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Psikoloji ve İktisadın Birleşimi Olarak, Davranış‐ sal İktisat

Yıl 2011, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 287 - 321, 01.04.2011

Öz

Bu çalışmada psikoloji ve iktisat arasındaki etkileşim ile ilgili literatür incelenmiştir. Her iki disiplin arasındaki ilişki, bilim tarihinin tekrarla‐ nan konusu olup, son zamanlarda iki alan arasındaki etkileşim iktisatçıların psikoloji bili‐ minden yararlanmaları üzerine yeniden gündeme gelmiştir. Böylece önceleri neoklasik teorinin iktisat yazınında hakimiyetini arttırmasıyla, psikolojik faktörleri göz ardı eden ve insanı sadece akılcı kararlar alan rasyonel varlıklar olarak ele alan modellerin yapısı, değişmeye başlamıştır. Bu çerçevede, disiplinler arası çalışma alanı olarak davranışsal iktisat ortaya çıkmış ve son dönemlerde hızla gelişmiştir. Bu çalışmada iktisat‐psikoloji ilişkisinin tarihsel geçmişi ile iktisat ve psikoloji ortaklığının kavramsal boyutu incelenmekte ve davranışsal iktisadın yöntemlerine değinilmekte‐ dir.

Kaynakça

  • Acar, G. T. (2005), “Tarihsel Koşullar Açısından Neoklasik İktisadın Ortaya Çıkış Süreci, http://www.ceterisparibus.net/dusunce/diger.htm, (Erişim: 05.11.2009).
  • Akerlof, G. A. (1982), “Labor Contracts as Partial Gift Exchange,” Quarterly Journal of Economics, 97(4), 543‐569.
  • Akerlof, G. A. (1984), “Gift Exchange and Efficiency‐Wage Theory: Four Views”, The American Economic Review, 74(2), 79‐83.
  • Akerlof, G A. (2002), “Behavioral Macroeconomics and Macroeconomic Behavior”, The American Economic Review, 92(3), 411‐433.
  • Akın, Z. ve B. Urhan (2010), “İktisat Deneysel Bilim Olmaya Mı Başlıyor?”, İktisat İşletme ve Finans Dergisi, 25(288), 9‐28.
  • Aksoy, T ve I. Şahin (2009), “Belirsizlik Altında Karar Alma: Geleneksel ve Modern Yaklaşımlar”, Türkiye Ekonomi Kurumu Tartışma Metni, No: 2009/7.
  • Akyıldız, H. (2006), “Freud’çu Liberal ve Marksist Kişilik Kuramlarının Türevi Olarak Toplum, İktisat ve Siyaset Teorileri”, Akdeniz İ.İ.B.F. Dergisi, 11, 1‐23.
  • Andromidas, D. (2009), “Behavioral Economics in Europe: Who’s Who” Executive Intelligent Review, 36(19), 32‐34.
  • Angner, E. ve G. Loewenstein (2006), “Behavioral Economics”, http://sds.hss.cmu.edu/media/pdfs/loewenstein/BehavioralEconomics.pdf, (Erişim: 23.12.2009).
  • Asso, P. F. ve L. Fiorito (2004), “Human Nature and Economic Institutions: Instinct Psychology, Behaviorism, and the Development of American Institutionalism”, Journal of the History of Economic Thought, 26(4), 445‐477.
  • Batson, C. D. (2006), “Not All Self‐Interest After All: Economics of Empathy‐ Induced Altruism”, Ed. David De Cremer, Marcel Zeelenberg ve J. Keith Murnighan, Social Psychology and Economics, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers, 281‐299.
  • Bazerman, M. H. ve D. Malhotra (2006), “Economics Wins, Psychology Loses, and Society Pays”, Ed. David De Cremer, Marcel Zeelenberg ve J. Keith Murnighan, Social Psychology and Economics, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers, 263‐280.
  • Bianchi, M. (2003), “A Questioning Economist: Tibor Scitovsky’s Attempt to Bring Joy into Economics”, Journal of Economic Psychology, 24(3), 391‐407.
  • Bruni, L. ve R. Sugden (2007), “The Road not Taken: How Psychology was Removed from Economics and How It Might Be Brought Back”, The Economic Journal, 117(1), 146‐173.
  • Camerer, C. F. (1999a), “Behavioral Economics”, CSWEP Newsletter Winter, http://www.cswep.org/camerer.html, (Erişim: 26.05.2010).
  • Camerer, C. F. (1999b), “Behavioral Economics: Reunifying Psychology and Economics”, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), 96(19), 10575‐10577.
  • Camerer, C. F. ve G. Loewenstein (2004), “Behavioral Economics: Past, Present, Future”, Editors: Colin F. Camerer, George Loewenstein ve Matthew Rabin, Advances in Behavioral Economics, New York: Princeton University Pres.
  • Croson, R. (2005), “The Method of Experimental Economics”, International Negotiation 10: 131–148.
  • Croson, R. (2006), “Contrasting Methods and Comparative Findings in Psychology and Economics”, Ed. David De Cremer, Marcel Zeelenberg ve J. Keith Murnighan, Social Psychology and Economics, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers, 301‐317.
  • Duffy, J. (2008), “Macroeconomics: A Survey of Laboratory Research”, http://www.pitt.edu/~jduffy/papers/hee11.pdf, (Erişim: 18.09.2010).
  • Durusoy, S. (2008), “İktisat Biliminin Yeri ve Yöntemi Neden Sorgulanıyor?”, Uluslararası İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(1), 1‐26.
  • Earl, P. E. (2005), “Economics and Psychology in the Twenty‐Century”, Cambridge Journal of Economics 29(6), 909‐926.
  • Easterlin, R. A. (1974), “Does Economic Growth Improve the Human Lot? Some Empirical Evidence”, Ed. Paul A. David ve M. W. Reder, Nations and Households in Economic Growth: Essay in Honor of Moses Abramowitz, New York and London: Academic Press, 89‐125.
  • Epley, N., D. Mak ve L. C. Idson (2006), “Bonus of Rebate?: The Impact of Income Framing on Spending and Saving”, Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 19(3), 213–227.
  • Fehr, E. ve K. M. Schmidt (1999), “A Theory of Fairness, Competition and Cooperation”, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 114(3), 817‐868.
  • Fehr, E. ve S. Gachter (2000), “Fairness and Relation: The Economics of Reciprocity”, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 14(3), 159‐181.
  • Foote, C. L., L. Goette ve S. Meier (2009), “Behavioral Economics: Its Prospects and Promises for Policymakers”, Ed. Christopher L. Foote, Lorenz Goette, and Stephan Meier, Policymaking Insights from Behavioral Economics, Boston: Federal Reserve Bank of Boston, 3‐47.
  • Frey, B. S. ve M. Benz (2002), “From Imperialism to Inspiration: A Survey of Economics and Psychology”, Institute for Empirical Research in Economics, University of Zurich Working Paper Series, No: 118.
  • Hanedar, A. Ö. (2007), “İktisat Bilimi ve Metodolojik Bir Sınama: Nitel ve Nicel Teknikler Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme”, (Yüksek Lisans Tezi), Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Galeotti F. ve A. Karakostas (2010), “The Promise of Behavioral Economics”, http://www.uea.ac.uk/eco/essays/volume1/Fabio+the+promise+of, (Erişim: 02.10.2010).
  • Kahneman, D. (2003), “Maps of Bounded Rationality: Psychology for Behavioral Economics”, The American Economic Review, 93(5), 1449‐1475.
  • Kahneman, D. ve A. Twersky (1973), “On the Psychology of Prediction” Psychological Review, 80(4), 237–51.
  • Kahneman, D. ve A. Twersky (1979), “Prospect Theory: An Analysis of Decision under Risk”, Econometrica 47(2), 263‐291.
  • Katona G. (1949), “Effect of Income Changes on the Rate of Saving”, the Review of Economics and Statistics, 31(2), 95‐103.
  • Katona G. (1951), Psychological Analysis of Economic Behavior, New York: Mc Graw Hill.
  • Keynes, J. M. (1936), The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money, London: Macmillan (reprinted 2007).
  • Laibson, D. (1996), “Hyperbolic Discount Functions, Undersaving and Saving Plans”, NBER Working Papers, No: 5635.
  • Lewin, S. B. (1996), “Economics and Psychology: Lessons for Our Own Day from the Early Twentieth Century”, Journal of Economic Literature, 34(10), 1293‐1323.
  • Loewenstein, G. (1999), “Experimental Economics from the Vantage‐Point of Behavioral Economics”, The Economic Journal, 109(453), F25‐F34.
  • Matsuyama, N. (2009), “Relativity of Alfred Marshall’s Psychological Research and Economics”, http://room409‐1.ih.otaru‐uc.ac.jp/~yss2009/papers/Matsuyama% 2020090325. pdf, (Erişim: 14.05.2010).
  • McDonald, I. (2005), “Some Policy Implications of Behavioral Economics: Introduction”, The Australian Economic Review, 38(3), 282‐284.
  • Mises, L. (2008), İnsan Eylemi, İktisat Üzerine Bir İnceleme, Çev.: İ. Aktar, Ankara: Liberte Yayınları.
  • O’Donoghue, T. ve M. Rabin (1999), “Incentives for Procrastinators”, The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 114(3), 769‐816.
  • Otto, A. M. C. (2009), “The Economic Psychology of Adolescent Saving”, University of Exeter Doktora Tezi, http://eric.exeter.ac.uk/exeter/bitstream/10036/83873/3/OttoA.pdf, (Erişim: 10.12.2009).
  • Önder, İ. (2004), “İktisat ve Psikoloji İlişkisi Üzerine”, İktisat Dergisi, 463(9), 53‐58.
  • Özen, A. (2004), “Yürekten Bağlılık: Nereye Kadar?”, Pivolka, 3(14), 15‐17.
  • Pesendorfer, W. (2006), “Behavioral Economics Comes of Age: A Review Essay on Advances in Behavioral Economics”, Journal of Economic Literature, 44(3), 712‐ 721.
  • Poterba, J. M. (2009), “Behavioral Economics and Public Policy: Reflections on the Past and Lessons for the Future”, Ed. Christopher L. Foote, Lorenz Goette, and Stephan Meier, Policymaking Insights from Behavioral Economics, Boston: Federal Reserve Bank of Boston, 369‐377.
  • Rabin M. (1998), “Psychology and Economics”, Journal of Economic Literature, 36(3), 11‐46.
  • Rabin M. (2002), “A Perspective on Psychology and Economics”, European Economic Review, 46(4–5), 657–85.
  • Ricciuti, R. (2002), “Bringing Macroeconomics into the Lab”, University of Siena Economics Working Paper, No. 374.
  • Rosenau, P. V. (2005), “Is Economic Theory Wrong about Human”, Journal of Economic and Social Policy, 10(2), 61‐77.
  • Schabas, M. (2005), The Natural Origins of Economics, Chicago/London: The Chicago University Press.
  • Scitovsky, T. (1976). The Joyless Economy: The Psychology of Human Satisfaction, Oxford: Oxford University Press, (revised edition 1992
  • Sent, E. M. (2004), “Behavioral Economics: How Psychology Made Its (Limited) Way Back Into Economics”, History of Political Economy, 36(4), 735‐760.
  • Shefrin, H. M. ve R. H. Thaler (1988), “The Behavioral Life‐Cycle Hypothesis”, Economic Inquiry, 26(4), 609‐603.
  • Shefrin, H. M. ve R. H. Thaler (1992), “Mental Accounting, Saving, and Self‐ control”, Ed. G. Loewenstein ve J. Elster, Choice over Time, New York, Russell Sage Foundation, 287‐330.
  • Shostak, F. (2002), Davranışsal İktisat, Deneysel İktisat ve Avusturya İktisadı, Çev.: Atilla Yayla,” http://www.ekodialog.com/makaleler/davranissal‐iktisat‐denysel‐ iktisat.html, (Erişim: 27.11.2009).
  • Simon, H. (1955), “A Behavioral Model of Rational Choice”, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 69(1), 99‐118.
  • Tarde, G. (2004), Ekonomik Psikoloji, Çev: Özcan Doğan, İstanbul: Öteki Yayınevi.
  • Taşdemir, M. (2006), “Dinamik Genel Denge Modellerinde Zamanlararası Tercihler: İndirgenmiş Fayda Teorisi ve Yetersizlikleri”, SÜ İİBF Sosyal ve Ekonomik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 6(12), 115‐129.
  • Thaler, R. H. (1980), “Toward a Positive Theory of Consumer Choice”, Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 1(1), 39‐60.
  • Thaler R. H. (1981), “Some Empirical Evidence on Dynamic Inconsistency” Economics Letters, 8(3), 201‐207.
  • Thaler, R. H. (1985), “Mental Accounting and Consumer Choice”, Science, 4(3), 199‐214.
  • Thaler, R. H. (1997), “Irving Fisher: Modern Behavioral Economist”, The American Economic Review, 87(2), 439‐441.
  • Tomer, J. F. (2007), “What is Behavioral Economics?”, The Journal of Socio‐ Economics, 36(3), 463‐479.
  • Tversky, A. ve D. Kahneman (1981), “The Framing of Decisions and the Psychology of Choice”, Science 21(1), 453‐458.
  • Tversky, A. and D. Kahneman (1974), “Judgment under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases” Science, 185(4157), 1124–1131.
  • Tversky, A. ve D. Kahneman (1986), “Rational Choice and the Framing of Decisions.” Journal of Business, 59(4), S251–S278.
  • Tversky, A. and D. Kahneman (1992), “Advances in Prospect Theory: Cumulative Representation of Uncertainty”, Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, 5(4), 297–323.
  • Yellen, J. L. (2009), “Implications of Behavioral Economics for Monetary Policy”, Ed. Christopher L. Foote, Lorenz Goette, and Stephan Meier, Policymaking Insights from Behavioral Economics, Boston: Federal Reserve Bank of Boston, 379‐393.
  • Zafiroski, M. (2001), “Max Weber’s Analysis of Marginal Utility Theory and Psychology Revisited: Latent Propositions in Economic Sociology and the Sociology of Economic”, History of Political Economy, 33(3), 437‐458.
  • Zwick, R., I. Erev ve D. Budescu (1999), “The Psychological and Economical Pers‐ pective on Human Decisions in Social and Interactive Contexts”, Ed. Rami Zwick, Ido Erev ve David Budescu, Games and Human Behavior: Essay in Honor of Am‐ mon Rapoport, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers, 3‐20.

Behavioral Economics, as a Combination of Psychology and Economics

Yıl 2011, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 287 - 321, 01.04.2011

Öz

This paper analyzes the literature on the interac‐tion between psychology and economics. The relationship between these two disciplines has been once again on the agenda lately, as econ‐omists have started to use psychological litera‐ture in their work. Previously, with the neoclas‐sical theory being the dominant view in the economics literature, economic models ignored psychological factors and treated human beings as purely rational decision makers. But this has begun to change. Behavioral economics has emerged as an interdisciplinary science and developed quickly in recent years. In this paper conceptual dimension of the collaboration of psychology and economics as well as the histori‐cal relationship between these two disciplines are examined. And then the methodology of behavioral economics is discussed.

Kaynakça

  • Acar, G. T. (2005), “Tarihsel Koşullar Açısından Neoklasik İktisadın Ortaya Çıkış Süreci, http://www.ceterisparibus.net/dusunce/diger.htm, (Erişim: 05.11.2009).
  • Akerlof, G. A. (1982), “Labor Contracts as Partial Gift Exchange,” Quarterly Journal of Economics, 97(4), 543‐569.
  • Akerlof, G. A. (1984), “Gift Exchange and Efficiency‐Wage Theory: Four Views”, The American Economic Review, 74(2), 79‐83.
  • Akerlof, G A. (2002), “Behavioral Macroeconomics and Macroeconomic Behavior”, The American Economic Review, 92(3), 411‐433.
  • Akın, Z. ve B. Urhan (2010), “İktisat Deneysel Bilim Olmaya Mı Başlıyor?”, İktisat İşletme ve Finans Dergisi, 25(288), 9‐28.
  • Aksoy, T ve I. Şahin (2009), “Belirsizlik Altında Karar Alma: Geleneksel ve Modern Yaklaşımlar”, Türkiye Ekonomi Kurumu Tartışma Metni, No: 2009/7.
  • Akyıldız, H. (2006), “Freud’çu Liberal ve Marksist Kişilik Kuramlarının Türevi Olarak Toplum, İktisat ve Siyaset Teorileri”, Akdeniz İ.İ.B.F. Dergisi, 11, 1‐23.
  • Andromidas, D. (2009), “Behavioral Economics in Europe: Who’s Who” Executive Intelligent Review, 36(19), 32‐34.
  • Angner, E. ve G. Loewenstein (2006), “Behavioral Economics”, http://sds.hss.cmu.edu/media/pdfs/loewenstein/BehavioralEconomics.pdf, (Erişim: 23.12.2009).
  • Asso, P. F. ve L. Fiorito (2004), “Human Nature and Economic Institutions: Instinct Psychology, Behaviorism, and the Development of American Institutionalism”, Journal of the History of Economic Thought, 26(4), 445‐477.
  • Batson, C. D. (2006), “Not All Self‐Interest After All: Economics of Empathy‐ Induced Altruism”, Ed. David De Cremer, Marcel Zeelenberg ve J. Keith Murnighan, Social Psychology and Economics, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers, 281‐299.
  • Bazerman, M. H. ve D. Malhotra (2006), “Economics Wins, Psychology Loses, and Society Pays”, Ed. David De Cremer, Marcel Zeelenberg ve J. Keith Murnighan, Social Psychology and Economics, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers, 263‐280.
  • Bianchi, M. (2003), “A Questioning Economist: Tibor Scitovsky’s Attempt to Bring Joy into Economics”, Journal of Economic Psychology, 24(3), 391‐407.
  • Bruni, L. ve R. Sugden (2007), “The Road not Taken: How Psychology was Removed from Economics and How It Might Be Brought Back”, The Economic Journal, 117(1), 146‐173.
  • Camerer, C. F. (1999a), “Behavioral Economics”, CSWEP Newsletter Winter, http://www.cswep.org/camerer.html, (Erişim: 26.05.2010).
  • Camerer, C. F. (1999b), “Behavioral Economics: Reunifying Psychology and Economics”, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), 96(19), 10575‐10577.
  • Camerer, C. F. ve G. Loewenstein (2004), “Behavioral Economics: Past, Present, Future”, Editors: Colin F. Camerer, George Loewenstein ve Matthew Rabin, Advances in Behavioral Economics, New York: Princeton University Pres.
  • Croson, R. (2005), “The Method of Experimental Economics”, International Negotiation 10: 131–148.
  • Croson, R. (2006), “Contrasting Methods and Comparative Findings in Psychology and Economics”, Ed. David De Cremer, Marcel Zeelenberg ve J. Keith Murnighan, Social Psychology and Economics, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers, 301‐317.
  • Duffy, J. (2008), “Macroeconomics: A Survey of Laboratory Research”, http://www.pitt.edu/~jduffy/papers/hee11.pdf, (Erişim: 18.09.2010).
  • Durusoy, S. (2008), “İktisat Biliminin Yeri ve Yöntemi Neden Sorgulanıyor?”, Uluslararası İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(1), 1‐26.
  • Earl, P. E. (2005), “Economics and Psychology in the Twenty‐Century”, Cambridge Journal of Economics 29(6), 909‐926.
  • Easterlin, R. A. (1974), “Does Economic Growth Improve the Human Lot? Some Empirical Evidence”, Ed. Paul A. David ve M. W. Reder, Nations and Households in Economic Growth: Essay in Honor of Moses Abramowitz, New York and London: Academic Press, 89‐125.
  • Epley, N., D. Mak ve L. C. Idson (2006), “Bonus of Rebate?: The Impact of Income Framing on Spending and Saving”, Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 19(3), 213–227.
  • Fehr, E. ve K. M. Schmidt (1999), “A Theory of Fairness, Competition and Cooperation”, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 114(3), 817‐868.
  • Fehr, E. ve S. Gachter (2000), “Fairness and Relation: The Economics of Reciprocity”, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 14(3), 159‐181.
  • Foote, C. L., L. Goette ve S. Meier (2009), “Behavioral Economics: Its Prospects and Promises for Policymakers”, Ed. Christopher L. Foote, Lorenz Goette, and Stephan Meier, Policymaking Insights from Behavioral Economics, Boston: Federal Reserve Bank of Boston, 3‐47.
  • Frey, B. S. ve M. Benz (2002), “From Imperialism to Inspiration: A Survey of Economics and Psychology”, Institute for Empirical Research in Economics, University of Zurich Working Paper Series, No: 118.
  • Hanedar, A. Ö. (2007), “İktisat Bilimi ve Metodolojik Bir Sınama: Nitel ve Nicel Teknikler Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme”, (Yüksek Lisans Tezi), Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Galeotti F. ve A. Karakostas (2010), “The Promise of Behavioral Economics”, http://www.uea.ac.uk/eco/essays/volume1/Fabio+the+promise+of, (Erişim: 02.10.2010).
  • Kahneman, D. (2003), “Maps of Bounded Rationality: Psychology for Behavioral Economics”, The American Economic Review, 93(5), 1449‐1475.
  • Kahneman, D. ve A. Twersky (1973), “On the Psychology of Prediction” Psychological Review, 80(4), 237–51.
  • Kahneman, D. ve A. Twersky (1979), “Prospect Theory: An Analysis of Decision under Risk”, Econometrica 47(2), 263‐291.
  • Katona G. (1949), “Effect of Income Changes on the Rate of Saving”, the Review of Economics and Statistics, 31(2), 95‐103.
  • Katona G. (1951), Psychological Analysis of Economic Behavior, New York: Mc Graw Hill.
  • Keynes, J. M. (1936), The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money, London: Macmillan (reprinted 2007).
  • Laibson, D. (1996), “Hyperbolic Discount Functions, Undersaving and Saving Plans”, NBER Working Papers, No: 5635.
  • Lewin, S. B. (1996), “Economics and Psychology: Lessons for Our Own Day from the Early Twentieth Century”, Journal of Economic Literature, 34(10), 1293‐1323.
  • Loewenstein, G. (1999), “Experimental Economics from the Vantage‐Point of Behavioral Economics”, The Economic Journal, 109(453), F25‐F34.
  • Matsuyama, N. (2009), “Relativity of Alfred Marshall’s Psychological Research and Economics”, http://room409‐1.ih.otaru‐uc.ac.jp/~yss2009/papers/Matsuyama% 2020090325. pdf, (Erişim: 14.05.2010).
  • McDonald, I. (2005), “Some Policy Implications of Behavioral Economics: Introduction”, The Australian Economic Review, 38(3), 282‐284.
  • Mises, L. (2008), İnsan Eylemi, İktisat Üzerine Bir İnceleme, Çev.: İ. Aktar, Ankara: Liberte Yayınları.
  • O’Donoghue, T. ve M. Rabin (1999), “Incentives for Procrastinators”, The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 114(3), 769‐816.
  • Otto, A. M. C. (2009), “The Economic Psychology of Adolescent Saving”, University of Exeter Doktora Tezi, http://eric.exeter.ac.uk/exeter/bitstream/10036/83873/3/OttoA.pdf, (Erişim: 10.12.2009).
  • Önder, İ. (2004), “İktisat ve Psikoloji İlişkisi Üzerine”, İktisat Dergisi, 463(9), 53‐58.
  • Özen, A. (2004), “Yürekten Bağlılık: Nereye Kadar?”, Pivolka, 3(14), 15‐17.
  • Pesendorfer, W. (2006), “Behavioral Economics Comes of Age: A Review Essay on Advances in Behavioral Economics”, Journal of Economic Literature, 44(3), 712‐ 721.
  • Poterba, J. M. (2009), “Behavioral Economics and Public Policy: Reflections on the Past and Lessons for the Future”, Ed. Christopher L. Foote, Lorenz Goette, and Stephan Meier, Policymaking Insights from Behavioral Economics, Boston: Federal Reserve Bank of Boston, 369‐377.
  • Rabin M. (1998), “Psychology and Economics”, Journal of Economic Literature, 36(3), 11‐46.
  • Rabin M. (2002), “A Perspective on Psychology and Economics”, European Economic Review, 46(4–5), 657–85.
  • Ricciuti, R. (2002), “Bringing Macroeconomics into the Lab”, University of Siena Economics Working Paper, No. 374.
  • Rosenau, P. V. (2005), “Is Economic Theory Wrong about Human”, Journal of Economic and Social Policy, 10(2), 61‐77.
  • Schabas, M. (2005), The Natural Origins of Economics, Chicago/London: The Chicago University Press.
  • Scitovsky, T. (1976). The Joyless Economy: The Psychology of Human Satisfaction, Oxford: Oxford University Press, (revised edition 1992
  • Sent, E. M. (2004), “Behavioral Economics: How Psychology Made Its (Limited) Way Back Into Economics”, History of Political Economy, 36(4), 735‐760.
  • Shefrin, H. M. ve R. H. Thaler (1988), “The Behavioral Life‐Cycle Hypothesis”, Economic Inquiry, 26(4), 609‐603.
  • Shefrin, H. M. ve R. H. Thaler (1992), “Mental Accounting, Saving, and Self‐ control”, Ed. G. Loewenstein ve J. Elster, Choice over Time, New York, Russell Sage Foundation, 287‐330.
  • Shostak, F. (2002), Davranışsal İktisat, Deneysel İktisat ve Avusturya İktisadı, Çev.: Atilla Yayla,” http://www.ekodialog.com/makaleler/davranissal‐iktisat‐denysel‐ iktisat.html, (Erişim: 27.11.2009).
  • Simon, H. (1955), “A Behavioral Model of Rational Choice”, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 69(1), 99‐118.
  • Tarde, G. (2004), Ekonomik Psikoloji, Çev: Özcan Doğan, İstanbul: Öteki Yayınevi.
  • Taşdemir, M. (2006), “Dinamik Genel Denge Modellerinde Zamanlararası Tercihler: İndirgenmiş Fayda Teorisi ve Yetersizlikleri”, SÜ İİBF Sosyal ve Ekonomik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 6(12), 115‐129.
  • Thaler, R. H. (1980), “Toward a Positive Theory of Consumer Choice”, Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 1(1), 39‐60.
  • Thaler R. H. (1981), “Some Empirical Evidence on Dynamic Inconsistency” Economics Letters, 8(3), 201‐207.
  • Thaler, R. H. (1985), “Mental Accounting and Consumer Choice”, Science, 4(3), 199‐214.
  • Thaler, R. H. (1997), “Irving Fisher: Modern Behavioral Economist”, The American Economic Review, 87(2), 439‐441.
  • Tomer, J. F. (2007), “What is Behavioral Economics?”, The Journal of Socio‐ Economics, 36(3), 463‐479.
  • Tversky, A. ve D. Kahneman (1981), “The Framing of Decisions and the Psychology of Choice”, Science 21(1), 453‐458.
  • Tversky, A. and D. Kahneman (1974), “Judgment under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases” Science, 185(4157), 1124–1131.
  • Tversky, A. ve D. Kahneman (1986), “Rational Choice and the Framing of Decisions.” Journal of Business, 59(4), S251–S278.
  • Tversky, A. and D. Kahneman (1992), “Advances in Prospect Theory: Cumulative Representation of Uncertainty”, Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, 5(4), 297–323.
  • Yellen, J. L. (2009), “Implications of Behavioral Economics for Monetary Policy”, Ed. Christopher L. Foote, Lorenz Goette, and Stephan Meier, Policymaking Insights from Behavioral Economics, Boston: Federal Reserve Bank of Boston, 379‐393.
  • Zafiroski, M. (2001), “Max Weber’s Analysis of Marginal Utility Theory and Psychology Revisited: Latent Propositions in Economic Sociology and the Sociology of Economic”, History of Political Economy, 33(3), 437‐458.
  • Zwick, R., I. Erev ve D. Budescu (1999), “The Psychological and Economical Pers‐ pective on Human Decisions in Social and Interactive Contexts”, Ed. Rami Zwick, Ido Erev ve David Budescu, Games and Human Behavior: Essay in Honor of Am‐ mon Rapoport, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers, 3‐20.
Toplam 73 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Research Article
Yazarlar

Rüya Eser

Davletkan Toıgonbaeva Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Nisan 2011
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2011 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Eser, R., & Toıgonbaeva, D. (2011). Psikoloji ve İktisadın Birleşimi Olarak, Davranış‐ sal İktisat. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 6(1), 287-321.