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A General Evaluation on Examining Nexus of Gender, Energy and Poverty

Year 2025, Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 12 - 26, 31.07.2025
https://doi.org/10.22466/acusbd.1594055

Abstract

The gender approach holds women mostly responsible for domestic work. Energy is a basic need to perform these tasks. Therefore, women have different energy needs than men due to domestic work. Failure to meet this need causes energy poverty. Women both struggle with energy poverty, have to find solutions to it, and are negatively affected by it. Thus, a link is formed between gender, energy and poverty. The bond in question expresses the obligations, exclusion and bad consequences of energy poverty on women, depending on the understanding of gender. The aim of the study prepared in this context is to explain the link between gender, energy and poverty, which has not been adequately examined in the literature. For this purpose, based on the document analysis method, one of the qualitative research methods, the study reveals what the vineyard means, its historical development and effects, and a general evaluation of the vineyard is made. As a result of the evaluation, the link between gender, energy and poverty; It was determined as the impact of gender inequality in energy on poor women. This study is important in terms of its contribution to the literature and guidance for future studies.

References

  • kabuiro, D. O. (2022, September 12). Energy poverty and gender ınequality in west africa: An ınternational human rights law perspective. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4216824
  • Amigo-Jorquera, C., & Guerrero-González, M. (2019). Does energy poverty have a female face in Chile? Tapuya: Latin American Science, Technology and Society, 2(1), 378-390.
  • Betto, F., Patrizia G., & Lorenzoni, A. (2020). A new measure of Italian hidden energy poverty. Energy Policy, 138, 1-7.
  • Birgi, O. G., Fuhrmann, A., Habersbrunner, K., & Stock, A. (2021, April). Gender and poverty. women engage for a common future. https://www.wecf.org/de/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/EmpowerMed_Gender-and-energy-poverty-Factsheet-2021.pdf
  • S., Çakmak, Z., Uçar, R., Elmacıoğlu, B., Hatipoğlu, S., Teneke, B., Budak, İ. (2024). Türkiye enerji sektöründe toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliği araştırması kadın istihdamı: Küresel ve yerel dinamikler, Alman Enerji Ajansı.
  • Cecelski, E. (2000). The role of women in sustainable energy. National Renewable Energy Laboratory.
  • Cecelski, E. (2003). Energy, poverty, and gender-enabling equitable access to rural electrification: Current thinking on energy, poverty and gender. The World Bank.
  • Cecelski, E. (2004). Re-thinking gender and energy: Old and new directions. Energia/Ease Discussion Paper, 41.
  • Clancy, J. S., Skutsch, M., & Batchelor, S. (2003). The gender-energy- poverty nexus: Finding the energy to adress gender concern in development. DFID.
  • Clancy, J., Ummar, F., Shakya, I., & Kelkar, G. (2007). Appropriate gender-analysis tools for unpacking the gender-energy-poverty nexus. Gender and Development, 2(15), 241-257.
  • Çakmak, Z., Uçar, C., Çelik, Ö., Budak, Ö., & Hatipoğlu, S. (2022). Enerji sektöründe toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliği raporu, Alman Federal Ekonomik İş Birliği ve Kalkınma Bakanlığı.
  • Dodo, O., & Nyon, C. (2014). Gender, poverty and energy nexus: Unpacking the conflict in zimbabave. International Journal of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Research, 3(1), 1-15.
  • Dutta, S. (1997). Role of women in rural energy programmes: Issues, problems and opportunities. Energia news, 4, 11-14.
  • Enerji ve Tabii Kaynaklar Bakanlığı. (2025, Ocak). Enerji.gov.tr/kurumsal-eskibakanlarimiz. https://enerji.gov.tr/kurumsal-eskibakanlarimiz
  • European Economic and Social Committee. (2022, November 24). energypoverty-women-more-likely-be-affected-men. https://www.eesc.europa.eu/en/news-media/news/energypoverty-women-more-likely-be-affected-men
  • European Institute for Gender Equality. (2016). Gender and energy. Publications Office of the European Union.
  • European Parliament. (2023). International women’s day: the gender aspects of energy poverty. European Parliament
  • Feenstra, M., & Özerol, G. (2021). Energy justice as a search light for gender-energy nexus: Towards a conceptual framework. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 138, 1-11.
  • Habersbrunner, K., & Martschew, E. C. (2020). Report on gender aspects of existing financial schemes for energy poverty measures. EmpowerMed.
  • İmran, M. (2018). Kırsal alandaki çiftçi ailelerin enerji tüketimini etkileyen faktörlerin karşılaştırmalı analizi: Türkiye ve pakistan örneği. [Doktora Tezi]. Akdeniz Ünivesitesi.
  • International Energy Agency. (2024, May 14). summit on clean cooking in africa https://www.iea.org/events/summit-on-clean-cooking-in-africa
  • International Energy Agency. (2025). A critical issue in energy employment, access and transitions: Energy and gender. https://www.iea.org/topics/energy-and-gender#gender-gaps-in-the-energy-sector
  • Irena R. (2019). Renewable energy: A gender perspective, Irena.
  • Karlsson, G., & Oparaocha, S. (2003). The road to Johannesburg and beyond: networking for gender and energy. Energy For Sustainable Development , 7(3), 62-67.
  • Köhlin, G. (2012). Energy, Gender and Development What are the Linkages? Where is the Evidence? The World Bank.
  • Listo, R. (2018). Gender myths in energy poverty literature: A critical discourse analysis. Energy Research & Social Science, 38, 9-18.
  • Mahat, I. (2006, September). Gender Roles in Household Energy Management: Issues and Implications. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/IsharaMahat/publication/233897270_Gender_Roles_in_Household_Energy_Management_Issues_and_Implications/links/0fcfd5112564872bab000000/Gender-Roles-in-Household-Energy-Management-Issues-and-Implications.pdf
  • Matzinger, S., & Berger, C. (2021). The gender dimension of energy poverty–an underexposed problem. Ep-pedia, Engager Cost Action.
  • Nalbant, F., & Korkmaz, T. (2019). Feminist teori temelinde toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliğinin türkiye. Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 5(2), 165-186.
  • Ngvara, S., Zhou, L., Ningi, T., Chari, M., & Mdiya, L. (2022). Gender and ethnic disparities in energy poverty: The case of South Africa. Energy Police, 161, 1-13.
  • Öcal, A. T., & Başarslan, A. T. (2022). Dünyada enerji yoksulluğuna odaklanmak: Sorunlar ve politikalar. İnsan&İnsan,, 9(33), 5-32.
  • Ramakrishnan, R. (2009). Resolving poverty, gender, energy nexus by stakeholder engagement. DSA Conference: Contemporary Crises and New Opportunities, University of Ulster.
  • Ryan, S. E. (2014). Rethinking gender and identity in energy studies. Energy Research & Social Science, 1, 96-105.
  • Shatlova, O., Sobolieva T., & Vostryakov O. (2021). Gender equality ın the energy sector: Analysis and empowerment. Energy Policy Journal, 24(4), 19-41.
  • Social Europe (2024, January 23). Gender, energy poverty and the European green deal. https://www.socialeurope.eu/gender-energy-poverty-and-the-european-green-deal
  • Stojilovska, A., Guyet, R., Mahoney, K., Gouveia, J., Rosa, R., Živčič, L., Tkalec, T. (2022). Energy poverty and emerging debates: Beyond the traditional triangle of energy poverty drivers. Energy Policy, 169, 1-14.
  • Toro, F., Vazquez, E. F., & Serrano, M. (2023). The Gender, energy, poverty nexus under review: A longitudinal study for spain. in R. Bardazzi, Pazienza, M. G. (Eds), Vulnerable Households in the Energy Transition: Energy Poverty, Demographics and Policies, 117-139, Springer.
  • Unwomen. (2024). Progress on the sustainable develeopment goals the gender snapshot 2024. United Nations.
  • Vatandaş, C. (2007). Toplumsal cinsiyet ve cinsiyet rollerinin algılanışı. İstanbul Journal of Sociological Studies, 29(35), 29-55.
  • Wamukonya, N. (2002). A critical look at gender and energy mainstreaming in Africa. Gender Perspectives İn Sustainable Development Prep Com III. A Panel Discussion, United Nations Division for the Advancement of Women and the Women’s Environment and Development Organizations.
  • Wickramasinghe, A. (2005). Gender, modern bıomass-energy techology and poverty: Case study in Sri Lanka. ENERGIA And DFID Kar Research Project.
  • Wilhite, H. (2017). Gender Implications of energy use and energy access. EEG State of Knowledge Paper Series.
  • Yılmaz, S. (2018). Toplumsal cinsiyet rollerinin günlük hayattaki yansımaları: Çorum/Alaca örneği. İmgelem, 2(2), 1-21.

Toplumsal Cinsiyet, Enerji ve Yoksulluk Bağının İncelenmesi Üzerine Genel Bir Değerlendirme

Year 2025, Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 12 - 26, 31.07.2025
https://doi.org/10.22466/acusbd.1594055

Abstract

Toplumsal cinsiyet yaklaşımı, ev içi işlerden çoğunlukla kadınları sorumlu tutmaktadır. Söz konusu işlerin görülmesi için enerji temel bir ihtiyaçtır. Dolayısıyla kadınların, ev içi işlerini yapabilmeleri için erkeklerden farklı enerji ihtiyacı bulunmaktadır. Bu ihtiyacın giderilememesi enerji yoksulluğuna neden olmaktadır. Kadınlar hem enerji yoksulluğu ile mücadele etmekte, hem ona çözüm üretmek zorunda kalmakta, hem de ondan olumsuz yönde etkilenmektedirler. Böylece, toplumsal cinsiyet, enerji ve yoksulluk arasında bir bağ oluşmaktadır. Söz konusu olan bağ, toplumsal cinsiyet anlayışına bağlı olarak, enerji yoksulluğunun, kadınlar üzerindeki yükümlülüklerini, dışlanmışlıklarını ve kötü sonuçlarını ifade etmektedir. Bu kapsamda hazırlanan çalışmanın amacı toplumsal cinsiyet, enerji ve yoksulluk bağını genel çerçevede açıklamaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman analizi yöntemine dayalı olarak çalışmada bağın ne anlama geldiği, tarihsel gelişimi ve etkileri ortaya koyularak bağa yönelik genel bir değerlendirme yapılmaktadır. Yapılan değerlendirme sonucunda, toplumsal cinsiyet, enerji ve yoksulluk bağı; enerji konusundaki toplumsal cinsiyet eşitsizliğinin yoksul kadınlar üzerindeki etkisi olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışma, literatüre sağlayacağı katkı ile ileride yapılacak çalışmalara yol göstermesi bakımından önem taşımaktadır.

References

  • kabuiro, D. O. (2022, September 12). Energy poverty and gender ınequality in west africa: An ınternational human rights law perspective. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4216824
  • Amigo-Jorquera, C., & Guerrero-González, M. (2019). Does energy poverty have a female face in Chile? Tapuya: Latin American Science, Technology and Society, 2(1), 378-390.
  • Betto, F., Patrizia G., & Lorenzoni, A. (2020). A new measure of Italian hidden energy poverty. Energy Policy, 138, 1-7.
  • Birgi, O. G., Fuhrmann, A., Habersbrunner, K., & Stock, A. (2021, April). Gender and poverty. women engage for a common future. https://www.wecf.org/de/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/EmpowerMed_Gender-and-energy-poverty-Factsheet-2021.pdf
  • S., Çakmak, Z., Uçar, R., Elmacıoğlu, B., Hatipoğlu, S., Teneke, B., Budak, İ. (2024). Türkiye enerji sektöründe toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliği araştırması kadın istihdamı: Küresel ve yerel dinamikler, Alman Enerji Ajansı.
  • Cecelski, E. (2000). The role of women in sustainable energy. National Renewable Energy Laboratory.
  • Cecelski, E. (2003). Energy, poverty, and gender-enabling equitable access to rural electrification: Current thinking on energy, poverty and gender. The World Bank.
  • Cecelski, E. (2004). Re-thinking gender and energy: Old and new directions. Energia/Ease Discussion Paper, 41.
  • Clancy, J. S., Skutsch, M., & Batchelor, S. (2003). The gender-energy- poverty nexus: Finding the energy to adress gender concern in development. DFID.
  • Clancy, J., Ummar, F., Shakya, I., & Kelkar, G. (2007). Appropriate gender-analysis tools for unpacking the gender-energy-poverty nexus. Gender and Development, 2(15), 241-257.
  • Çakmak, Z., Uçar, C., Çelik, Ö., Budak, Ö., & Hatipoğlu, S. (2022). Enerji sektöründe toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliği raporu, Alman Federal Ekonomik İş Birliği ve Kalkınma Bakanlığı.
  • Dodo, O., & Nyon, C. (2014). Gender, poverty and energy nexus: Unpacking the conflict in zimbabave. International Journal of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Research, 3(1), 1-15.
  • Dutta, S. (1997). Role of women in rural energy programmes: Issues, problems and opportunities. Energia news, 4, 11-14.
  • Enerji ve Tabii Kaynaklar Bakanlığı. (2025, Ocak). Enerji.gov.tr/kurumsal-eskibakanlarimiz. https://enerji.gov.tr/kurumsal-eskibakanlarimiz
  • European Economic and Social Committee. (2022, November 24). energypoverty-women-more-likely-be-affected-men. https://www.eesc.europa.eu/en/news-media/news/energypoverty-women-more-likely-be-affected-men
  • European Institute for Gender Equality. (2016). Gender and energy. Publications Office of the European Union.
  • European Parliament. (2023). International women’s day: the gender aspects of energy poverty. European Parliament
  • Feenstra, M., & Özerol, G. (2021). Energy justice as a search light for gender-energy nexus: Towards a conceptual framework. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 138, 1-11.
  • Habersbrunner, K., & Martschew, E. C. (2020). Report on gender aspects of existing financial schemes for energy poverty measures. EmpowerMed.
  • İmran, M. (2018). Kırsal alandaki çiftçi ailelerin enerji tüketimini etkileyen faktörlerin karşılaştırmalı analizi: Türkiye ve pakistan örneği. [Doktora Tezi]. Akdeniz Ünivesitesi.
  • International Energy Agency. (2024, May 14). summit on clean cooking in africa https://www.iea.org/events/summit-on-clean-cooking-in-africa
  • International Energy Agency. (2025). A critical issue in energy employment, access and transitions: Energy and gender. https://www.iea.org/topics/energy-and-gender#gender-gaps-in-the-energy-sector
  • Irena R. (2019). Renewable energy: A gender perspective, Irena.
  • Karlsson, G., & Oparaocha, S. (2003). The road to Johannesburg and beyond: networking for gender and energy. Energy For Sustainable Development , 7(3), 62-67.
  • Köhlin, G. (2012). Energy, Gender and Development What are the Linkages? Where is the Evidence? The World Bank.
  • Listo, R. (2018). Gender myths in energy poverty literature: A critical discourse analysis. Energy Research & Social Science, 38, 9-18.
  • Mahat, I. (2006, September). Gender Roles in Household Energy Management: Issues and Implications. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/IsharaMahat/publication/233897270_Gender_Roles_in_Household_Energy_Management_Issues_and_Implications/links/0fcfd5112564872bab000000/Gender-Roles-in-Household-Energy-Management-Issues-and-Implications.pdf
  • Matzinger, S., & Berger, C. (2021). The gender dimension of energy poverty–an underexposed problem. Ep-pedia, Engager Cost Action.
  • Nalbant, F., & Korkmaz, T. (2019). Feminist teori temelinde toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliğinin türkiye. Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 5(2), 165-186.
  • Ngvara, S., Zhou, L., Ningi, T., Chari, M., & Mdiya, L. (2022). Gender and ethnic disparities in energy poverty: The case of South Africa. Energy Police, 161, 1-13.
  • Öcal, A. T., & Başarslan, A. T. (2022). Dünyada enerji yoksulluğuna odaklanmak: Sorunlar ve politikalar. İnsan&İnsan,, 9(33), 5-32.
  • Ramakrishnan, R. (2009). Resolving poverty, gender, energy nexus by stakeholder engagement. DSA Conference: Contemporary Crises and New Opportunities, University of Ulster.
  • Ryan, S. E. (2014). Rethinking gender and identity in energy studies. Energy Research & Social Science, 1, 96-105.
  • Shatlova, O., Sobolieva T., & Vostryakov O. (2021). Gender equality ın the energy sector: Analysis and empowerment. Energy Policy Journal, 24(4), 19-41.
  • Social Europe (2024, January 23). Gender, energy poverty and the European green deal. https://www.socialeurope.eu/gender-energy-poverty-and-the-european-green-deal
  • Stojilovska, A., Guyet, R., Mahoney, K., Gouveia, J., Rosa, R., Živčič, L., Tkalec, T. (2022). Energy poverty and emerging debates: Beyond the traditional triangle of energy poverty drivers. Energy Policy, 169, 1-14.
  • Toro, F., Vazquez, E. F., & Serrano, M. (2023). The Gender, energy, poverty nexus under review: A longitudinal study for spain. in R. Bardazzi, Pazienza, M. G. (Eds), Vulnerable Households in the Energy Transition: Energy Poverty, Demographics and Policies, 117-139, Springer.
  • Unwomen. (2024). Progress on the sustainable develeopment goals the gender snapshot 2024. United Nations.
  • Vatandaş, C. (2007). Toplumsal cinsiyet ve cinsiyet rollerinin algılanışı. İstanbul Journal of Sociological Studies, 29(35), 29-55.
  • Wamukonya, N. (2002). A critical look at gender and energy mainstreaming in Africa. Gender Perspectives İn Sustainable Development Prep Com III. A Panel Discussion, United Nations Division for the Advancement of Women and the Women’s Environment and Development Organizations.
  • Wickramasinghe, A. (2005). Gender, modern bıomass-energy techology and poverty: Case study in Sri Lanka. ENERGIA And DFID Kar Research Project.
  • Wilhite, H. (2017). Gender Implications of energy use and energy access. EEG State of Knowledge Paper Series.
  • Yılmaz, S. (2018). Toplumsal cinsiyet rollerinin günlük hayattaki yansımaları: Çorum/Alaca örneği. İmgelem, 2(2), 1-21.
There are 43 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Gender and Politics
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Burcu Koyuncu Hışım 0000-0003-1472-1944

Publication Date July 31, 2025
Submission Date November 30, 2024
Acceptance Date May 31, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 11 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Koyuncu Hışım, B. (2025). Toplumsal Cinsiyet, Enerji ve Yoksulluk Bağının İncelenmesi Üzerine Genel Bir Değerlendirme. Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 11(1), 12-26. https://doi.org/10.22466/acusbd.1594055

Artvin Coruh University International Journal of Social Sciences

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