Suriyeli mülteci ailelerin çocuklarının beslenme ve gıda güvenliği durumunun belirlenmesi “İstanbul-Avcılar örneği”

Year 2021, Volume: 16 Issue: 61, 99 - 132, 01.01.2021

Ruba Alsayed Elif Merve Kahraman

Abstract

Bu çalışma, Suriyeli mülteci çocuklar ve ailelelerinin beslenme
durumunun belirlenmesi ve buna ilişkin faktörleri belirlemeyi
hedeflemekte ve ayrıca katılımcı çocukların ebeveynlerinin gıda güvenliği
bilgisini ölçerek, söz konusu bilgi birikimi ile sosyoekonomik faktörler
arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu araştırma, Kasım 2018
ve Şubat 2019 arasında, 83’ü kız, 57’si erkek olmak üzere Milad Derneği kapsamındaki 140 çocuk üzerinde yapılmıştır. Veri toplama işlemi, dört
bölümden oluşan bir anketin ebeveynler tarafından doldurulmasıyla
gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bunun yanı sıra çocukların boy ve kilo ölçümleri de
yapılmıştır. Bu ölçümler yaşa göre vücut kitle indeksi, yaşın boya oranı,
yaşın kiloya oranı ve boyun kiloya oranı olmak üzere dört göstergeyi
hesaplamak için kullanılmış ve bu sayede beslenme bozukluğunun
yaygınlığı gözlenmiştir. Verilerin istatistiksel analizi, SPSS programının
25. versiyonu kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Çalışmada katılan Suriyeli mülteci
çocukların çoğunluğunun (%67.1) beslenme bozukluğuna sahip olduğu
görülmektedir. Birçoğunun hafif şişman (%22.1) ve şişman (%15.7)
oldukları, dengesiz beslendiği ve bunu takiben bir kısmında bodurluk
(%14.3) şeklinde yetersiz beslenmenin görüldüğü ve geri kalanların da
(%15) hem dengesiz hem de yeteriz beslenmeye sahip olduğu gözlenmiştir.
Aile büyüklüğü ve beslenme bozukluğu arasındaki pozitif ilişki dışında,
gıda güvenliği ile beslenme bozukluğu ve tüm değişkenler arasında
anlamlı bir fark bulunamamıştır. Ebeveynlerin yalnızca %32.9’unun gıda
güvenliğine dair doğru bilgiye sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen
sonuçlar, Milad Derneği’ndeki Suriyeli mülteci çocukların ve ailelerin
beslenme ve gıda güvenliğine dair bilgilerini ve farkındalıklarını
geliştirmek adına eğitim programlarına olan ihtiyacı
kuvvetlendirmektedir.

Keywords

Beslenme bozukluğu, Suriyeli mülteciler, gıda güvenliği, bilgi düzeyi

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