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Afitlerle Taşınan Patates Virüsleri, Afitlerden Virüslerin Belirlenmesi ve Mücadele Yöntemleri

Yıl 2005, Cilt: 36 Sayı: 1, 89 - 96, 10.01.2011

Öz

Bir konukçudan diğerine taşınma viral etmenlerin biyolojilerinde en önemli anahtardır ve çok sayıda bitki virüs hastalığı
farklı vektörler tarafından çeşitli konukçular arasında taşınır. Bununla birlikte, virüsler ile vektörleri arasındaki ilişki son derece
karmaşık olup konukçu, inokulum ve uygun çevre şartlarına bağlıdır. Bitki virüs hastalıklarını taşıyan en önemli vektörler Homoptera,
Thysanoptera ve Coleoptera takımlarında yer almaktadır. Bu vektör gurupları içerisinde afitler virüs vektörü olarak öncelikli bir yere
sahiptir ve tanılanmış 370 bitki virüsünün % 66’nı taşımaktadırlar. Bu derlemede, bitki virüslerinin afitlerle taşınma şekilleri, virüslerin
vektörler tarafından alınmasında ve taşınmasında yardımcı unsurlarım rolü, patateste afitler tarafından taşınan önemli virüsler ile taşınma
şekilleri, afitlerden virüslerin belirlenmesi, virüs-konukçu-afit-çevre ilişkisi, afitlerin biyolojileri ve afitler vasıtasıyla taşınan virüsler ile
mücadele yöntemleri (tohumluk üretim alanlarının ticari üretim alanlarından ayrılması, tohumluk sertifikasyon programı uygulanması,
vektör ve virüslerin bariyer ve çit bitkileri kullanılarak kontrol edilmesi, vektör ve virüslerin yabancı ot konukçularının ortadan
kaldırılması, tohumluk patates üretimi için uygun alanların belirlenmesi ve genel olarak entegre kontrol programı uygulaması)
özetlenecektir.

Kaynakça

  • Alyokhin, A., S. Gary., G. Eleanor, 2002. Aphid abundance and potato virus Y transmission in imidacloprid-treated Potatoes. Amer. J. of potato. 79:225-262.
  • Bantari, E.E., P.J. Ellis, S.M.P. Khurana, 1993. Management of diseases caused by viruses and viruslike pathogens. In: Rowe, R.C. (ed), Potato Health Management. American Phytopathological Society (APS) Press, St. Paul, MN. 127-133.
  • Barker, H., J.A.T. Woodford, 1992. Spread of potato leafroll virus is decreased from plants of potato clones in which vims accumulation is restricted. Ann Appl Biol., 121:345-354.
  • Barker, H., K.D. Webster, B. Reavy, 1993. Dedection of potato virus Y in potato tubers: a comparison of polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked imminosorbent assay. Potato Res., 36, 13-20.
  • Blackman, R.L., 1974. Life-cycle variation of Myzus persicae (Sulz.) (Horn., Aphididae) in different parts of the world, in relation to genotype and environment. Bull Ent Res., 63:595- 607.
  • Blackman, R.L., 1984. Species, sex and parthenogenesis in aphids. In: Forey, P.L (ed), The Evolving Biosphere. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 75-85.
  • Blanc, S., V. Valerian, V. Dolja, C. Lave, P. Thomas, 1999. Histidine-tagging and purification of tobacco etch potyvirus helper component protein. J. Virol. Methods, 77:11-15
  • Bostan, H., K. Haliloğlu, 2004. Distribution of PLRV, PVS, PVX and PVY (PVYN, PVYo, and PVYc) in the seed potato tubers in Turkey. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 7 (7):1140- 1143.
  • Brunt, A.A., 2001. The main viruses infecting potato crops, In: Loeben-stein, G., P.H. Berger, A.A. Brunt, and R.H. Lawson (eds), virus and virus-like diseases of potatoes and production of seed-potatoes. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 65-67.
  • Canning, E.S.G., M.J. Penrose, L. Barker, D. Coates, 1996. Improved detection of barley yellow dwarf virus in single aphids using RT-PCR. J. Virol. Methods, 56:191-197.
  • Cortbaoui, R., 1984. Roguing Potatoes. Technical Information Bulletin 5, International Potato Center (CIP), Lima, Peru, 13p.
  • DiFonzo, C.D., D.W. Ragsdale, E.B. Radcliffe, N.C. Gudmestad, G.A. Secor, 1996. Crop borders reduce potato virus Y incidence in seed potato. Ann Appl Biol., 129:289-302.
  • Drucker, M., R. Froissart, E. Hebrard, M. Uzest, M. Ravallec, P. Esperandieu, J.C. Mani, M. Pugniere, F. Roquet, A. Fereres, S. Blanc, 2002. Intracellular distribution of viral gene products regulates a complex mechanism of cauliflower mosaic virus acquisition by its aphid vector. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 99:2422-2427.
  • Escriu, F., K.L. Perry, F. Garcia-Arenal, 2000. Transmissibility of Cucumber mosaic virus by Aphis gossypii correlates with viral accumulation and is affected by the presence of its satellite RNA. Phytopath., 90:1068-1072.
  • Eskandari, F., E.S. Sylvester, J. Richardson, 1979. Evidence for lack of propagation of potato leafroll virus in its aphid vector, Myzus persicae. Phytopathol., 69:45-47.
  • Esmenjaud D., P. Abad, 1994. Detection of a region of the Coat Protein gene of grapevine fanleaf virus by RT-PCR in the nematode vector Xiphinema index. Plant Dis., 187-193.
  • Froissart R., Y. Michalakis, S. Blanc, 2002. Helper Component- Transcomplementation in the vector transmission of plant viruses. The American Phytopathological Society, 2:576-580.
  • Ghanim, M., S. Morin, 2000. H Rate of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus Translocation in the circulative transmission pathway of its vector, the whitefly. Bemisia tabaci Virology, 11:24-33.
  • Gildow, F. E., B. Reavy, M.A. Mayo, G.H. Duncan, J.A.T. Woodford, W.J. Lamb, R.T. Hay, 2000. Aphid acquisition and cellular transport of Potato leafroll virus-like particles lacking P5 read through protein. The American Phytopathological Society, 90:1153-1159.
  • Givanna, M., R. Piero, T. Luciana, 2003. Detection of Tomato spotted wilt virus in its vector Frankliniella Occidentalis by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. J. Virol. Methods, 109:69-73.
  • Gutbrod, O.A., A.R. Mosley, 2001. Common seed potato certification schemes, In: Loebenstein, G., P.H. Berger, A.A. Brunt, and R.H. Lawson (eds), virus and virus-like diseases of potatoes and production of seed-potatoes. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, pp. 421-438.
  • Halbert, S.E., J. Connelly, L.E. Sandvol, 1993. Suction trapping of aphids in western North America (emphasis on Idaho). Acta Phy- topathol Entomol Hungarica, 25:411-422.
  • Hanafi, A., E.B. Radcliffe, D.W. Ragsdale, 1995. Spread and control of potato leafroll virus in the Souss Valley of Morocco. Crop Protect., 14:145-153.
  • Harrington, R., N. Katis, R.W. Gibson, 1986. Field assessment of the relative importance of different aphid species in the transmission of potato virus. Y. Potato Res., 29:67-76.
  • Harrington, R., R.W. Gibson, 1989. Transmission of potato virus Y by aphids trapped in potato crops in southern England. Potato Res., 32:167-174.
  • Heimbach, U., T. Thieme, H.L. Weidemann, R. Thieme, 1998. Transmission of potato virus Y by aphid species which do not colonise potatoes. In: Nieto Nafria, J.M., and A.F.G. Dixon (eds), Aphids in Natural and Managed Ecosystems. Universidad de Leon, Leon, Spain, pp. 555-559.
  • Hooker, W.J., 1986. compendium of potato diseases. American Phytopathologycal Society Press., St. Paul, Minnesota, 125p.
  • Kassanis. B., D.A. Govier, 1971. A virus-induced component of plant sap needed when aphids acquire potato virus Y from purified preparations. Virol., 61:420-426.
  • Korschineck, I., G. Himmler, R. Sagl, H. Steinkellner, H. Katinger, 1991. A PCR membrane spot assay for the dedection of plum pox virus RNA in bark of infected trees. J. Virol. Methods, 31:139-146.
  • Legendre, P., M.J. Fortin, 1989. Spatial pattern and ecological analysis. Vegetatio, 80:107-138.
  • Lobenstein, G., F. Akad, V. Filatov, G. Sadvakasova, A. Manadilova, H. Bakelman, E. Teverovsky, O. Lachmann, A. Davida, 1997. Improved detection of potato leafroll luteovirus in leaves and tubers with a digoxigenin-labelled cRNA probe. Plant Dis., 81:489-490.
  • MacGillivray, M.E. 1981. Aphids. In: Hooker, W.J. (ed), Compendium of Potato Diseases. American Phytopathogical Society, St. Paul. pp' 101-103.
  • Maloney, P.E., 2000. Topics in forest pathology and ecology in the Sierra Nevada and the Sierra San Pedro Martir, Baja. Ph.D. diss. University of California, Davis.
  • Matthews, R.E.F., 1992. Fundamentals of Plant Virology, Academic Press, NY. 396 p.
  • Moran, N.A., 1992. The evolution of aphid life cycles. Annu Rev Entomol., 37:321-348.
  • Naidu, R.A., H. Bottenberg, P. Subrahmanyam, F. Kimmins, D.J. Robinson, J.M. Thresh, 1998. Epidemiology of groundnut rosette disease: current status and future research needs. Ann. Appl. Biol., 132, 525-548.
  • Nault, L. R., 1997. Arthropod transmission of plant viruses: A new synthesis. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am., 90:521-541.
  • Novy, R.G., A. Nasruddin, D.W. Ragsdale, E.B. Radcliffe, 2002. Genetic resistances to potato leafroll vims, potato virus Y, and green peach aphid in progeny of Solatium etuberosurn. Am. J. Potato Res., 79:9-18.
  • Perry, K. L., L. Zhang, P. Palukaitis, 1998. Ammo acid changes in the coat protein of cucumber mosaic virus differentially affect transmission by the aphids Myzus persicae and Aphis gossypii. Virol., 242:204-210.
  • Pirone, T.P., D.W. Thornbury, 1998. Quantity of virus required for aphid transmission of a potyvirus. Phytopathol., 78:104-107.
  • Pollard, D.G., 1973. Plant penetration by feeding aphids (Hemiptera:Aphidoidea): a review. Bull Entomol Res., 62:631- 714.
  • Radcliffe, E.B., D.W. Ragsdale, R.A. Suranyi, 2003. IPM case studies potato, in: van emden, H.F., and R. Harrington (eds), aphids as crop pests. CABI Publ, Wallingford (submitted).
  • Ragsdale, D.W., E.B. Radcliffe, C.D. DiFonzo, 2001. Epidemiology and field control of PVY and PLRV. In: Loebenstein, G., P.H. Berger, A.A. Brunt, and R.H. Lawson (eds), Virus and Virus-like Diseases of Potatoes and Production of Seed-potatoes. Huwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, pp. 237-270.
  • Raman, K.V., E.B. Radcliffe, 1992. Pest aspects of potato production. part 2, insect pests. in: Harris, P.M. (ed), the potato crop, the scientific basis for improvement, 2nd edition. Chapman & Hall. London, pp. 476-506.
  • Remaudiere, G., M. Remaudiere, 1997. Catalogue des Aphididae du Monde Homoptera Aphidoidea. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Versailles. 478 pp
  • Remy F., Y. Michalakis, S. Blanc, 2002. Helper component- transcomplementation in the vector transmission of plant viruses. Phytopathol., 92:576-579.
  • Rowhani, A., M.A. Maningas, L.S. Lile, S.D. Daubert, D.A. Galino, 1995. Development of a detection system for viruses of wood plants based on PCR analysis of immobilized virions. Phytopathol, 85:347-352.
  • Russo, P., L. Miller, R.P. Singh, A.A. Slack, 1999. Comparison of PLRV and PVY deduction in potato seed samples tested by Florida winter field inspection and RT-PCR. Am. J. Potato Res., 76:313-316.
  • Salazar, L.F., 1996. Potato Viruses and Their Control. CIP, Lima. 214 pp.
  • Singh, R.P., T.H. Somerville, 1992. Evaluation of the enzyme- amplified ELISA for the deduction of potato viruses A, M, S, X, Y and leafroll. Am. Potato J., 69: 21-30.
  • Singh, M., R.P. Sing, 1996. Factors affecting detection of PVY in dormant tubers by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and nucleic acid spot hybridization. J. Virol. Methods, 60:47-57.
  • Singh, R.P., J. Kurz, G. Boiteau, G. Bernard, 1996. Detection of potato leafroll virus in single aphids by the reverse transcription poly- merase chain reaction and its potential epidemiological application. J. Virol. Methods, 55:133-143.
  • Singh, R.P., J. Kurz,. 1997. Potato leafroll virus detection by RT-PCR in field-collected aphids. Am. Potato J., 74:305-313.
  • Singh, M.N., S.M.P. Khurana, B.B. Nagaich, H.O. Agrawal, 1997a. Environmental factors influencing aphid transmission of potato virus Y a nd potato leafroll virus. Potato Res., 31:501-509.
  • Singh, R.P., J. Kurz, G. Boiteau, L.M. Moore, 1997b. Potato leafroll virus detection by RT-PCR in field-collected aphids. Am. J. Potato Res., 74:305-313.
  • Singh, R.P., 1998. Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction for the detection of viruses from plant and aphids. J. Virol. Methods, 74:125-128.
  • Singh, R.P., 1999. A solvent-free, rapid and simple virus RNA-release method for potato leafroll virus detection in aphids and plants by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. J. Virol. Methods, 83:27-33.
  • Singh, M., R.P. Singh, L. Moore, 1999. Evaluation of NASH and RT- PCR for the detection of PVY in dormant tubers and its comparison with visual symptoms and ELISA in plants. Am. J. Potato Res., 75:61-66.
  • Slack, S.A., 1995. Potato viruses with some implications for production and processing in the United States: a history of problems and solutions. Summa. Phytopathol., 21:273-275.
  • Spiegel, S., R.P. Martin, 1993. Improved detection of potato leafroll virus in dormant potato tubers and micro tubers by the polymerase chain reaction and ELISA. Ann. Appl. Biol., 121:493-500.
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  • Syller, J., 1994. The effects of temperature on the availability and acquisition of potato leafroll luteovirus by Myzus persicae. Ann Appl Biol., 125:141-145.
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  • Thomas, P.E., W.K. Kaniewski, E.C. Lawson, 1997a. Reduced field spread of potato leafroll virus in potatoes transformed with the potato leafroll virus coat protein gene. Plant Dis., 81:1447-1453.
  • Thomas, P.E., K.S. Pike, G.L. Reed, 1997b. Role of green peach aphid flights in the epidemiology of potato leaf roll disease in the Columbia Basin. Plant Dis., 81:1311-1316.
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  • van den Heuvel, J.F.J.M., J.A.A.M. Dirven, D. Peters, 1993. Acquisition of potato leafroll virus by Myzus persicae from secondarily-infected potato plants of different genotypes. Potato Res., 36:89-96.
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Yıl 2005, Cilt: 36 Sayı: 1, 89 - 96, 10.01.2011

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Alyokhin, A., S. Gary., G. Eleanor, 2002. Aphid abundance and potato virus Y transmission in imidacloprid-treated Potatoes. Amer. J. of potato. 79:225-262.
  • Bantari, E.E., P.J. Ellis, S.M.P. Khurana, 1993. Management of diseases caused by viruses and viruslike pathogens. In: Rowe, R.C. (ed), Potato Health Management. American Phytopathological Society (APS) Press, St. Paul, MN. 127-133.
  • Barker, H., J.A.T. Woodford, 1992. Spread of potato leafroll virus is decreased from plants of potato clones in which vims accumulation is restricted. Ann Appl Biol., 121:345-354.
  • Barker, H., K.D. Webster, B. Reavy, 1993. Dedection of potato virus Y in potato tubers: a comparison of polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked imminosorbent assay. Potato Res., 36, 13-20.
  • Blackman, R.L., 1974. Life-cycle variation of Myzus persicae (Sulz.) (Horn., Aphididae) in different parts of the world, in relation to genotype and environment. Bull Ent Res., 63:595- 607.
  • Blackman, R.L., 1984. Species, sex and parthenogenesis in aphids. In: Forey, P.L (ed), The Evolving Biosphere. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 75-85.
  • Blanc, S., V. Valerian, V. Dolja, C. Lave, P. Thomas, 1999. Histidine-tagging and purification of tobacco etch potyvirus helper component protein. J. Virol. Methods, 77:11-15
  • Bostan, H., K. Haliloğlu, 2004. Distribution of PLRV, PVS, PVX and PVY (PVYN, PVYo, and PVYc) in the seed potato tubers in Turkey. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 7 (7):1140- 1143.
  • Brunt, A.A., 2001. The main viruses infecting potato crops, In: Loeben-stein, G., P.H. Berger, A.A. Brunt, and R.H. Lawson (eds), virus and virus-like diseases of potatoes and production of seed-potatoes. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 65-67.
  • Canning, E.S.G., M.J. Penrose, L. Barker, D. Coates, 1996. Improved detection of barley yellow dwarf virus in single aphids using RT-PCR. J. Virol. Methods, 56:191-197.
  • Cortbaoui, R., 1984. Roguing Potatoes. Technical Information Bulletin 5, International Potato Center (CIP), Lima, Peru, 13p.
  • DiFonzo, C.D., D.W. Ragsdale, E.B. Radcliffe, N.C. Gudmestad, G.A. Secor, 1996. Crop borders reduce potato virus Y incidence in seed potato. Ann Appl Biol., 129:289-302.
  • Drucker, M., R. Froissart, E. Hebrard, M. Uzest, M. Ravallec, P. Esperandieu, J.C. Mani, M. Pugniere, F. Roquet, A. Fereres, S. Blanc, 2002. Intracellular distribution of viral gene products regulates a complex mechanism of cauliflower mosaic virus acquisition by its aphid vector. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 99:2422-2427.
  • Escriu, F., K.L. Perry, F. Garcia-Arenal, 2000. Transmissibility of Cucumber mosaic virus by Aphis gossypii correlates with viral accumulation and is affected by the presence of its satellite RNA. Phytopath., 90:1068-1072.
  • Eskandari, F., E.S. Sylvester, J. Richardson, 1979. Evidence for lack of propagation of potato leafroll virus in its aphid vector, Myzus persicae. Phytopathol., 69:45-47.
  • Esmenjaud D., P. Abad, 1994. Detection of a region of the Coat Protein gene of grapevine fanleaf virus by RT-PCR in the nematode vector Xiphinema index. Plant Dis., 187-193.
  • Froissart R., Y. Michalakis, S. Blanc, 2002. Helper Component- Transcomplementation in the vector transmission of plant viruses. The American Phytopathological Society, 2:576-580.
  • Ghanim, M., S. Morin, 2000. H Rate of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus Translocation in the circulative transmission pathway of its vector, the whitefly. Bemisia tabaci Virology, 11:24-33.
  • Gildow, F. E., B. Reavy, M.A. Mayo, G.H. Duncan, J.A.T. Woodford, W.J. Lamb, R.T. Hay, 2000. Aphid acquisition and cellular transport of Potato leafroll virus-like particles lacking P5 read through protein. The American Phytopathological Society, 90:1153-1159.
  • Givanna, M., R. Piero, T. Luciana, 2003. Detection of Tomato spotted wilt virus in its vector Frankliniella Occidentalis by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. J. Virol. Methods, 109:69-73.
  • Gutbrod, O.A., A.R. Mosley, 2001. Common seed potato certification schemes, In: Loebenstein, G., P.H. Berger, A.A. Brunt, and R.H. Lawson (eds), virus and virus-like diseases of potatoes and production of seed-potatoes. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, pp. 421-438.
  • Halbert, S.E., J. Connelly, L.E. Sandvol, 1993. Suction trapping of aphids in western North America (emphasis on Idaho). Acta Phy- topathol Entomol Hungarica, 25:411-422.
  • Hanafi, A., E.B. Radcliffe, D.W. Ragsdale, 1995. Spread and control of potato leafroll virus in the Souss Valley of Morocco. Crop Protect., 14:145-153.
  • Harrington, R., N. Katis, R.W. Gibson, 1986. Field assessment of the relative importance of different aphid species in the transmission of potato virus. Y. Potato Res., 29:67-76.
  • Harrington, R., R.W. Gibson, 1989. Transmission of potato virus Y by aphids trapped in potato crops in southern England. Potato Res., 32:167-174.
  • Heimbach, U., T. Thieme, H.L. Weidemann, R. Thieme, 1998. Transmission of potato virus Y by aphid species which do not colonise potatoes. In: Nieto Nafria, J.M., and A.F.G. Dixon (eds), Aphids in Natural and Managed Ecosystems. Universidad de Leon, Leon, Spain, pp. 555-559.
  • Hooker, W.J., 1986. compendium of potato diseases. American Phytopathologycal Society Press., St. Paul, Minnesota, 125p.
  • Kassanis. B., D.A. Govier, 1971. A virus-induced component of plant sap needed when aphids acquire potato virus Y from purified preparations. Virol., 61:420-426.
  • Korschineck, I., G. Himmler, R. Sagl, H. Steinkellner, H. Katinger, 1991. A PCR membrane spot assay for the dedection of plum pox virus RNA in bark of infected trees. J. Virol. Methods, 31:139-146.
  • Legendre, P., M.J. Fortin, 1989. Spatial pattern and ecological analysis. Vegetatio, 80:107-138.
  • Lobenstein, G., F. Akad, V. Filatov, G. Sadvakasova, A. Manadilova, H. Bakelman, E. Teverovsky, O. Lachmann, A. Davida, 1997. Improved detection of potato leafroll luteovirus in leaves and tubers with a digoxigenin-labelled cRNA probe. Plant Dis., 81:489-490.
  • MacGillivray, M.E. 1981. Aphids. In: Hooker, W.J. (ed), Compendium of Potato Diseases. American Phytopathogical Society, St. Paul. pp' 101-103.
  • Maloney, P.E., 2000. Topics in forest pathology and ecology in the Sierra Nevada and the Sierra San Pedro Martir, Baja. Ph.D. diss. University of California, Davis.
  • Matthews, R.E.F., 1992. Fundamentals of Plant Virology, Academic Press, NY. 396 p.
  • Moran, N.A., 1992. The evolution of aphid life cycles. Annu Rev Entomol., 37:321-348.
  • Naidu, R.A., H. Bottenberg, P. Subrahmanyam, F. Kimmins, D.J. Robinson, J.M. Thresh, 1998. Epidemiology of groundnut rosette disease: current status and future research needs. Ann. Appl. Biol., 132, 525-548.
  • Nault, L. R., 1997. Arthropod transmission of plant viruses: A new synthesis. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am., 90:521-541.
  • Novy, R.G., A. Nasruddin, D.W. Ragsdale, E.B. Radcliffe, 2002. Genetic resistances to potato leafroll vims, potato virus Y, and green peach aphid in progeny of Solatium etuberosurn. Am. J. Potato Res., 79:9-18.
  • Perry, K. L., L. Zhang, P. Palukaitis, 1998. Ammo acid changes in the coat protein of cucumber mosaic virus differentially affect transmission by the aphids Myzus persicae and Aphis gossypii. Virol., 242:204-210.
  • Pirone, T.P., D.W. Thornbury, 1998. Quantity of virus required for aphid transmission of a potyvirus. Phytopathol., 78:104-107.
  • Pollard, D.G., 1973. Plant penetration by feeding aphids (Hemiptera:Aphidoidea): a review. Bull Entomol Res., 62:631- 714.
  • Radcliffe, E.B., D.W. Ragsdale, R.A. Suranyi, 2003. IPM case studies potato, in: van emden, H.F., and R. Harrington (eds), aphids as crop pests. CABI Publ, Wallingford (submitted).
  • Ragsdale, D.W., E.B. Radcliffe, C.D. DiFonzo, 2001. Epidemiology and field control of PVY and PLRV. In: Loebenstein, G., P.H. Berger, A.A. Brunt, and R.H. Lawson (eds), Virus and Virus-like Diseases of Potatoes and Production of Seed-potatoes. Huwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, pp. 237-270.
  • Raman, K.V., E.B. Radcliffe, 1992. Pest aspects of potato production. part 2, insect pests. in: Harris, P.M. (ed), the potato crop, the scientific basis for improvement, 2nd edition. Chapman & Hall. London, pp. 476-506.
  • Remaudiere, G., M. Remaudiere, 1997. Catalogue des Aphididae du Monde Homoptera Aphidoidea. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Versailles. 478 pp
  • Remy F., Y. Michalakis, S. Blanc, 2002. Helper component- transcomplementation in the vector transmission of plant viruses. Phytopathol., 92:576-579.
  • Rowhani, A., M.A. Maningas, L.S. Lile, S.D. Daubert, D.A. Galino, 1995. Development of a detection system for viruses of wood plants based on PCR analysis of immobilized virions. Phytopathol, 85:347-352.
  • Russo, P., L. Miller, R.P. Singh, A.A. Slack, 1999. Comparison of PLRV and PVY deduction in potato seed samples tested by Florida winter field inspection and RT-PCR. Am. J. Potato Res., 76:313-316.
  • Salazar, L.F., 1996. Potato Viruses and Their Control. CIP, Lima. 214 pp.
  • Singh, R.P., T.H. Somerville, 1992. Evaluation of the enzyme- amplified ELISA for the deduction of potato viruses A, M, S, X, Y and leafroll. Am. Potato J., 69: 21-30.
  • Singh, M., R.P. Sing, 1996. Factors affecting detection of PVY in dormant tubers by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and nucleic acid spot hybridization. J. Virol. Methods, 60:47-57.
  • Singh, R.P., J. Kurz, G. Boiteau, G. Bernard, 1996. Detection of potato leafroll virus in single aphids by the reverse transcription poly- merase chain reaction and its potential epidemiological application. J. Virol. Methods, 55:133-143.
  • Singh, R.P., J. Kurz,. 1997. Potato leafroll virus detection by RT-PCR in field-collected aphids. Am. Potato J., 74:305-313.
  • Singh, M.N., S.M.P. Khurana, B.B. Nagaich, H.O. Agrawal, 1997a. Environmental factors influencing aphid transmission of potato virus Y a nd potato leafroll virus. Potato Res., 31:501-509.
  • Singh, R.P., J. Kurz, G. Boiteau, L.M. Moore, 1997b. Potato leafroll virus detection by RT-PCR in field-collected aphids. Am. J. Potato Res., 74:305-313.
  • Singh, R.P., 1998. Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction for the detection of viruses from plant and aphids. J. Virol. Methods, 74:125-128.
  • Singh, R.P., 1999. A solvent-free, rapid and simple virus RNA-release method for potato leafroll virus detection in aphids and plants by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. J. Virol. Methods, 83:27-33.
  • Singh, M., R.P. Singh, L. Moore, 1999. Evaluation of NASH and RT- PCR for the detection of PVY in dormant tubers and its comparison with visual symptoms and ELISA in plants. Am. J. Potato Res., 75:61-66.
  • Slack, S.A., 1995. Potato viruses with some implications for production and processing in the United States: a history of problems and solutions. Summa. Phytopathol., 21:273-275.
  • Spiegel, S., R.P. Martin, 1993. Improved detection of potato leafroll virus in dormant potato tubers and micro tubers by the polymerase chain reaction and ELISA. Ann. Appl. Biol., 121:493-500.
  • Stary, P., 1988. Natural enemies. Parasites. Aphidiidae. In: Minks, A.K., and P. Harrewyn (eds), Aphids: Their Biology, Natural Enemies and Control, 2B, World Crop Pests. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp., 171-184.
  • Stevens, M. R. Hull, H.G. Smith, 1997. comparison of ELISA and RT-PCR for the detection of beet yellows closterovirus in plants and aphids. J. Virol. Methods, 68:9-16.
  • Syller, J., 1994. The effects of temperature on the availability and acquisition of potato leafroll luteovirus by Myzus persicae. Ann Appl Biol., 125:141-145.
  • Thomas, P.E., 1983. Sources and dissemination of potato viruses in the Columbia Basin of the Northwestern United States. Plant Dis., 67:744-747.
  • Thomas, P.E., W.K. Kaniewski, E.C. Lawson, 1997a. Reduced field spread of potato leafroll virus in potatoes transformed with the potato leafroll virus coat protein gene. Plant Dis., 81:1447-1453.
  • Thomas, P.E., K.S. Pike, G.L. Reed, 1997b. Role of green peach aphid flights in the epidemiology of potato leaf roll disease in the Columbia Basin. Plant Dis., 81:1311-1316.
  • Tomlinson, J.A., A.L. Carter, W.T. Dale, C.G. Simpson, 1970. Weed plants as sources of cucumber mosaic virus. Ann. Appl. Biol., 66:11-16.
  • van den Heuvel, J.F.J.M., J.A.A.M. Dirven, D. Peters, 1993. Acquisition of potato leafroll virus by Myzus persicae from secondarily-infected potato plants of different genotypes. Potato Res., 36:89-96.
  • van den Heuvel, J.F.J.M., C.N. de Blank, D. Peters, J.W.M. van Lent, 1995. Localization of potato leafroll virus in leaves of secondarly-infected potato plants. Eur. J. Plant Pathol., 101:567- 571.
  • Van Regenmortel, M.H.V., C.M. Fauquet, D.H.L. Bishop, E.B. Carstens, M.K. Estes, S.M. Lemon, J. Moniloff, M.A. Mayo, D.J. McGeoch, C.R. Pringle, R.B. Wickner, 2000. Virus taxonomy. Pages 599-621 in: Seventh Report of the ICTV. Academic Press, New York.
  • Vunsh, R.A, A. Roster, A. Stein, 1990. The use of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection of bean yellow mosaic virus in gladiolus. Ann. Appl. Biol., 117:561-569.
  • Walkey, D.G.A., 1991. Applied Plant Virology. St. Edmundsbury Press, Bury St. Edmunds, Suffolk, USA, 338p.
  • Woodford, J.A.T. 1988. The impact of cropping policy on methods to control potato leafroll virus. Aspects Appl Biol., 17:163-171.
  • Woodford, J.A.T., C.A. Jolly, C.S. Aveyard, 1995. Biological factors influencing the transmission of potato leafroll virus by different aphid species. Potato Res., 38:133-141.
  • Zhang, X.S., J. Holt, J. Colvin, 1999. mathematical models of host plant ınfection by helper-dependent virus complexes: why are helper viruses always avirulent. Analiytical an Theoretical Plant Pathol., 90:85-93.
Toplam 75 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil tr;en
Bölüm DERLEMELER
Yazarlar

Hidayet Bostan Bu kişi benim

Coşkun Güçlü Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 10 Ocak 2011
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2005 Cilt: 36 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Bostan, H., & Güçlü, C. (2011). Afitlerle Taşınan Patates Virüsleri, Afitlerden Virüslerin Belirlenmesi ve Mücadele Yöntemleri. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 36(1), 89-96.
AMA Bostan H, Güçlü C. Afitlerle Taşınan Patates Virüsleri, Afitlerden Virüslerin Belirlenmesi ve Mücadele Yöntemleri. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi. Ocak 2011;36(1):89-96.
Chicago Bostan, Hidayet, ve Coşkun Güçlü. “Afitlerle Taşınan Patates Virüsleri, Afitlerden Virüslerin Belirlenmesi Ve Mücadele Yöntemleri”. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 36, sy. 1 (Ocak 2011): 89-96.
EndNote Bostan H, Güçlü C (01 Ocak 2011) Afitlerle Taşınan Patates Virüsleri, Afitlerden Virüslerin Belirlenmesi ve Mücadele Yöntemleri. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 36 1 89–96.
IEEE H. Bostan ve C. Güçlü, “Afitlerle Taşınan Patates Virüsleri, Afitlerden Virüslerin Belirlenmesi ve Mücadele Yöntemleri”, Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 36, sy. 1, ss. 89–96, 2011.
ISNAD Bostan, Hidayet - Güçlü, Coşkun. “Afitlerle Taşınan Patates Virüsleri, Afitlerden Virüslerin Belirlenmesi Ve Mücadele Yöntemleri”. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 36/1 (Ocak 2011), 89-96.
JAMA Bostan H, Güçlü C. Afitlerle Taşınan Patates Virüsleri, Afitlerden Virüslerin Belirlenmesi ve Mücadele Yöntemleri. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi. 2011;36:89–96.
MLA Bostan, Hidayet ve Coşkun Güçlü. “Afitlerle Taşınan Patates Virüsleri, Afitlerden Virüslerin Belirlenmesi Ve Mücadele Yöntemleri”. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 36, sy. 1, 2011, ss. 89-96.
Vancouver Bostan H, Güçlü C. Afitlerle Taşınan Patates Virüsleri, Afitlerden Virüslerin Belirlenmesi ve Mücadele Yöntemleri. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi. 2011;36(1):89-96.

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