Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster
Yıl 2023, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 1, 20 - 30, 15.01.2024
https://doi.org/10.17261/Pressacademia.2023.1846

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Cholnoky J. (1936). A Föld és élete – Világrészek, országok, emberek. Európa. Franklin-Társulat kiadása, 366-434.
  • Derudder, B., Liu X., & Kunaka, C. (2018) Connectivity along Overland Corridors of the Belt and Road Initiative, MTI Global Practice, World Bank Group, Washington, 8-47.
  • Engelbert I., & Sági J. (2017) Az Új selyemút kezdeményezés szerepe, céljai. Külügyi Szemle, 16(3), 85-104.
  • Erdősi F. (2019) Középső-Európa tengerikikötő-választásának tartós és változó tényezői, Közlekedéstudományi Szemle, 2019. Vol. LXIX/2., pp. 8-21.
  • Erdősi F. (2021) A globalizálódott tengerhajózás és a világkereskedelem, Közgazdasági- és Regionális Tudományi Kutatóközpont Regionális Kutatások Intézete, Pécs, pp. 11-446.
  • Eszterhai V. (2016) Kelet-Közép Európa és Magyarország helye a Selyemúton, Pageo – Geopolitikai Kutatóintézet, http://www.geopolitika.hu/hu/2016/11/24/kelet-kozep-europa-es-magyarorszag-helye-a-selyemuton/#_ednref13 (Accessed: 2023.02.18)
  • Council Decision (EU, Euratom) 2020/2053 of 14 December 2020 on the system of own resources of the European Union and repealing Decision 2014/335/EU, Euratom, Article 11. (5), https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/HU/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32020D2053&from=HU, (Accessed: 2023.10.19.)
  • European Commission (2018) EU Budget for the Future, Vol. 2, Own Resources, Proposal of the Commission for 2021-2027 multiannual financial framework, Brussels, SWD (2018) 172. pp. 1-100.
  • European Commission (2022) National contributions, https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/eu-budget/long-term-eu-budget/2021-2027/revenue/own-resources/national-contributions_en, (Accessed: 2023.09.28)
  • Eurostat (2023) EU spending and revenue 2014-2020, https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/eu-budget/long-term-eu-budget/2014-2020/spending-and-revenue_en (Accessed: 2023.10.15)
  • Gussarova, A., Aminjonov, F., & Khon, Y. (2017) The Eurasian Economic Union and the Silk Road Economic Belt – Competition or Convergence? Implications for Central Asia, Friedrich Ebert Stiftung, Almaty, 6-28.
  • Halmai P. (2018) Az Európai Unió közös költségvetése, Dialóg Campus Kiadó, 5-35.
  • Hodgkinson, P.J. (2016) Development of seamless rail-based intermodal transport services in Northeast and Central Asia, UNESCAP Report
  • Krugman, P. (1991) Geography and Trade, MIT Press, 1-142.
  • Lechmacher, W. (2015) What can the New Silk Road do for global trade? in World Economic Forum and Financial Times, 22nd September 2015, https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2015/09/what-can-the-new-silk-road-do-for-global-trade (Accessed: 2020.10.06)
  • OECD (2018) China’s Belt and Road Initiative in the Global Trade, Investment and Finance Landscape, 1-46.
  • Pepe, J.M. (2019) Eurasia: Playing Field or Battle Field? - Defining an Effective German and European Approach on Connectivity Toward China and Russia? in DGAP Analysis – German Council on Foreign Relations, (2), 1-22.
  • Péti M. & all (2017) Az Új Selyemút Gazdasági Övezet geostratégiai és földrajzi dimenziói, Gazdaságföldrajz, Geoökonómia és Fenntartható Fejlődés Intézet, 1-536.
  • Port of Gdansk (2021) Port of Gdansk strikes new ‘Black Sea to the Baltic’ trade route deal with Ukraine (Accessed: 2023.10.21)
  • Railfreight (2021a) Railways plans for Antwerp and Zeebrugge still on agenda, https://www.railfreight.com/railfreight/2021/02/16/railway-plans-for-antwerp-and-zeebrugge-still-on-the-agenda/ (Accessed: 2023.10.17)
  • Railfreight (2021b) New railway line directly connects port of Gdansk and Ukraine, https://www.railfreight.com/railfreight/2021/02/22/new-railway-line-directly-connects-port-of-gdansk-and-ukraine/ (Accessed: 2023.10.18)
  • Railfreight (2022) Austrians officially pull out of Kosice-Vienna broad gauge project, https://www.railfreight.com/policy/2022/05/23/austrians-officially-pull-out-of-kosice-vienna-broad-gauge-project/ (Accessed: 2023.10.18)
  • Richet, X. (2018) 16+1 Cooperation and China-EU Relationship, in Xin, C. & Zhigao, H. (edit) China-CEE Institute Nonprofit Ltd., Budapest, pp. 1-220.
  • Rodrigue, J-P. (2020) The Geography of Transport System, Routledge, New York, 1-480.
  • Smith, K. (2022) China-Europe Express train reaches Germany in 10 days in International Railway Journal (Accessed: 2023.10.16)
  • Tiezzi, S. (2014) The New, Improved Shanghai Cooperation Organization - China’s ambitious goals for the SCO are helped by the imminent addition of three new members. The Diplomat, https://thediplomat.com/2014/09/the-new-improved-shanghai-cooperation-organization/ (Accessed: 2023.10.16)
  • Wijeratne D., Yau J., Wong G., Rathbone M., Ling N. B., Lau S. (2017) Repaving the ancient Silk Routes, PwC Growth Market Centre, 1-80.
  • Wolffgang H.M., Brovka, G., & Belozerov, I. (2013) The Eurasian Customs Union in transition. World Customs Journal, 7(2), 93-104.
  • World Bank (2021) Implementation Completion and Result Report – Pap-Angren Railway. Transport Global Practice Europe and Central Asia Region, Report No.: ICR00005103, 1-63.
  • World Bank Group (2019) Belt and Road Economics, Opportunities and Risks of Transport Corridors, Washington DC, 43-64.

RELATIONS BETWEEN THE CENTRAL-EUROPEAN TRADE ROUTES AND REVENUES OF EU MEMBERS

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 1, 20 - 30, 15.01.2024
https://doi.org/10.17261/Pressacademia.2023.1846

Öz

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to anaylse the trade and economic relations of European Union member states which are important gate of EU trade with third countries. This research highlights the shifting of the trade routes and economic geographic process. What kind of impacts are there in EU countries that a significant part of EU-Chine trade has been moving from vessels to freight trains or to combined, overland-maritime transportation. It has partly taken out the former China – Rotterdam/Hamburg maritime way.
This paper is analysing the role of Port of Piraeus in this process as the pretty new but very important port for the Chinese COSCO maritime transportation company and on other hand how does the new structure change the revenues for the members in this situation.
Methodology - The study employs the so-called collection cost. It is an important revenue for the member states. It comes from the Traditional own resources, it is 20 percent of the tariffs. It remains in the budget of EU member states and only 80 percent goes to the Brussels budget. The old members especially Netherlands, Belgium and Germany want to protect their own current position and share in the integration trade with third/external partners. It means that these countries can handle the tariff administration and get the mentioned 20 percent amount.
Findings - The analysis reveals that the new EU members with high potential in international trade would like to recut the “trade-cake” to receive higher benefits from it due to the mentioned collection cost or the value-added-tax related to logistics and manufacturing industries.
Conclusion - Based upon the analysis, it may be concluded that every member state can increase the profit from the collection cost and value-added-tax and on other hand they can decrease the direct GNI-based contribution to EU’s budget due to a better position in international trade.

Kaynakça

  • Cholnoky J. (1936). A Föld és élete – Világrészek, országok, emberek. Európa. Franklin-Társulat kiadása, 366-434.
  • Derudder, B., Liu X., & Kunaka, C. (2018) Connectivity along Overland Corridors of the Belt and Road Initiative, MTI Global Practice, World Bank Group, Washington, 8-47.
  • Engelbert I., & Sági J. (2017) Az Új selyemút kezdeményezés szerepe, céljai. Külügyi Szemle, 16(3), 85-104.
  • Erdősi F. (2019) Középső-Európa tengerikikötő-választásának tartós és változó tényezői, Közlekedéstudományi Szemle, 2019. Vol. LXIX/2., pp. 8-21.
  • Erdősi F. (2021) A globalizálódott tengerhajózás és a világkereskedelem, Közgazdasági- és Regionális Tudományi Kutatóközpont Regionális Kutatások Intézete, Pécs, pp. 11-446.
  • Eszterhai V. (2016) Kelet-Közép Európa és Magyarország helye a Selyemúton, Pageo – Geopolitikai Kutatóintézet, http://www.geopolitika.hu/hu/2016/11/24/kelet-kozep-europa-es-magyarorszag-helye-a-selyemuton/#_ednref13 (Accessed: 2023.02.18)
  • Council Decision (EU, Euratom) 2020/2053 of 14 December 2020 on the system of own resources of the European Union and repealing Decision 2014/335/EU, Euratom, Article 11. (5), https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/HU/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32020D2053&from=HU, (Accessed: 2023.10.19.)
  • European Commission (2018) EU Budget for the Future, Vol. 2, Own Resources, Proposal of the Commission for 2021-2027 multiannual financial framework, Brussels, SWD (2018) 172. pp. 1-100.
  • European Commission (2022) National contributions, https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/eu-budget/long-term-eu-budget/2021-2027/revenue/own-resources/national-contributions_en, (Accessed: 2023.09.28)
  • Eurostat (2023) EU spending and revenue 2014-2020, https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/eu-budget/long-term-eu-budget/2014-2020/spending-and-revenue_en (Accessed: 2023.10.15)
  • Gussarova, A., Aminjonov, F., & Khon, Y. (2017) The Eurasian Economic Union and the Silk Road Economic Belt – Competition or Convergence? Implications for Central Asia, Friedrich Ebert Stiftung, Almaty, 6-28.
  • Halmai P. (2018) Az Európai Unió közös költségvetése, Dialóg Campus Kiadó, 5-35.
  • Hodgkinson, P.J. (2016) Development of seamless rail-based intermodal transport services in Northeast and Central Asia, UNESCAP Report
  • Krugman, P. (1991) Geography and Trade, MIT Press, 1-142.
  • Lechmacher, W. (2015) What can the New Silk Road do for global trade? in World Economic Forum and Financial Times, 22nd September 2015, https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2015/09/what-can-the-new-silk-road-do-for-global-trade (Accessed: 2020.10.06)
  • OECD (2018) China’s Belt and Road Initiative in the Global Trade, Investment and Finance Landscape, 1-46.
  • Pepe, J.M. (2019) Eurasia: Playing Field or Battle Field? - Defining an Effective German and European Approach on Connectivity Toward China and Russia? in DGAP Analysis – German Council on Foreign Relations, (2), 1-22.
  • Péti M. & all (2017) Az Új Selyemút Gazdasági Övezet geostratégiai és földrajzi dimenziói, Gazdaságföldrajz, Geoökonómia és Fenntartható Fejlődés Intézet, 1-536.
  • Port of Gdansk (2021) Port of Gdansk strikes new ‘Black Sea to the Baltic’ trade route deal with Ukraine (Accessed: 2023.10.21)
  • Railfreight (2021a) Railways plans for Antwerp and Zeebrugge still on agenda, https://www.railfreight.com/railfreight/2021/02/16/railway-plans-for-antwerp-and-zeebrugge-still-on-the-agenda/ (Accessed: 2023.10.17)
  • Railfreight (2021b) New railway line directly connects port of Gdansk and Ukraine, https://www.railfreight.com/railfreight/2021/02/22/new-railway-line-directly-connects-port-of-gdansk-and-ukraine/ (Accessed: 2023.10.18)
  • Railfreight (2022) Austrians officially pull out of Kosice-Vienna broad gauge project, https://www.railfreight.com/policy/2022/05/23/austrians-officially-pull-out-of-kosice-vienna-broad-gauge-project/ (Accessed: 2023.10.18)
  • Richet, X. (2018) 16+1 Cooperation and China-EU Relationship, in Xin, C. & Zhigao, H. (edit) China-CEE Institute Nonprofit Ltd., Budapest, pp. 1-220.
  • Rodrigue, J-P. (2020) The Geography of Transport System, Routledge, New York, 1-480.
  • Smith, K. (2022) China-Europe Express train reaches Germany in 10 days in International Railway Journal (Accessed: 2023.10.16)
  • Tiezzi, S. (2014) The New, Improved Shanghai Cooperation Organization - China’s ambitious goals for the SCO are helped by the imminent addition of three new members. The Diplomat, https://thediplomat.com/2014/09/the-new-improved-shanghai-cooperation-organization/ (Accessed: 2023.10.16)
  • Wijeratne D., Yau J., Wong G., Rathbone M., Ling N. B., Lau S. (2017) Repaving the ancient Silk Routes, PwC Growth Market Centre, 1-80.
  • Wolffgang H.M., Brovka, G., & Belozerov, I. (2013) The Eurasian Customs Union in transition. World Customs Journal, 7(2), 93-104.
  • World Bank (2021) Implementation Completion and Result Report – Pap-Angren Railway. Transport Global Practice Europe and Central Asia Region, Report No.: ICR00005103, 1-63.
  • World Bank Group (2019) Belt and Road Economics, Opportunities and Risks of Transport Corridors, Washington DC, 43-64.
Toplam 30 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular İşletme
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Gábor Mıklós Bu kişi benim 0009-0009-0617-5024

Yayımlanma Tarihi 15 Ocak 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 15 Kasım 2023
Kabul Tarihi 15 Ocak 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 18 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Mıklós, G. (2024). RELATIONS BETWEEN THE CENTRAL-EUROPEAN TRADE ROUTES AND REVENUES OF EU MEMBERS. PressAcademia Procedia, 18(1), 20-30. https://doi.org/10.17261/Pressacademia.2023.1846
AMA Mıklós G. RELATIONS BETWEEN THE CENTRAL-EUROPEAN TRADE ROUTES AND REVENUES OF EU MEMBERS. PAP. Ocak 2024;18(1):20-30. doi:10.17261/Pressacademia.2023.1846
Chicago Mıklós, Gábor. “RELATIONS BETWEEN THE CENTRAL-EUROPEAN TRADE ROUTES AND REVENUES OF EU MEMBERS”. PressAcademia Procedia 18, sy. 1 (Ocak 2024): 20-30. https://doi.org/10.17261/Pressacademia.2023.1846.
EndNote Mıklós G (01 Ocak 2024) RELATIONS BETWEEN THE CENTRAL-EUROPEAN TRADE ROUTES AND REVENUES OF EU MEMBERS. PressAcademia Procedia 18 1 20–30.
IEEE G. Mıklós, “RELATIONS BETWEEN THE CENTRAL-EUROPEAN TRADE ROUTES AND REVENUES OF EU MEMBERS”, PAP, c. 18, sy. 1, ss. 20–30, 2024, doi: 10.17261/Pressacademia.2023.1846.
ISNAD Mıklós, Gábor. “RELATIONS BETWEEN THE CENTRAL-EUROPEAN TRADE ROUTES AND REVENUES OF EU MEMBERS”. PressAcademia Procedia 18/1 (Ocak 2024), 20-30. https://doi.org/10.17261/Pressacademia.2023.1846.
JAMA Mıklós G. RELATIONS BETWEEN THE CENTRAL-EUROPEAN TRADE ROUTES AND REVENUES OF EU MEMBERS. PAP. 2024;18:20–30.
MLA Mıklós, Gábor. “RELATIONS BETWEEN THE CENTRAL-EUROPEAN TRADE ROUTES AND REVENUES OF EU MEMBERS”. PressAcademia Procedia, c. 18, sy. 1, 2024, ss. 20-30, doi:10.17261/Pressacademia.2023.1846.
Vancouver Mıklós G. RELATIONS BETWEEN THE CENTRAL-EUROPEAN TRADE ROUTES AND REVENUES OF EU MEMBERS. PAP. 2024;18(1):20-3.

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