Attitudinal loyalty, behavioral loyalty and social media: an ıntrospection. The Marketing Review, 13(2), 125-141.
  • Jayasingh, S. and Venkatesh, R. (2015). Customer engagement factors in Faceboook brand pages. Asian Social Science, Vol 11 No 26, 19-29.
  • Jenkins, H. (2006). Convergence culture where old and new media collide. New York University Press. Kazaz, M. and Özkent, Y. (2016). Televizyon dizileriyle eş zamanlı olarak Twitter kullanımı: İletişim fakültesi öğrencileri üzerine bir araştırma. Selçuk İletişim Dergisi, 9(2), 205-224.
  • LaRose, R. and Eastin, M.S. (2004). Social cognitive theory of internet uses and gratifications: Toward a new model of media attendance. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 48(3), 358-377.
  • Lee D., Hosanagar K. and Nair, H.S. (2018). Advertising content and consumer engagement on social media: Evidence from Facebook. Magagement Science, https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/abs/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2902, 1-27.
  • Lin J.S., Chen, K.J. and Sung, Y. (2018). Understanding the nature, uses, and gratifications of social television: Implications for developing viewer engagement and network loyalty. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 62(1), 1-20.
  • Lim, J.S., Hwang, Y.C., Kim, S. and Biocca, F.A. (2015). How social media engagement leads to sports channel loyalty: Mediating roles of social presence and channel commitment. Computers in Human Behavior, 46, 158-167. Lovett, J. (2011). Social media metrics secrets. Indianapolis: Wiley Publishing.
  • Medina M., Sanchez-Tabernero, A. and Arrese, A. (2016). Contents as products in media markets. G.F. Lowe & C. Brown (Eds.). Managing media firms and ındustries- what’s so special about media management (pp. 243-261), Springer.
  • Mersey, R.D., E. C. Malthouse and B. J. Calder (2015). Engagement with online media. Journal of Media Business Studies. 7(2), 39-56.
  • Minazzi, R. (2015). Social media marketing in tourism and hospitality. Springer.
  • Moran G., Muzellec, L. and Johnson, D. (2020). Message content features and social media engagement: Evidence from the media ındustry. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 29(5), 533-545.
  • Pagani M. and Mirabello, A. (2011). The influence of personal and social-ınteractive engagement in social tv web sites. International Journal of Electronic Commerce, 16(2), 41-68.
  • Rahman, K.T. (2021). Driving engagement on Instagram: A comparative analysis of Amazon Prime and Disney +. Seisense Business Review, 1(3), 1-11.
  • Sabuncu, İ. and Yıldırım, A. (2021). Hangi Tweetler daha fazla etkileşim alıyor? Yönetim Bilişim Sistemleri Dergisi, 7(1), 24-43.
  • Shahbaznezhad H., Dolan, R. and Rashidirad, M. (2021). The role of social media content format and platform in users’ engagement behavior. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 53, 47-65.
  • Stollfuss S. (2018). Is this social tv 3.0? On funk and social media policy in German Public Post-Television Content Production. Television & New Media, 1-16.
  • Syrdal, H. A. and Briggs, E. (2018). Engagement with social media content: A qualitative exploration. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 26(1-2), 4-22.
  • Tenenboim, O. (2022). Comments, shares, or likes: What makes news posts engaging in different ways. Social Media + Society, Oct-Dec, 1-17.
  • Tunalı, S. B., Gözü, Ö. and Özen, G. (2016). Nitel ve nicel araştırma yöntemlerinin bir arada kullanılması “karma araştırma yöntemi”. Anadolu Üniversitesi İletişim Bilimleri Fakültesi Uluslararası Hakemli Dergisi, 24(2), 106-112.
  • Vasquez-Herrero, J., Negreira-Rey, M.C. and Rodriguez Vazquez, A.I. (2021). Intersections between TikTok and TV: Channels and programmes thinking outside the box. Journalism and Media, 2, 1-13.
  • Viswanathan, V., Malthouse, E.C., Maslowska, E., Hoornaert, S. and Van den Poel, D. (2018). Dynamics between social media engagement, firm-generated content, and live and time-shifted tv viewing. Journal of Service Management, 29(3), 378-398.
  • Von Rimscha, M. B. (2015). Branding media content: From storytelling to distribution. In Siegert, G., Förster, K., Chan-Olmsted, S.M. and Ots, M. (Eds.) Handbook of media branding (pp. 157-169). Springer International Publishing.
  • Voorveld, H. A. M., Van Noort, G., Muntinga, D.G. and Bronner,F. (2018). Engagement with social media and social media advertising: The differentiating role of platform type. Journal of Advertising, 47(1), 38-54.
  • Wohn, D. Y., and Freeman, G. (2020). Audience management practices of live streamers on Twitch. https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3391614.3393653 Access Date: 16.02.2023
Toplam 37 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Sosyal Medya Çalışmaları
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Çiğdem Erdal 0000-0003-3253-6515

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Aralık 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Erdal, Ç. (2023). ANALYSIS OF SOCIAL MEDIA ENGAGEMENT FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF BROADCASTERS’ SOCIAL MEDIA STRATEGIES. İnönü Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi (İNİF E-Dergi), 8(2), 111-133. https://doi.org/10.47107/inifedergi.1331560