Research Article

Malware Detection in Forensic Memory Dumps: The Use of Deep Meta-Learning Models

Volume: 7 Number: 1 January 2, 2024
EN TR

Malware Detection in Forensic Memory Dumps: The Use of Deep Meta-Learning Models

Abstract

The present study aimed to design a high-performance deep meta-learning model that could be utilized in classification predictions using forensic memory datasets and propose a framework that would ensure the generalization and consistency of the predictions with the help of this model. To achieve this aim, a dataset containing malware and obtained from forensic memory dumps was addressed. First, it was subjected to the classification process with a deep learning algorithm, and a predictive model was acquired. The predictive model was found to have an accuracy metric of 98.25%. In addition to this finding, a meta-learning model consisting of five different models with the same hyperparameters was created. The accuracy of the obtained meta-model was computed as 97.69%. With the thought that this model would reduce the prediction variance and thus the predictive model could be generalized, it was ensured to be run 5 times in a row. As a result of this process, the prediction variance, indicating a very small change, was calculated as 0.000012. Accordingly, considering the acquired performance value, it can be determined that high performance is achieved in malware detection, and thus what hyperparameters ensure success can be revealed. If deep learning methods are used as a single model, the problem is that the variance between the predictions is large due to its stochastic structure. To avoid such drawbacks, a deep meta-learning model using the same parameters was designed instead of a deep learning model comprising a single model, and considerably smaller variance values were achieved, thus providing generalized and consistent predictions.

Keywords

References

  1. Abadi, M., Agarwal, A., Barham, P., Brevdo, E., Chen, Z., Citro, C., ... & Zheng, X. (2016). TensorFlow: Large-scale machine learning on heterogeneous distributed systems. In 12th USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI) (pp. 265-283). google scholar
  2. Brownlee, J. (2021, April 26). What is meta-learning in machine learning? MachineLearningMastery.com. Retrieved from https://machinelearningmastery. com/meta-learning-in-machine-learning/. google scholar
  3. Carrier, T., Victor, P., Tekeoglu, A., & Lashkari, A. (2022). Detecting obfuscated malware using memory feature engineering. Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Information Systems Security and Privacy. https://doi.org/10.5220/0010908200003120. google scholar
  4. Chollet, F., & others. (2015). Keras. GitHub. Retrieved from https://github.com/fchollet/keras google scholar
  5. Christensson, P. (2022, Nov 19). Malware Definition. Retrieved from https://techterms.com google scholar
  6. Dener, M., Ok, G., & Orman, A. (2022). Malware detection using memory analysis data in Big Data Environment. Applied Sciences, 12(17), 8604, https://doi.org/10.3390/app12178604. google scholar
  7. Finn C., Abbeel P., & Levine S. (2017). Model-Agnostic Meta-Learning for Fast Adaptation of Deep Networks. https://arxiv.org/abs/1703.03400. google scholar
  8. Karamitsos, I., Afzulpurkar, A. & Trafalis, T. (2020) Malware Detection for Forensic Memory Using Deep Recurrent Neural Networks. Journal of Information Security, 11, 103-120. doi: 10.4236/jis.2020.112007. google scholar

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Software Engineering (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

January 2, 2024

Submission Date

April 13, 2023

Acceptance Date

May 5, 2023

Published in Issue

Year 2023 Volume: 7 Number: 1

APA
Özkan, Y. (2024). Malware Detection in Forensic Memory Dumps: The Use of Deep Meta-Learning Models. Acta Infologica, 7(1), 165-172. https://doi.org/10.26650/acin.1282824
AMA
1.Özkan Y. Malware Detection in Forensic Memory Dumps: The Use of Deep Meta-Learning Models. ACIN. 2024;7(1):165-172. doi:10.26650/acin.1282824
Chicago
Özkan, Yalçın. 2024. “Malware Detection in Forensic Memory Dumps: The Use of Deep Meta-Learning Models”. Acta Infologica 7 (1): 165-72. https://doi.org/10.26650/acin.1282824.
EndNote
Özkan Y (January 1, 2024) Malware Detection in Forensic Memory Dumps: The Use of Deep Meta-Learning Models. Acta Infologica 7 1 165–172.
IEEE
[1]Y. Özkan, “Malware Detection in Forensic Memory Dumps: The Use of Deep Meta-Learning Models”, ACIN, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 165–172, Jan. 2024, doi: 10.26650/acin.1282824.
ISNAD
Özkan, Yalçın. “Malware Detection in Forensic Memory Dumps: The Use of Deep Meta-Learning Models”. Acta Infologica 7/1 (January 1, 2024): 165-172. https://doi.org/10.26650/acin.1282824.
JAMA
1.Özkan Y. Malware Detection in Forensic Memory Dumps: The Use of Deep Meta-Learning Models. ACIN. 2024;7:165–172.
MLA
Özkan, Yalçın. “Malware Detection in Forensic Memory Dumps: The Use of Deep Meta-Learning Models”. Acta Infologica, vol. 7, no. 1, Jan. 2024, pp. 165-72, doi:10.26650/acin.1282824.
Vancouver
1.Yalçın Özkan. Malware Detection in Forensic Memory Dumps: The Use of Deep Meta-Learning Models. ACIN. 2024 Jan. 1;7(1):165-72. doi:10.26650/acin.1282824