The Effects of Global Climate Change on Photosynthesis

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 2, 95 - 99, 31.12.2018

İlkay Yavaş Aydın Ünay

https://doi.org/10.25308/aduziraat.410790

Cited By: 1

Öz

As a consequence of global climate change, increasing carbon dioxide, temperature and drought factors and their interactions are affecting photosynthesis. In addition to different photosynthesis mechanisms such as C3 and C4 in plants, C4 plants have three subspecies: NAD-malic enzyme (NAD-ME), NADP-malic enzyme (NADP-ME) and PEP carboxylase. The NAD-ME plants had more water use efficiency under arid conditions than NADP-ME plants, NAD-ME C4 plants have better growth and photosynthesis activity under increasing CO2 conditions.  C4 plants show less response to increased CO2 conditions than other plant species on the other hand, it uses water and nitrogen more effectively. For this reason, some C3 crops especially wheat and rice are undergoing breeding experiments to transfer the C4 pathway.

Anahtar Kelimeler

C3, C4, drought, temperature, photosynthesis

Küresel İklim Değişikliğinin Fotosentez Üzerine Etkileri

Öz

Küresel iklim değişikliğinin sonucu olarak artan
karbondioksit, sıcaklık ve kuraklık faktörleri ve karşılıklı etkileşimleri
fotosentezi etkilemektedir. Bitkilerde C3 ve C4 gibi
farklı fotosentez mekanizmalarının yanı sıra C4 bitkilerinde
NAD-malik enzim (NAD-ME), NADP-malik enzim (NADP-ME) ve PEP karboksilaz olmak
üzere üç alt tür olduğu gözlenmektedir. NAD-ME bitkilerinin
kurak koşullar altında su kullanım etkinliği, NADP-ME bitkilerine göre daha fazla olup, NAD-ME C4
bitkileri artan CO2 koşullarında daha iyi büyüme ve fotosentez
etkinliğine sahiptir. C4 bitkileri artan CO2
koşullarına, diğer bitki türlerine göre daha az tepki
göstermekte buna karşın suyu ve azotu daha etkin kullanmaktadır. Bu nedenle buğday ve çeltik başta olmak üzere bazı C3 bitkilerine C4 yolunun aktarılması yönünde ıslah çalışmaları devam etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

C3, C4, kuraklık, sıcaklık, fotosentez

Kaynakça

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