Ürolitiazisli hastalarda biyofilm oluşumu ve antibiyotik direnci: fenotipik ve genotipik değerlendirme

Year 2024, , 16 - 23, 23.04.2024

Mohammed Munadi Mohammed Mohammed , Serhat Sirekbasan , Asal Aziz Tawfeeq

https://doi.org/10.30569/adiyamansaglik.1403447

Abstract

Amaç: Ürolitiyazis, toplumu önemli ölçüde etkileyen yaygın bir halk sağlığı sorunudur. Bu çalışmanın amacı; ürolitiyazisli hastalarda gelişen üriner sistem enfeksiyonlarının yaygın etkenlerini saptamak ve bu kökenlerin biyofilm oluşturma yeteneğinin fenotipik ve moleküler olarak araştırılmasıdır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Mayıs 2021 ile Kasım 2022 tarihleri arasında yürüttüğümüz çalışmamıza Kerkük Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi'ne idrar yolu enfeksiyonu semptomları ile başvuran ve böbrek taşı tanısı alan toplam 100 hasta dahil edildi. Alınan idrar örneklerinden klinik olarak önemli bakterilerin tanımlanması için rutin konvansiyonel yöntemler kullanıldı. Saptanan kökenlerin biyofilm oluşumu mikroplak yöntemi ile incelendi.
Bulgular: En sık izole edilen etkenler Escherichia coli (n:36) ve Proteus mirabilis (n:17) olarak saptandı. E. coli kökenlerinin %89’unda, P. mirabilis kökenlerinin ise %94'ünde biyofilm oluşumu gözlendi.
Sonuç: Elde edilen sonuçlar, özellikle E. coli ve P. mirabilis kökenlerinde yüksek biyofilm oluşumu ve bu biyofilm oluşumuna ilişkin genlerin sıklıkla bulunması açısından önemlidir.

Keywords

Ürolitiyazis, Biyofilm, Böbrek taşı, Direnç genleri

Ethical Statement

Çalışma için Kerkük Sağlık Dairesi Etik Kurulu’ndan onay alındı (Tarih: 1 Mart 2022, Sayı: 149). Çalışmamız Helsinki bildirisine uygun olarak yapıldı.

Supporting Institution

Çalışmayı maddi olarak destekleyen kişi/kuruluş yoktur.

Thanks

-

Biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance in patients with urolithiasis: assessment of phenotypic and genotypic

Abstract

Aim: Urolithiasis is a common public health problem that significantly impacts the community. The objective of this study was to identify the prevalent pathogens responsible for urinary tract infections in patients with urolithiasis and investigate the biofilm forming ability of these strains phenotypically and molecularly.
Materials and Methods: A total of 100 patients who presented to Kirkuk Training and Research Hospital with symptoms of urinary tract infection and were diagnosed with kidney stones were included in our study conducted between May 2021 and November 2022. Clinically significant bacteria from urine samples were identified using routine conventional methods. Biofilm formation of the identified strains was examined by microplate method.
Results: The most frequently isolated agents were Escherichia coli (n:36) and Proteus mirabilis (n:17). Biofilm formation was detected in 89% of E. coli strains and 94% of P. mirabilis strains.
Conclusion: The results obtained are important in terms of high biofilm formation, especially in E. coli and P. mirabilis strains, and the frequent presence of genes related to this biofilm formation.

Keywords

Urolithiasis, Biofilm, Kidney stones, Resistance genes

Ethical Statement

Ethical committee approval was received from the Ethics Committee of Kirkuk Health Office (Date: March 1, 2022, Number: 149). The study was conducted under the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.

Supporting Institution

No person/organization is supporting this study financially.

Thanks

-

References

• Morgan MS, Pearle MS. Medical management of renal stones. BMJ. 2016;352.
• Brikowski TH, Lotan Y, Pearle MS. Climate-related increase in the prevalence of urolithiasis in the United States. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008;105(28):9841-9846.
• Wang K, Ge J, Han W, et al. Risk factors for kidney stone disease recurrence: a comprehensive meta-analysis. BMC Urol. 2022;22(1):62.
• Hobbs T, Schultz LN, Lauchnor EG, Gerlach R, Lange D. Evaluation of Biofilm Induced Urinary Infection Stone Formation in a Novel Laboratory Model System. J Urol. 2018;199(1):178-185.
• Schultz LN, Connolly J, Lauchnor E, Hobbs TA, Gerlach R. Struvite stone formation by ureolytic biofilm infections. In: Lange D., Chew B., editors. The Role of Bacteria in Urology. Springer; Cham, Switzerland: 2016. pp. 41–49.
• Coffey BM, Anderson GG. Biofilm formation in the 96-well microtiter plate. Methods Mol Biol. 2014;1149:631-641.
• Davari Abad E, Khameneh A, Vahedi L. Identification phenotypic and genotypic characterization of biofilm formation in Escherichia coli isolated from urinary tract infections and their antibiotics resistance. BMC Res Notes. 2019;12(1):796.
• Sun Y, Wen S, Zhao L, et al. Association among biofilm formation, virulence gene expression, and antibiotic resistance in Proteus mirabilis isolates from diarrhetic animals in Northeast China. BMC Vet Res. 2020;16(1):176.
• Ahmed AE, Abol-Enein H, Awadalla A, El Degla H, El-Shehaby OA. Investigation of Virulence Genes of the Predominant Bacteria Associated with Renal Stones and their Correlation with Postoperative Septic Complications. Infect Drug Resist. 2022;15:3643-55.
• Tanthanuch M. Staghorn calculi in southern Thailand. J Med Assoc Thai. 2006;89(12):2086-2090.
• Maheswari UB, Palvai S, Anuradha PR, Kammili N. Hemagglutination and biofilm formation as virulence markers of uropathogenic Escherichia coli in acute urinary tract infections and urolithiasis. Indian J Urol. 2013;29(4):277-281.
• Nielubowicz GR, Mobley HL. Host-pathogen interactions in urinary tract infection. Nat Rev Urol. 2010;7(8):430-41.
• Ripa F, Pietropaolo A, Montanari E, Hameed BMZ, Gauhar V, Somani BK. Association of Kidney Stones and Recurrent UTIs: the Chicken and Egg Situation. A Systematic Review of Literature. Curr Urol Rep. 2022;23(9):165-174.
• Jan H, Akbar I, Kamran H, Khan J. Frequency of renal stone disease in patients with urinary tract infection. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad. 2008;20(1):60-62.
• Holmgren K, Danielson BG, Fellström B, Ljunghall S, Niklasson F, Wikström B. The relation between urinary tract infections and stone composition in renal stone formers. Scand J Urol Nephrol. 1989;23(2):131-136.
• Torzewska A, Budzyńska A, Białczak-Kokot M, Różalski A. In vitro studies of epithelium-associated crystallization caused by uropathogens during urinary calculi development. Microb Pathog. 2014;72:25-31.
• Ait-Mimoune N, Hassaine H, Boulanoir M. Bacteriological profile of urinary tract infections and antibiotic susceptibility of Escherichia coli in Algeria. Iran J Microbiol. 2022;14(2):156-160.
• Jalil MB, Al Atbee MYN. The prevalence of multiple drug resistance Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. J Clin Lab Anal. 2022;36(9):e24619.
• Adamus-Bialek W, Zajac E, Parniewski P, Kaca W. Comparison of antibiotic resistance patterns in collections of Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis uropathogenic strains. Mol Biol Rep. 2013;40(4):3429-3235.
• Chen Q, Ye J, Li XB, Zeng K, Zeng S. Drug resistance and influencing factors of biofilm bacteria in upper urinary calculi patients with double J stent indwelling. BMC Urol. 2023;23(1):165.
• Jaber AM, Aal Owaif HA. Detection Of Genes Involved In Biofilms Formation By Escherichia Coli Isolated From Patients Suffering Of Urinary Tract Infections. Plant Archives. 2020;20(2):5987-5992.
• Fattahi S, Kafil HS, Nahai MR, Asgharzadeh M, Nori R, Aghazadeh M. Relationship of biofilm formation and different virulence genes in uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates from Northwest Iran. GMS Hyg Infect Control. 2015;10:Doc11.
• Makia RS, Fadhil AM, Ismail MC. Biofilm production as a virulence factor in Uropathogenic bacteria and yeasts. Journal of Biotechnology Research Center. 2013;7(1):29-34.
• Tabatabaei A, Ahmadi K, Shabestari AN, Khosravi N, Badamchi A. Virulence genes and antimicrobial resistance pattern in Proteus mirabilis strains isolated from patients attended with urinary infections to Tertiary Hospitals, in Iran. Afr Health Sci. 2021;21(4):1677-1684.
• Qaddoorri SS, Laftaah BA, AbdALgani MN, et al. Correlation between virulence factor and biofilm formation in Proteus spp. Iraqi Journal of Science. 2015;56(2):1675-1681.
• Kwiecinska-Piróg J, Bogiel T, Skowron K, Wieckowska E, Gospodarek E. Proteus mirabilis biofilm - qualitative and quantitative colorimetric methods-based evaluation. Braz J Microbiol. 2015;45(4):1423-1431.
• Usein CR, Damian M, Tatu-Chitoiu D, et al. Prevalence of virulence genes in Escherichia coli strains isolated from Romanian adult urinary tract infection cases. J Cell Mol Med. 2001;5(3):303-310.
• Zamani H, Salehzadeh A. Biofilm formation in uropathogenic Escherichia coli: association with adhesion factor genes. Turk J Med Sci. 2018;48(1):162-167.
• Danilo de Oliveira W, Lopes Barboza MG, Faustino G, et al. Virulence, resistance and clonality of Proteus mirabilis isolated from patients with community-acquired urinary tract infection (CA-UTI) in Brazil. Microb Pathog. 2021;152:104642.
• Amina SA, Abdalnabi JA, Fatıma NA. Molecular assessments of Proteus mirabilis virulence factors isolated from urinary tract infection patients. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 2018;10(4):523-527.
• Mishu NJ, Shamsuzzaman SM, Khaleduzzaman HM, Nabonee MA. Association between Biofilm Formation and Virulence Genes Expression and Antibiotic Resistance Pattern in Proteus mirabilis, Isolated from Patients of Dhaka Medical College Hospital. Archives of Clinical and Biomedical Research, 2022;6(3):418-434.
• Abbas KF, Al Khafaji JK, Al-Shukri MS. Molecular detection of some virulence genes in Proteus mirabilis isolated from Hillaprovince. International Journal of Research Studies in Biosciences, 2015;3(10):85-89.
• Sosa V, Schlapp G, Zunino P. Proteus mirabilis isolates of different origins do not show correlation with virulence attributes and can colonize the urinary tract of mice. Microbiology. 2006;152:2149-2157.