Kazakistan Popülasyonunda Alt Çene Birinci Premolar Dişinin Kök ve Kanal Morfolojisi: Bir Konik Işınlı Bilgisayarlı Tomografi Çalışması

Abstract

Amaç Bu çalışmanın amacı, Kazak popülasyonuna ait retrospektif konik ışınlı bilgisayarlı tomografi örnekleminde mandibular birinci küçük azı dişlerinin kök ve kanal morfolojisini değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler Çalışmada 300 hastaya ait toplam 600 mandibular birinci küçük azı dişi incelendi. Kök sayısı, kanal konfigürasyonları, bifurkasyon düzeyi, C-şekilli kanal varlığı, radiküler oluklar ve taurodontizm değerlendirildi. Kök kanal konfigürasyonları Vertucci ve Ahmed sınıflamalarına göre analiz edildi. Ayrıca yaş ve cinsiyet dağılımları kaydedildi. Bulgular Mandibular birinci küçük azı dişlerinin büyük çoğunluğu tek köklüydü (%93); iki köklü dişler olguların %7’sinde saptandı ve üç köklü form gözlenmedi. En sık görülen konfigürasyon Vertucci Tip I idi (%72-74), bunu yaklaşık %20 oranında Tip V izledi. Ahmed sınıflamasına göre en sık 1MP 1-1 konfigürasyonu görüldü. C-şekilli kanallar koronal üçlüde %17-18, orta üçlüde %27-28 ve apikal üçlüde yaklaşık %20 oranında tespit edildi. Taurodontizm gözlenmedi. Sonuç Kazak popülasyonunda mandibular birinci küçük azı dişleri belirgin anatomik varyasyonlar göstermektedir. C-şekilli kanallar, iki köklü formlar, Tip V kanal konfigürasyonları ve radiküler olukların varlığı, endodontik tedavi öncesinde ayrıntılı radyografik değerlendirme ve bireyselleştirilmiş tedavi planlamasının önemini vurgulamaktadır.

Keywords

• C-şekilli kanal
• Kazakistan popülasyonu
• ; konik ışınlı bilgisayarlı tomografi
• kök kanal morfolojisi
• mandibular birinci küçük azı dişi

Root and Canal Morphology of the Mandibular First Premolar in a Kazakh Population: A Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Study

Abstract

Objectives Understanding the root canal morphology of mandibular first premolars (M1Ps) is critical for effective endodontic treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency and morphological variations of M1Ps in a retrospective sample from a Kazakh population using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Material and Methods A total of 600 M1Ps from 300 patients were analyzed using CBCT. Root number, canal configurations according to the Vertucci and Ahmed classifications, C-shaped canal morphology, radicular grooves, taurodontism, bilateral symmetry, and demographic variables were evaluated. Results The majority of M1Ps exhibited a single root (93%), with 2-rooted teeth identified in 7% of cases; no 3-rooted forms were observed. Vertucci’s Type I (1-1) configuration was the most prevalent (72-74%), followed by Type V (1-2) in approximately 20% of cases, while Types II, III, and IV were rare (<3%). According to Ahmed’s classification, 1MP 1-1 predominated (72-74%), followed by 1MP 1-2 (15-17%) and 2-rooted 2MP B1L1 (6.7%). C-shaped canals were detected in 17-18% of cases at the coronal third, 27-28% in the middle third, and about 20% at the apical level. Taurodontism was not observed. Conclusion M1Ps in the Kazakh population demonstrate considerable anatomical variability. While most exhibit a single root and Vertucci Type I canal configuration, complex forms such as C-shaped canals, radicular grooves, and multi-rooted morphologies occur with notable frequency.

Keywords

• Ahmed classification
• C-shaped canal
• CBCT
• mandibular first premolar
• root canal morphology

Ethical Statement

This study was approved by the institutional ethics committee on 03.11.2023 with approval number LEC No. 1362. The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Since this was a retrospective study based on previously acquired anonymized CBCT records, the requirement for written informed consent was waived by the ethics committee.

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