The Effect of Education and Health as Fundamentals of Human Capital on Global Competition: A Panel Data Analysis on OECD Countries

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 3, 766 - 791, 01.12.2023

Kadir Sain Kurtuluş Bozkurt

https://doi.org/10.17153/oguiibf.1278550

Öz

The aim of the current study is to analyze the effect of education and health as the main elements of human capital on global competition in Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries using the Granger Panel Causality Test. Accordingly, in the application part of the study, with the data obtained from the World Economic Forum (WEF), the World Bank (WB), the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and the World Health Organization (WHO) databases, a panel data set was established for 18 OECD countries for which healthy data could be reached for the period of 2004-2018. As a result of the analysis, a causality relationship was determined between each variable representing education and health as the basic elements of human capital and the global competition for short term. When the results of the Westerlund (2007) panel cointegration test were examined, it was seen that there is a long-term relationship between the Global Competitiveness Index (gci) variable and all the other variables except for variables h1 and h2.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Human Capital, Education, Health, Global Competition, OECD, Turkey, Panel Causality Test

Beşerî Sermaye Temel Unsurları Olarak Eğitim ve Sağlığın Küresel Rekabete Etkisi: OECD Ülkeleri Üzerine Bir Panel Veri Analizi

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Ekonomik İşbirliği ve Kalkınma Örgütü (OECD) ülkelerinde beşeri sermaye temel unsurları olarak eğitim ve sağlığın küresel rekabete etkisini Granger Panel Nedensellik Testi ile analiz etmektir. Çalışmanın uygulama kısmında Dünya Ekonomik Forumu (World Economic Forum [WEF]), Dünya Bankası (World Bank [WB]), Birleşmiş Milletler Eğitim, Bilim ve Kültür Örgütü (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization [UNESCO]) ve Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (World Health Organization [WHO]) veri tabanların elde edilen veriler ile 2004-2018 dönemini kapsayan ve sağlıklı verilerine ulaşılan 18 OECD ülkesi için panel veri seti kurulmuştur. Analiz sonucunda beşerî sermaye temel unsurları olarak eğitim ve sağlığı temsil eden her bir değişken ile küresel rekabet arasında kısa dönem için bir ilişkinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Westernlund (2007) Panel Eşbütünleşme testi sonuçlarına bakıldığında ise h1 ve h2 değişkeni hariç diğer tüm değişkenler ile gci; yani küresel rekabet endeksi değişkeni arasında uzun dönemli bir ilişkini olduğu görülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Beşeri Sermaye, Eğitim, Sağlık, Küresel Rekabet, OECD, Türkiye, Panel Nedensellik Testi

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