Derleme
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Açık Çağrı: Çağdaş Sanatta Bir Fenomen Olarak “Cam”

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 28, 15 - 34, 30.01.2024
https://doi.org/10.16950/iujad.1229337

Öz

2022 yılı Birleşmiş Milletler tarafından “Uluslararası Cam Yılı” olarak ilan edilmiştir. Cam, geçmişten bugüne birçok objenin yapımında kullanılan bir hammaddedir. Günümüzde cam malzemesine özel bir atıf yapılmasının nedeni ise iklim krizi ve sürdürülebilirlik açısından camın insanlığın geleceği için en güvenli seçenek olarak görülmesidir. Endüstriyel tarafının yanı sıra aynı zamanda cam işlenerek bir el sanatı haline gelmiştir. Başlangıçta cam işlemenin bir zanaat olması fikrinin ötesine geçilemese de, zamanla estetik kaygıların işlevin önüne geçmesi ve camın olanaklılıklarının farkına varılması onu sanatın da malzemesi ve konusu yapmıştır. Geleneksel temsilleri daha aşina bir duyarlılıkla, şeffaflık ve mistik özelliği ile izleyicinin karşısına çıksa da, özellikle çağdaş temsillerinin bu özelliklerinin yanı sıra onun kırılganlığı ve amorf kavramsal fenomenleri ve biçimleri üzerine de yoğunlaştığı görülmektedir. Bu anlamda pek çok temayı cam ile işleyen çağdaş sanat aynı zamanda bu materyalle bir sınır deneyimini paylaşmakta ve bu deneyimin ötesinde çoğu zaman heyecan verici ve riskli bir sürecin baştan kabulünün maddi ve kavramsal uzantılarını izleyicinin bakışına sunmaktadır.
Çağdaş sanatta tekrar tekrar güncellenen camın bir sanat yapıtına dönüştüğü pek çok örnek vardır. Özellikle 1950’lerden günümüze kadar bu çağdaş versiyonları yaygın bir şekilde görülmektedir. Bunun yanında bir gelecek referansı olarak bu yılın cam yılı olarak işaretlenmesiyle camın sanat pazarının da dikkatini çekmesi ve daha fazla sanatçının ilgi alanına girmesi olasıdır. Böyle bir farkındalıktan hareketle çalışmada çağdaş sanatçıların çeşitli ilgi ve bilgi öbekleriyle bir fenomen olarak camı işlevden öte bir sanat materyali olarak nasıl tanımladıkları üzerinde durulmuştur.

Kaynakça

  • Bayazıt, N. 2008. Tasarımı Anlamak. İstanbul: İdeal Kültür & Yayıncılık .
  • Farrelly, L. 2017. Mimarlıkta Yapım+Malzeme. İstanbul: Literatür Yayınları.
  • Han, B.C. 2021. Güzeli Kurtarmak. İstanbul: İnsan Yayınları.
  • Heartney, E. 2008. Sanat ve Bugün. İstanbul: Akbank Kültür ve Sanat Dizisi.
  • Hodge, S. 2013. Beş Yaşındaki Çocuk Bunu Neden Yapamaz/Açıklamalı Modern Sanat. İstanbul: Hayalperest Yayınevi.
  • Miodownik, M. 2020. Eşyanın Tabiatı: Üstüne Dünya Kurduğumuz Malzemelerin Olağanüstü Öyküleri. İstanbul: Domingo Yayınları.
  • Özgümüş, Ü. 1993. Cam. İslam Ansiklopedisi (7. Cilt). 6.12.2022 tarihinde https://cdn2.islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/dosya/7/C07002566.pdf adresinden alındı.
  • Rona, Z. 1997. Cam İşçiliği: Tarihsel Gelişim. Eczacıbaşı Sanat Ansiklopedisi (1. cilt). İstanbul: Yem Yayınları.
  • Sözen M., Tanyeli U. 1986. Sanat Kavram ve Terimleri Sözlüğü, İstanbul: Remzi Kitabevi. İnternet Kaynakları
  • Brown, K. (2022). The Visionary Artist Dan Graham, Who Was Known For His Glass Pavilions and Astrological Prowess, Has Died at 79. https://news.artnet.com/art-world/dan- graham-obituary-2075863, (accessed in: 07.05.2022), (In English).
  • Delaney, H. (2002). Tony Cragg/Cumulus/1998. https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/cragg-cumulus-t07792, (accessed in: 07.05.2022), (In English).
  • Jobson, C. (9 January 2017). Artist Walead Beshty Shipped Glass Boxes Inside FedEx Boxes to Produce Shattered Sculptures. https://www.thisiscolossal.com/2017/01/fedex- works-walead-beshty/, (accessed in: 07.05.2022), (In English).
  • Ludacer, R. (2010). Cildo Meireles’s Coca-Cola Project. https://beachpackagingdesign.com/boxvox/cildo-meireless-cocacola-project (accessed in: 07.05.2022), (In English).
  • Manchester, E. (2002). Michael Craig-Martin/An Oak Tree 1973. https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/craig-martin-an-oak-tree-l02262 (accessed in: 07.05.2022), (In English).
  • Olcay Uçkan, B.Y. 2008. Cam Tarihine Genel Bir Bakış. https://earsiv.anadolu.edu.tr/xmlui/bitstream/handle/11421/1292/545204.pdf?sequen ce=1&isAllowed=y , (accessed in: 07.05.2022), (In Turkish).
  • Petridou, C. (2022). A Tortuous Cascade Of Bones And Viscera. https://www.designboom.com/art/ai-weiwei-colossal-glass-sculpture-bones-viscera- roman-national-museum-03-26-2022/ (accessed in: 07.05.2022), (In English).
  • Staff, D. (n.d.) Exploding Glass Art Installation. https://dornob.com/exploding-glass-or- architectural-art-installation/ , (accessed in: 07.05.2022), (In English).
  • URL-1, (n.d.). https://pinakothek-beuys-multiples.de/product/evervess/?lang=en, (accessed in: 07.05.2022), (In English).
  • URL-2, (n.d.). 50 cc of Paris Air. https://philamuseum.org/collection/object/51617, (accessed in: 07.05.2022), (In English).
  • URL-3, (2018). Larry Bell Venice Fog: Recent Investigations. https://www.hauserwirth.com/hauser-wirth-exhibitions/6241-larry-bell-venice-fog- recent-investigations/ , (accessed in: 07.05.2022), (In English).
  • Worley, G. (2015). Modern Art Monday Presents: Robert Smithson, Map of Broken Glass (Atlantis). https://worleygig.com/2015/07/27/modern-art-monday-presents-robert- smithson-map-of-broken-glass-atlantis/ , (accessed in: 07.05.2022) (In English).
  • Young, M. (2014). The Claudio Parmiggiani Galleria d’Arte Moderna Show is Shattering. https://www.trendhunter.com/trends/claudio-parmiggiani-galleria-darte-moderna (accessed in: 07.05.2022), (In English).
  • Görsel Kaynaklar
  • Beuys, J. (1968). Evervess II [Water bottle with 2 sodas. 28x17x10cm. 40. Oppression]. https://www.korff-stiftung.de/en/artworks/beuys-joseph/objekte/evervess-ii-1, (accessed in: 07.05.2022).
  • Martin, M. C. (1970). On the Shelf. https://www.michaelcraigmartin.co.uk/artworks/10- early-works/a80-on-the-shelf-1970/ , (accessed in: 07.05.2022).
  • Martin, M. C. (1973). An Oak Tree. https://stringfixer.com/tr/Michael_Craig-Martin
  • Enblom, D. (n.d.). Absolut Enblom. https://beachpackagingdesign.com/boxvox/david- enbloms-aesthetics-incorporated, (accessed in: 07.05.2022).
  • Enblom, D. (1999). Manhattan Air [bottled on at 251 E. 20th St., New York City, NY]. https://beachpackagingdesign.com/boxvox/david-enbloms-aesthetics-incorporated .
  • Meireles, C. (1970). Inserções em Circuitos Ideológicos. https://beachpackagingdesign.com/boxvox/cildo-meireless-cocacola-project, (accessed in: 07.05.2022).
  • Cragg, T. (1998). Cumulus [Glass, 2650 × 1200 × 1200 mm]. Tate Museum. https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/cragg-cumulus-t07792, (accessed in: 07.05.2022).
  • Cragg, T. (1999). Clear Glass Stack [2200 x 1300 x 1400 mm]. Auckland Art Gallery. https://www.aucklandartgallery.com/explore-art-and-ideas/artwork/15059/clear- glass%20stack? q=%2Fexplore-art-and-ideas%2Fartwork%2F15059%2Fclear-glass- stack, , (accessed in: 07.05.2022).
  • Beshty, W. (2008). Signs of the Time [FedEx boxes (various), Installation view]. The Whitney Museum of American Art. https://www.thisiscolossal.com/2017/01/fedex- works-walead-beshty/, , (accessed in: 07.05.2022).
  • Parmiggiani, C. (2003). Shattered. Galleria d’Arte Moderna, Bologna, İtalya. https://www.finanzaonline.com/forum/investimenti-in-arte-e-collezionismo/1702326- claudio-parmiggiani.html?s=a954bcf49eae9a45de98b145be1e039b#post44239676, (accessed in: 07.05.2022).
  • Debombourg, B. (2012). Aerial. [installation]. Abbey's Column Hall. https://www.yatzer.com/Aerial-Baptiste-Debombourg, (accessed in: 07.05.2022).
  • Smithson, R. (1969). Map of Broken Glass (Atlantis). https://www.diaart.org/collection/collection/smithson-robert-map-of-broken-glass- atlantis-1969-2013-027, (accessed in: 07.05.2022).
  • Graham, D. (2013). Groovy Spiral. [two-way mirror, stainless steel]. Lisson Galerisi. https://www.wallpaper.com/art/dan-graham-obituary-1942-2022, (accessed in: 07.05.2022).
  • Erlich, L. (2004). Swimming pool. [installation]. https://coolmaterial.com/travel/the- swimming-pool-by-leandro-erlich/, (accessed in: 07.05.2022).
  • Bell, L. (2017). The Venice Fog: Recent Investigations. [laminated glass]. https://www.wallpaper.com/art/larry-bell-venice-fog-hauser-wirth-zurich, (accessed in: 07.05.2022).
  • Roso, S. (2007). Exploding Glass. [installation]. https://www.facebook.com/studioroso/, (accessed in: 07.05.2022).
  • Park, S. S. (2013). Unwoven Light. http://www.ricegallery.org/soo-sunny-park, (accessed in: 07.05.2022). Huber, S. (n.d.). Arbeiten im Reichtum. https://www.flickr.com/photos/hoeppner/5339521163, (accessed in: 07.05.2022).
  • Brevick, J. [2009]. Redefining Ballerism: Upping The Ante. [Basketball rim, crystals, glass, nylon, brass & steel]. https://www.janabrevick.com/redefining-ballerism, (accessed in: 07.05.2022).
  • Weiwei, A. (2022). La Commedia Umana. https://www.maxhetzler.com/news/2022-03-21- ai-weiweila-commedia-umana-solo-show-baths-diocletian-rome-25-march-3-april- 2022, (accessed in: 07.05.2022).

Open Call: “Glass” as a Phenomenon in Contemporary Art

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 28, 15 - 34, 30.01.2024
https://doi.org/10.16950/iujad.1229337

Öz

The United Nations has declared 2022 as the “International Year of Glass”. Glass is a raw material used for manufacturing many objects from past to present. The reason for referring to glass material today is that glass is the safest choice for the future of humanity in terms of climate crisis and sustainability. Besides its industrial side, it has also become a handicraft by processing glass. Although processing glass was a craft in the beginning, in time, aesthetic concerns have transcended function, and artists have realized the possibilities of glass and have made it the material and subject of art. Traditional forms of glass appear to the public with a more familiar sensitivity, transparency, and mystical quality. Contemporary art focuses on its fragility, amorphous conceptual phenomena, and forms, as well as these typical features. In this sense contemporary art, which deals with many themes with glass, also shares a border experience with this material, and beyond this experience, it presents the material and conceptual extensions of the re- acceptance of an often exciting and risky process to the viewer’s gaze.
There are many examples in contemporary art where glass, updated, turns into a work of art. Especially since the 1950s, these contemporary versions are widely seen.In addition, as it is honored this year as a reference for the future, the glass may attract the attention of-the-art market and more artists. Based on such an awareness, the study focuses on how contemporary artists define glass as a phenomenon as an art material rather than its function, with various interests and clusters of knowledge.

Kaynakça

  • Bayazıt, N. 2008. Tasarımı Anlamak. İstanbul: İdeal Kültür & Yayıncılık .
  • Farrelly, L. 2017. Mimarlıkta Yapım+Malzeme. İstanbul: Literatür Yayınları.
  • Han, B.C. 2021. Güzeli Kurtarmak. İstanbul: İnsan Yayınları.
  • Heartney, E. 2008. Sanat ve Bugün. İstanbul: Akbank Kültür ve Sanat Dizisi.
  • Hodge, S. 2013. Beş Yaşındaki Çocuk Bunu Neden Yapamaz/Açıklamalı Modern Sanat. İstanbul: Hayalperest Yayınevi.
  • Miodownik, M. 2020. Eşyanın Tabiatı: Üstüne Dünya Kurduğumuz Malzemelerin Olağanüstü Öyküleri. İstanbul: Domingo Yayınları.
  • Özgümüş, Ü. 1993. Cam. İslam Ansiklopedisi (7. Cilt). 6.12.2022 tarihinde https://cdn2.islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/dosya/7/C07002566.pdf adresinden alındı.
  • Rona, Z. 1997. Cam İşçiliği: Tarihsel Gelişim. Eczacıbaşı Sanat Ansiklopedisi (1. cilt). İstanbul: Yem Yayınları.
  • Sözen M., Tanyeli U. 1986. Sanat Kavram ve Terimleri Sözlüğü, İstanbul: Remzi Kitabevi. İnternet Kaynakları
  • Brown, K. (2022). The Visionary Artist Dan Graham, Who Was Known For His Glass Pavilions and Astrological Prowess, Has Died at 79. https://news.artnet.com/art-world/dan- graham-obituary-2075863, (accessed in: 07.05.2022), (In English).
  • Delaney, H. (2002). Tony Cragg/Cumulus/1998. https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/cragg-cumulus-t07792, (accessed in: 07.05.2022), (In English).
  • Jobson, C. (9 January 2017). Artist Walead Beshty Shipped Glass Boxes Inside FedEx Boxes to Produce Shattered Sculptures. https://www.thisiscolossal.com/2017/01/fedex- works-walead-beshty/, (accessed in: 07.05.2022), (In English).
  • Ludacer, R. (2010). Cildo Meireles’s Coca-Cola Project. https://beachpackagingdesign.com/boxvox/cildo-meireless-cocacola-project (accessed in: 07.05.2022), (In English).
  • Manchester, E. (2002). Michael Craig-Martin/An Oak Tree 1973. https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/craig-martin-an-oak-tree-l02262 (accessed in: 07.05.2022), (In English).
  • Olcay Uçkan, B.Y. 2008. Cam Tarihine Genel Bir Bakış. https://earsiv.anadolu.edu.tr/xmlui/bitstream/handle/11421/1292/545204.pdf?sequen ce=1&isAllowed=y , (accessed in: 07.05.2022), (In Turkish).
  • Petridou, C. (2022). A Tortuous Cascade Of Bones And Viscera. https://www.designboom.com/art/ai-weiwei-colossal-glass-sculpture-bones-viscera- roman-national-museum-03-26-2022/ (accessed in: 07.05.2022), (In English).
  • Staff, D. (n.d.) Exploding Glass Art Installation. https://dornob.com/exploding-glass-or- architectural-art-installation/ , (accessed in: 07.05.2022), (In English).
  • URL-1, (n.d.). https://pinakothek-beuys-multiples.de/product/evervess/?lang=en, (accessed in: 07.05.2022), (In English).
  • URL-2, (n.d.). 50 cc of Paris Air. https://philamuseum.org/collection/object/51617, (accessed in: 07.05.2022), (In English).
  • URL-3, (2018). Larry Bell Venice Fog: Recent Investigations. https://www.hauserwirth.com/hauser-wirth-exhibitions/6241-larry-bell-venice-fog- recent-investigations/ , (accessed in: 07.05.2022), (In English).
  • Worley, G. (2015). Modern Art Monday Presents: Robert Smithson, Map of Broken Glass (Atlantis). https://worleygig.com/2015/07/27/modern-art-monday-presents-robert- smithson-map-of-broken-glass-atlantis/ , (accessed in: 07.05.2022) (In English).
  • Young, M. (2014). The Claudio Parmiggiani Galleria d’Arte Moderna Show is Shattering. https://www.trendhunter.com/trends/claudio-parmiggiani-galleria-darte-moderna (accessed in: 07.05.2022), (In English).
  • Görsel Kaynaklar
  • Beuys, J. (1968). Evervess II [Water bottle with 2 sodas. 28x17x10cm. 40. Oppression]. https://www.korff-stiftung.de/en/artworks/beuys-joseph/objekte/evervess-ii-1, (accessed in: 07.05.2022).
  • Martin, M. C. (1970). On the Shelf. https://www.michaelcraigmartin.co.uk/artworks/10- early-works/a80-on-the-shelf-1970/ , (accessed in: 07.05.2022).
  • Martin, M. C. (1973). An Oak Tree. https://stringfixer.com/tr/Michael_Craig-Martin
  • Enblom, D. (n.d.). Absolut Enblom. https://beachpackagingdesign.com/boxvox/david- enbloms-aesthetics-incorporated, (accessed in: 07.05.2022).
  • Enblom, D. (1999). Manhattan Air [bottled on at 251 E. 20th St., New York City, NY]. https://beachpackagingdesign.com/boxvox/david-enbloms-aesthetics-incorporated .
  • Meireles, C. (1970). Inserções em Circuitos Ideológicos. https://beachpackagingdesign.com/boxvox/cildo-meireless-cocacola-project, (accessed in: 07.05.2022).
  • Cragg, T. (1998). Cumulus [Glass, 2650 × 1200 × 1200 mm]. Tate Museum. https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/cragg-cumulus-t07792, (accessed in: 07.05.2022).
  • Cragg, T. (1999). Clear Glass Stack [2200 x 1300 x 1400 mm]. Auckland Art Gallery. https://www.aucklandartgallery.com/explore-art-and-ideas/artwork/15059/clear- glass%20stack? q=%2Fexplore-art-and-ideas%2Fartwork%2F15059%2Fclear-glass- stack, , (accessed in: 07.05.2022).
  • Beshty, W. (2008). Signs of the Time [FedEx boxes (various), Installation view]. The Whitney Museum of American Art. https://www.thisiscolossal.com/2017/01/fedex- works-walead-beshty/, , (accessed in: 07.05.2022).
  • Parmiggiani, C. (2003). Shattered. Galleria d’Arte Moderna, Bologna, İtalya. https://www.finanzaonline.com/forum/investimenti-in-arte-e-collezionismo/1702326- claudio-parmiggiani.html?s=a954bcf49eae9a45de98b145be1e039b#post44239676, (accessed in: 07.05.2022).
  • Debombourg, B. (2012). Aerial. [installation]. Abbey's Column Hall. https://www.yatzer.com/Aerial-Baptiste-Debombourg, (accessed in: 07.05.2022).
  • Smithson, R. (1969). Map of Broken Glass (Atlantis). https://www.diaart.org/collection/collection/smithson-robert-map-of-broken-glass- atlantis-1969-2013-027, (accessed in: 07.05.2022).
  • Graham, D. (2013). Groovy Spiral. [two-way mirror, stainless steel]. Lisson Galerisi. https://www.wallpaper.com/art/dan-graham-obituary-1942-2022, (accessed in: 07.05.2022).
  • Erlich, L. (2004). Swimming pool. [installation]. https://coolmaterial.com/travel/the- swimming-pool-by-leandro-erlich/, (accessed in: 07.05.2022).
  • Bell, L. (2017). The Venice Fog: Recent Investigations. [laminated glass]. https://www.wallpaper.com/art/larry-bell-venice-fog-hauser-wirth-zurich, (accessed in: 07.05.2022).
  • Roso, S. (2007). Exploding Glass. [installation]. https://www.facebook.com/studioroso/, (accessed in: 07.05.2022).
  • Park, S. S. (2013). Unwoven Light. http://www.ricegallery.org/soo-sunny-park, (accessed in: 07.05.2022). Huber, S. (n.d.). Arbeiten im Reichtum. https://www.flickr.com/photos/hoeppner/5339521163, (accessed in: 07.05.2022).
  • Brevick, J. [2009]. Redefining Ballerism: Upping The Ante. [Basketball rim, crystals, glass, nylon, brass & steel]. https://www.janabrevick.com/redefining-ballerism, (accessed in: 07.05.2022).
  • Weiwei, A. (2022). La Commedia Umana. https://www.maxhetzler.com/news/2022-03-21- ai-weiweila-commedia-umana-solo-show-baths-diocletian-rome-25-march-3-april- 2022, (accessed in: 07.05.2022).
Toplam 42 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Resim
Bölüm Görsel ve Plastik Sanatlar / Visual and Plastic Arts
Yazarlar

Yeliz Selvi 0000-0002-5012-2650

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 30 Ocak 2024
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Ocak 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 4 Ocak 2023
Kabul Tarihi 6 Kasım 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 13 Sayı: 28

Kaynak Göster

APA Selvi, Y. (2024). Açık Çağrı: Çağdaş Sanatta Bir Fenomen Olarak “Cam”. İnönü Üniversitesi Sanat Ve Tasarım Dergisi, 13(28), 15-34. https://doi.org/10.16950/iujad.1229337