The role of serum lipoprotein levels in predicting independent short-term mortality In COVID-19 patients

Year 2022, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 162 - 166, 29.03.2022

Semih Aydemir , Derya Hoşgün

https://doi.org/10.38053/acmj.1059453

Cited By: 3

Abstract

Background: Plasma lipoprotein levels typically change as a result of systemic inflammation in coronavirus disease (COVID-19). These changes have been reported to be related to the severity and prognosis of the disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglyceride, and cholesterol levels andindependent short-term (28-day) mortality in COVID-19 patients with critical disease.
Material and Method: The retrospective study included patients that had a positive result for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and were followed up in ICU due to pneumonia and acute hypoxemic respiratory failure between March 2020 and January 2021.
Results: The 123 patients comprised 69 (56.1%) women and 54 (43.9%) men with a mean age of 65.41±13.93 years. Mean hospital and ICU stays were 16.07±9.84 and 8.54±8.24 days, respectively. Short-term (28-day) mortality occurred in 33 (26.8%) patients. Mean serum LDL, HDL, triglyceride, and cholesterol levels were 100.61±36.32, 41.57±10.74, 136.67±85.33, and 164.4±40.73 mg/dL, respectively. Short-term (28-day) mortality established a significant relationship with LDL and HDL levels, whereas no significant relationship was established with cholesterol and triglyceride levels (p=0.001, p=0.001, p=0.332, and p=0.222, respectively). The durations of hospital and ICU stay established a significant relationship with LDL levels (p=0.033 and p=0.002, respectively).
Conclusion: Based on our results, we suggest that monitoring HDL and LDL levels with serial measurements in patients with critical and severe COVID-19 pneumonia may be useful for predicting the prognosis.

Keywords

COVID-19, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, cholesterol, triglyceride, mortality

References

• Laurila A, Bloigu A, Nayha S, et al. Chronic Chlamydia pneumoniae infection is associated with a serum lipid profile known risk factor for atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Tromb Vasc Biol 1997; 17: 2910-3.
• Guirgis FW, Donnelly JP, Dodani S, et al. Cholesterol levels and long-term rates of community-acquired sepsis. Crit Care 2016; 20: 408.
• Kaysen GA, Ye X, Raimann JG, et al. .Monitoring dialysis outcomes (MONDO) Initiative Lipid levels are inversely associated with infectious and all-cause mortality: international MONDO study results. J Lipid Res 2018; 59: 1519-28.
• Saballs M, Parra S, Sahun P, et al. HDL-c levels predict the presence of plevral effusion and the clinical outcome of community-acquired pneumonia. Springer plus 2016; 5: 1491.
• Wu Z, McGoogan JM. Characteristics of and ımportantlessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: summary of a report of 72314 cases from the Chinese center for disease control and prevention. JAMA 2020; 323: 1239-42.
• Sorokin AV, Karathanasis SK, Yang ZH, et al. COVID-19 -Associated dyslipidemia: Implications for mechanism of impaired resolution and novel therapeutic approaches. The FASEB Journal 2020; 34: 9843-53.
• Wang G, Zhang Q, Zhao X, et al. Low high-density lipoprotein level is correlated with the severity of COVID-19 patients: an observational study. Lipids Health Dis 2020; 19: 204.
• Ruan Q, Yang K, Wang W, et al. Clinical predictors of mortality due to COVID-19 based on an analysis of data of 150 patients from Wuhan, China. Intensive Care Med 2020; 46: 846-48.
• Wu D, Shu T, Yang X, et al. Plasma metabolomic and lipidomic alterations associated with COVID-19. Natl Sci Rev2020; nwaa086.
• Abu-Farha M, Thanarj TA, Qaddoumi MG, et al. The role of lipid metabolism in COVID-19 virus infection and as a drug target. Int J Mol Sci2020; 21: 3544.
• Cao X, Yin R, Albrecht H, Fan D, Tan W. Cholesterol: a new game player accelerating vasculopathy caused by SARS-CoV-2?.Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab2020; 319: E197-2.
• Tanaka S, De Tymowski C, Assadi M, et al. Lipoprotein concentrations over time in the intensive care unit COVID-19 patients: Results from the ApoCOVID study. PLoS One 2020: 15: e0239573.
• Qin C, Minghan H, Ziwen Z, Yukun L. Alteration of lipid profile and value of lipids in the prediction of the length of hospital stay in COVID-19 pneumonia patients. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8: 6144-52.