Prevalence and density of Demodex mites (Acari: Demodecidae) in mentally disabled individuals

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and intensity of D. folliculorum and D. brevis in mentally disabled individuals receiving care and support services in rehabilitation centers in Erzincan province. The study included 217 mentally disabled participants who were receiving care and support services in 7 separate rehabilitation centers operating in the provincial center of Erzincan. Sample materials were taken from the cheek, nasolabial and chin area of each participant by Standard Superficial Skin Biopsy (SSSB) method and examined for the presence and number of Demodex mites under a light microscope. In the study, D. folliculorum (mean 8.34/cm2) was detected in 58% of mentally disabled people, D. brevis (mean 1.26/cm2) in 25%, and Demodex mites (mean 9.59/cm2) was detected in 61% of the all participants. When the participants were evaluated in terms of Demodex prevalence, it was determined that D. folliculorum was approximately 2.3 times more common than D. brevis. Similarly, when evaluated in terms of the average number of mites per cm2, it was found that D. folliculorum was about 7 times denser than D. brevis. On the other hand, it was determined that the prevalence of Demodex mites increased as the severity of intellectual disabilities increased, while it was found that the intensity of Demodex was highest in participants with moderate mentally disabled. As a result, it was found that D. folliculorum and D. brevis were widespread and intense in both healthy individuals and mentally disabled individuals, as well as in many patient groups. It was thought that the findings obtained in our study might be useful to consider mentally disabled individuals with dermatological complaints during the clinical evaluation process.

Keywords

• Demodex
• epidemiology
• Erzincan
• mental retardation

Zihinsel engelli bireylerde Demodex akar (Acari: Demodecidae) prevalansı ve yoğunluğu

Öz

Bu çalışma Erzincan ilindeki rehabilitasyon merkezlerinde bakım ve destek hizmeti almakta olan zihinsel engelli bireylerde D. folliculorum ve D. brevis prevalansı ve yoğunluğunu belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmaya Erzincan il merkezinde faaliyet gösteren 7 ayrı rehabilitasyon merkezinde bakım ve destek hizmeti almakta olan 217 zihinsel engelli katılımcı dahil edildi. Örnek materyalleri her bir katılımcının yanak, nazolabial ve çene bölgesinden Standart Yüzeyel Deri Biyopsisi (SYDB) yöntemi ile alındı ve ışık mikroskobunda Demodex akar varlığı ve sayısı bakımından incelendi. Çalışmada zihinsel engellilerin %58’inde D. folliculorum (ortalama 8,34/cm2), %25’inde D. brevis (ortalama 1,26/cm2) olmak üzere toplam %61’inde Demodex akar (ortalama 9,59/cm2) tespit edildi. Katılımcılar Demodex prevalansı bakımından değerlendirildiğinde D. folliculorum’un D.brevis’e göre yaklaşık 2,3 kat daha yaygın olduğu belirlendi. Benzer şekilde cm2’deki ortalama akar sayısı bakımından değerlendirildiğinde D. folliculorum’un, D. brevis’ten yaklaşık 7 kat daha yoğun olduğu tespit edildi. Diğer taraftan zihinsel engel şiddeti arttıkça Demodex akar prevalansının arttığı belirlenirken, Demodex yoğunluğunun en fazla orta düzey zihinsel engele sahip katılımcılarda olduğu tespit edildi. Sonuç olarak gerek sağlıklı bireylerde gerek birçok hasta grubunda olduğu gibi zihinsel engelli bireylerde de D. folliculorum ve D. brevis’in yaygın ve yoğun olduğu tespit edildi. Çalışmamızda elde edilen bulguların dermatolojik şikayetleri olan zihinsel engelli bireylerin klinik değerlendirme sürecinde göz önünde bulundurulmasının faydalı olabileceği düşünüldü.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Demodex
• epidemiyoloji
• Erzincan
• mental retardasyon

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