INSTRUCTIONS TO AUTHORS

Submission of Articles to the Journal
Articles can only be submitted online at https://dergipark.org.tr/journal/1126/submission/start. Manuscripts sent in any other way are not evaluated.

Submission Files
• Copyright Transfer Form (Required / Signature of all authors is required)
• Similarity Report
• Reviewer Suggestion List

Text Files
• Title Page (Required, including Copyright Transfer Form)
• Main Text (Required)
• Figures (.jpg, .jpeg, .tiff, .png, .doc)

Title Page
• The file to be sent must have a ‘.doc’ extension.
• Turkish and English title of the manuscript, names of authors, academic titles and institutions, contact information of the corresponding author (address, telephone and e-mails), and name of the organization if there is any supporter of the research should be stated.
• The name, place and date of the organization should be indicated for the studies which have been presented in a congress and the abstract has been published.
• Turkish and English running titles should not exceed 50 characters (including spaces).
• ORCID (Open Researcher and Contributor ID) numbers of all authors should be added.
• It should be clearly stated whether the authors have any financial or other conflict of interest regarding the subject and/or any other author.

Main Text
• Manuscripts should be written in double spaced 12 pt with Times New Roman character. There should be at least 2.5 cm margins on all sides of each page.
• The main text should not contain any information about the names and institutions of the authors.
• Original research articles should include a structured Abstract.
• Abstract should contain sections of Objective, Methods, Results and Conclusion.
• Abstract should be limited to 250 words. References, tables, citations and unexplained abbreviations should not be used in abstract.
• The number of keywords should be between 3-5, located at the end of the abstract
• Comma sign (p <0,05) should be used in Turkish text and dot sign should be used in English text (p <0.05) while specifying decimal numbers. When percentage is reported, the percentage sign (%) must precede the number (%45) in Turkish texts but it is vice versa (45%) in English texts.
• All abbreviations used in the article should be defined at first use. The abbreviation should be given in parentheses after the definition. When referring to a drug, product, hardware or software program in the main text, product information (including the state in the United States), including the name of the product, the manufacturer of the product, the manufacturing city and the country of the producing company, must be enclosed in parentheses.

Original Research
There should be no more than 5000 words (excluding abstract and references) and include the following headings in order:
• Title (both in Turkish and English)
• Abstract (both in Turkish and English)
• Key words (both in Turkish and English)
• Introduction
• Methods
• Results
• Discussion
• Disclosures, Ethical Standards Compliance, Conflict of Interest, Author Contributions, Financial Support
• References (up to 50)
• Figures and tables (up to 5)

Review Article
Maximum 8000 words (excluding abstract and references) and include the following subheadings:
• Title (both in Turkish and English)
• Abstract (both in Turkish and English)
• Key words (both in Turkish and English)
• Introduction
• Main text
• Discussion
• Disclosures, Ethical Standards Compliance, Conflict of Interest, Author Contributions
• References (up to 120)
• Figures and tables (if present)

Case report
Maximum 3500 words (excluding abstract and references) and include the following headings in order:
• Title (both in Turkish and English)
• Abstract (both in Turkish and English)
• Key words (both in Turkish and English)
• Introduction
• Case presentation
• Discussion
• Disclosures, Ethical Standards Compliance, Conflict of Interest, Author Contributions, Financial Support
• References (up to 10)
• Figures and tables (If present)

Letter to the Editor
Maximum 2000 words (excluding abstract and references) and include the following headings in order:
• Title (both in Turkish and English)
• Key words (both in Turkish and English)
• Main text
• References (up to 10)
• Disclosures, Ethical Standards Compliance, Conflict of Interest, Author Contributions, Financial Support
• Figures and tables (If present)

Technical Report
Maximum 3500 words (excluding abstract and references) and include the following headings in order:
• Title (both in Turkish and English)
• Abstract (both in Turkish and English)
• Key words (both in Turkish and English)
• Introduction
• Main text
• Discussion
• Disclosures, Ethical Standards Compliance, Conflict of Interest, Author Contributions, Financial Support
• References (up to 10)
• Figures and tables (up to 3)

Brief Report
Maximum 3500 words (excluding abstract and references) and include the following headings in order:
• Title (both in Turkish and English)
• Abstract (both in Turkish and English)
• Key words (both in Turkish and English)
• Introduction
• Methods
• Results
• Discussion
• Disclosures, Ethical Standards Compliance, Conflict of Interest, Author Contributions, Financial Support
• References (up to 10)
• Figures and tables (up to 3)

Tables
• All tables should be indicated in parentheses at the end of the relevant sentence where they appear in the text with the consecutive table numbers in the main text.
• The table, table titles and descriptions should be at the end of the main text.
• Tables should be arranged with a horizontal border at the top and bottom of the table header and also below the bottom row, and a vertical border to the right of the first column.
• If exist, a description of the symbols should appear below the table.

Figures
• Figures, graphics and photos must be uploaded as separate files.
• Figures should be presented in one of the formats .jpg, .jpeg, .tiff, .png, .doc.
• Photos and scans taken with a digital camera must be at least 300 dpi resolution, 1280x960 pixels and saved in .jpg, .jpeg, .png or .tiff formats.
• Figure captions should be listed at the end of the references section in the main text.
• A description of the symbols, if any, should appear below the figures.
• Written informed consent must be obtained from the patient and/or their legal representative for any photograph used. If possible, the photograph should be arranged so that it does not reveal the patient's identity.

REFERENCES
• American Medical Association (AMA) style is used for the citation: http://www.citethisforme.com/citation-generator/ama
• Use of citation programs is recommended (EndNote, Mendeley, Zotero etc.).

➢References in Text
References should be numbered consecutively in the main text and source numbers should be given as superscripts.
Previously used reference should be written with the same number.
▪ …in the studies.⁸
If there is more than one reference, references should be separated with a comma.
▪ …in the studies.^8,13,18
For consecutive references, the first and last reference must be separated by “-".
▪ ….in the studies.^13-16
In the sentences where more than one author name is mentioned, references should be cited just above the author.
▪ …… Acar et al.⁷ reported high prevalence while Balcı et al.¹² found lower values.

➢Listing of resources at the end of the text
References at the end of the manuscript should be listed according to the first order in the text. If the number of authors in the reference is 6 or less (≼6), all authors should be indicated. If more than 6, only the first 3 names should be given, and term of “et al.” should follow after the names of three authors. References should be presented at the end of the text according to the number of authors.
Single author: Surname AA.
Two authors: Surname AA, Surname BB.
Six authors: Surname AA, Surname BB, Surname CC, Surname DD, Surname EE, Surname FF. (All author names should be written without abbreviation.)
More than six authors: Surname AA, Surname BB, Surname CC, et al. (The names of the three authors should be written without abbreviation)

a. Citation from Articles Published in Printed Journals
▪ ‘Author's Last Name Initial letter of the author's name (s). Name of the article. Short name of the journal in italic. Publication year;Volume no(Issue):page number(s).

▪ Journal names should be abbreviated in italics in accordance with the journal abbreviations in Index Medicus / Medline / PubMed. A journal not included in the NLM catalog must be written without abbreviation.

Example: Özçelik F, Öztosun M, Gülsün M, Arslan E, Serdar MA. İdiopatik trombositopenik purpura ön tanılı bir olguda EDTA’ya bağlı psödotrombositopeni. Turkish J of Biochem. 2012;37(3):336-339.

▪ When a journal's supplement will be cited; It should be presented as (Suppl.) in English articles.

Example: McDougle CJ, Stigler KA, Posey DJ. Treatment of aggression in children and adolescents with autism and conduct disorder. J Clin Psychiatry. 2003; 64(suppl 4):16-25.

b. Citation from Articles with DOI Number from Online Journals
▪ Doi numbers should be included in articles published online
▪ No page number required

Example: Ozcelik F, Oztosun M, Gülsün M, ve ark. İdiopatik trombositopenik purpura ön tanılı bir olguda EDTA’ya bağlı psödotrombositopeni. Turk J Biochem. 2012;37(3):336-339. doi:10.5505/tjb.2012.18209

c. Citation from articles not yet published

Example: Brown JE. The relation between citations and references. J Med Style. In press

d. Website

Example: World Health Organization. Equitable access to essential medicines: a framework for collective action. http://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2004/WHO_EDM_2004.4.pdf. Published March 2004. Accessed December 6, 2005.

e. Book

▪ Book; ‘Author's Last Name Initial letter of the author's name (s). Book title. Edition number (do not indicate 1st edition). Place of publication: Publisher; Year.’

Example: Altuntaş B. Mendile, simite, boyaya, cope… Ankara sokaklarında çalışan çocuklar. 1st edition. İstanbul, Türkiye. İletişim Yayınları; 2003.
Example: Harmening D. Modern Blood Banking & Transfusion Practices. 6th Edition. Philadelphia, PA: F.A. Davis Company; 2012.

f. Book chapter
▪ It should be written in the following format: ‘Chapter author(s). Chapter title. In: Editor(s). Book title. Edition number. Place of publication, City: Publisher; Year: Page number(s)’.

Example: Meltzer H, Lowy M. Neuroendocrin function in psychiatric disorders. In: Berger P, Brodie H, ed. American Handbook of Psychiatry. 2nded. New York, NY: Basic Books Inc; 2019:110-117.

g. Translated books:

▪ It should be written in the following format: ‘Author of the book. Title of the translated book. Translation editor, Trans-ed. City, Country: Publisher; Year.’.

Example: Plato. The Laws. Taylor EA, Trans-ed. London, England: JM Dent & Sons Ltd; 1934:104-105.

h. Conference Presentations:

▪ Author(s). Title of presentation. Paper presented at: Meeting name; day.month.year; City, Country.

Example: Diamond M. Lymphatic system. Lecture presented at: University of California, Berkeley; September 26, 2005; Berkeley, CA.
Example: Weber KJ, Lee J, Decresce R, Subjasis M, Prinz R. Intraoperative PTH monitoring in parathyroid hyperplasia requires stricter criteria for success. Paper presented at: 25th Annual American Association of Endocrine Surgeons Meeting; April 6, 2004; Charlottesville, VA.

ı. Thesis

▪ Author(s). Title [Speciality/PhD thesis]. City, Country: Name of the University/Institution where the thesis is made; Publication Year.
Example: Fenster SD. Cloning and Characterization of Piccolo, a Novel Component of the Presynaptic Cytoskeletal Matrix [Dissertation]. Birmingham: University of Alabama; 2000.

▪ Author(s). Title [Master Thesis]. City, Country: Name of the University/Institution where the thesis is made; Publication Year.

Example: Undeman C. Fully Automatic Segmentation of MRI Brain Images Using Probabilistic Diffusion and a Watershed Scale-Space Approach [Master thesis]. Stockholm, Sweden: NADA, Royal Institute of Technology; 2001.

Withdrawal or Rejection
• Authors who want to withdraw the article and publish it elsewhere due to delay in the evaluation process of the submitted article and other reasons, may withdraw it from the journal with a written application.
• Manuscripts that are not accepted for publication are sent back with reason. Fifteen days are allowed for the articles that require correction during the pre-control phase while it is 30 days for the articles in the post-control phase. If these periods are exceeded, the text may be rejected.

After acceptance
• If the manuscript is accepted, the acceptance letter is sent to the responsible author within two weeks. The final version of the manuscript before the publication is submitted to the author's final control.
• The journal owner and editorial board are authorized to decide in which issue of the manuscripts to be published.