Distribution and antibiotic susceptibility of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates isolated from various clinical specimens

Year 2024, , 10 - 15, 23.04.2024

Mehtap Solmaz , Yelda Dağcıoğlu , Umut Şay Coşkun

https://doi.org/10.30569/adiyamansaglik.1442817

Abstract

Aim: This study was planned to contribute to epidemiological data by determining from which clinical samples Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (S.maltophilia) bacteria isolated in the microbiology laboratory were isolated, their distribution according to clinics and their susceptibility status.
Materials and Methods: The study was carried out retrospectively from clinical specimens received by the Medical Microbiology Laboratory of Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University Medical Faculty Hospital from various outpatient clinics and wards between January 2016 and September 2019.
Results: Forty-five S. maltophilia strains isolated from clinical samples sent to the microbiology laboratory were included in the study. The highest number of bacteria were isolated from patients hospitalised in the ward. The most common comorbidity is malignancy. The most susceptible antibiotic was trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.
Conclusions: Due to increasing resistance rates, it is important to organise empirical treatment according to antibiogram results in infections in which S.maltophilia strains are identified as causative agents.

Keywords

Nonfermentative bacteria, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Antibiotic susceptibility

Ethical Statement

Ethics committee approval for our study was received from Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University Faculty of Medicine Non-invasive Clinical Research Ethics Committee (dated 23.03.2023, decision No. 2023/03, 23-KAEK-029).

Supporting Institution

No sponsorship or funding from agencies in the commercial sectors were received for this research.

Çeşitli klinik örneklerden izole edilen Stenotrophomonas maltophilia izolatlarının dağılımı ve antibiyotik duyarlılıkları

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma, mikrobiyoloji laboratuvarında izole edilen Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (S.maltophilia) bakterisinin hangi klinik örneklerden izole edildiğini, kliniklere göre dağılımlarını ve duyarlılık durumlarını belirleyerek epidemiyolojik verilere katkı sağlamak amacıyla planlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma, Ocak 2016- Eylül 2019 tarihleri arasında çeşitli poliklinik ve servislerden Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Laboratuvarı’na gelen klinik örneklerden retrospektif olarak yapılmıştır.
Bulgular: Klinik örneklerden izole edilmiş 45 S. maltophilia suşu çalışmaya alınmıştır. En fazla bakteri serviste yatan hastalardan izole edilmiştir. En yüksek saptatan komorbidite malignitedir. Bu suşların en duyarlı olduğu antibiyotik trimetoprim-sulfametoksazoldur.
Sonuç: Artan direnç oranları nedeniyle S.maltophilia suşlarının etken olarak belirlendiği enfeksiyonlarda ampirik tedavinin antibiyogram sonuçlarına göre düzenlenmesi önemlidir.

Keywords

Nonfermentatif bakteri, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Antibiyotik duyarlılığı

Ethical Statement

Ethics committee approval for our study was received from Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University Faculty of Medicine Non-invasive Clinical Research Ethics Committee (dated 23.03.2023, decision No. 2023/03, 23-KAEK-029).

Supporting Institution

No sponsorship or funding from agencies in the commercial sectors were received for this research.

References

• Kayış U. Antimikrobiyal direnç mekanizmaları. Aydın Sağlık Dergisi. 2019; 5:1-12.
• Dülger D, Berktaş M. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia suşlarının klinik önemi. Van Tıp Dergisi. 2007;14(3) 90-5.
• Tursun MF, Öner P, Aşçı Toramn Z. Non-Fermantatif Gram Negatif Bakterilerde Biyofilm Oluşumu ve Antibiyotik Duyarlılıklarının Belirlenmesi. Fırat Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Tıp Dergisi. 2023; 1:22-28.
• Scaria B, Kumar PC, Antony B, Kotian S. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in Blood Stream Infections – An Overview. European Journal of Medical and Health Sciences. 2023; 5(4), 13–17.
• Güzelant A, Kaya M, Güvenç Hİ, Akkaya O, Yüksekkaya Ş, Opuş A, ve ark. Çeşitli klinik örneklerden beş yılda izole edilen Stenotrophomonas maltophilia suşlarının dağılımı ve antimikrobiyal duyarlılıkları. Türk Mikrobiyol Cem Derg. 2014;44(2):75-9.
• JS Brooke. New strategies against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: a serious worldwide intrinsically drug-resistant opportunistic pathogen. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2014;12(1):1-4.
• Arslan GK, Esenkaya Taşbent F, Doğan M. Sınırlı antibiyotik seçeneği olan Stenotrophomonas maltophilia enfeksiyonlarında antibiyotik direnç profili. Turk Mikrobiyol Cemiy Derg. 2021;51(4):334-40.
• Pien C, Kuo H, Chang S, Chen P, Yeh H, Liu C, et al. Risk factors for levofloxacin resistance in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia from respiratory tract in a regional hospital. J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2015;48: 291–5.
• Looney WJ, Narita M, Mühlemann K. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: an emerging opportunist human pathogen. Lancet Infect Dis. 2009;9(5):312-23.
• Bahçeci İ, Kostakoğlu U, Duran ÖF, Yıldız ES. Çeşitli klinik örneklerden izole edilen Stenotrophomonas maltophilia suşlarının dağılımı ve antimikrobiyal duyarlılıkları: 8 yılık çalışma. Dicle Tıp Dergisi. 2021;4;8 (1) : 147-52.
• Juhász E, Krizsán G, Lengyel G, Grósz G, Pongrácz J, Kristóf K. Infection and colonization by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: antimicrobial susceptibility and clinical background of strains isolated at a tertiary care centre in Hungary. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob. 2014;13:333-9.
• Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Twenty-fourth informational supplement update. CLSI document M100-S24. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, Wayne,PA, 2014.
• EUCAST. EUCAST Clinical Breakpoint TableVersion 6.0,Valid From 2016-01-01. Basel: EUCAST, (2016). http://www.eucast.org/clinical_breakpoints/.
• Özkaya E, Aydın F, Bayramoğlu G, Buruk CK, Sandallı C. Klinik Örneklerden izole edilen trimetoprim-sülfametoksazole dirençli Stenotrophomonas maltophilia suşlarında integron, sul1-2 ve dfr genlerinin araştırılması. Mikrobiyol Bul. 2014;48(2): 201-12.
• Özdemir L, Özdemir B, Havlucu Y. Nozokomiyal pnömoni etkeni olarak Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: yedi olgu sunumu. Turk Toraks Derg. 2013;14: 72-4.
• Gibb J, Wong DW. Antimicrobial treatment strategies for Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: A Focus on Novel Therapies. Antibiotics. 2021;10:1226.
• Sedigh Ebrahim-Saraie H, Heidari H, Soltani B, Mardaneh J, Motamedifar M. Prevalence of antibiotic resistance and integrons, sul and Smqnr genes in clinical isolates of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia from a tertiary care hospital in Southwest Iran. Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2019;22:872-7.
• Banar M, Sattari-Maraji A, Bayatinejad G, Ebrahimi E, Jabalameli L, Beigverdi R et al.. Global prevalence and antibiotic resistance in clinical isolates of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front. Med. 2023; 10:1163439.
• Samonis G, Karageorgopoulos DE, Maraki S, Levis P, Dimopolou D, Spernovasilis N, et al. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections in a general hospital: patient characteristics, antimicrobial susceptibility, and treatment outcome. PLoS One. 2012;7:1-7.
• Sadıç B, Başaran S, Yavuz S, Çağatay A, Özsüt H, Eraksoy H. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: antimikrobik duyarlılık testi sonuçları ve seftazidimin moksifloksasinle kombinasyonunun in vitro etkinliği. Klimik Derg. 2019;32(1):29-34.
• Hazırolan G, Araz H, Çelikbaş AK, Aksu N. Klinik örneklerden izole edilen Stenotrophomonas maltophilia suşlarının trimetoprim-sülfametoksazol ve levofloksasin direncinde belirgin artış var (2208-2016). Turk Mikrobiyol Cemiy Derg. 2018;48(2):134-40.
• Dadashi M, Hajikhani B, Nazarinejad N, Noorisepehr N, Yazdani S, Hashemi A, et al. Global prevalence and distribution of antibiotic resistance among clinical isolates of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance. 2023; 34: 253-267.
• Kandemir I, Özcan N, Alanbayı Ü, Bozdağ H, Akpolat N, Gül K. Klinik örneklerden izole edilen Stenotrophomonas maltophilia suşlarının dağılımı ve antimikrobiyal duyarlılıkları. Dicle Medical Journal. 2016;43: 237-40.
• Hsueh SC, Lee Y, Huang YT, Liao CH, Tsuji M, Hsueh PR. In vitro activities of cefiderocol, ceftolozane/tazobactam, ceftazidime/ avibactamandother comparative drugs against imipenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, all associated with blood stream infections in Taiwan. Antimicrob Chemother. 2019;74: 380–6.
• Ismail N, Zam Z, Hassan SA, Rahman ZA. A Combination of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and ceftazidime showed good invitro activity against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Malays. J Med Sci. 2017;24: 21–7.
• Zhao J, Huang Y, Li J, Zhang B, Dong Z, Wang D. In vitro Antibacterial Activity and Resistance Prevention of Antimicrobial Combinations for Dihydropteroate Synthase-Carrying Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Infection and Drug Resistance. 2022; 15:3039–46.
• Flamm RK, Shortridge D, Castanheira M, Sader H, Pfaller MA. In Vitro activity of minocycline against U.S. isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii-Acinetobacter calcoaceticus species complex, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, and Burkholderia cepacia complex: Results from the SENTRY antimicrobial surveillance program, 2014 to 2018. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 2019; 63.
• Arabacı Ç, Yanılmaz Ö, Uzun B. Çeşitli klinik örneklerden izole edilen Stenotrophomonas maltophilia suşlarının antibiyotik duyarlılıkları. ANKEM Derg. 2019;33(2):58-64.
• Şen P, Yula E, Er H, Güngör S, Özdemir R, Baran N ve ark.. Çeşitli klinik örneklerden izole edilen Stenotrophomonas maltophilia suşlarında antibiyotiklere direnç oranı. Ortadoğu TIP Dergisi. 2017;9 (3): 113-7.
• Lai JJ, Siu LK, Chang FY, Lin JC, Yu CM, Wu RX, Wang CH. Appropriate antibiotic therapy is a predictor of outcome in patients with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia blood stream infection in the intensive care unit. Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection. 2023; 56(3), 624-633.