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Sakarya Havzası Kirmir Çayı’nın Bentik Makroomurgasız Faunası Üzerine Organik Kirliğin Etkisi

Year 2008, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 5 - 12, 01.03.2008

Abstract

Kirmir Çayı Türkiye’nin Orta Anadolu Bölgesinin en önemli nehirlerinden biri olan Sakarya Nehri’nin
bir koludur. Kirlilik dünya üzerindeki hemen hemen her su kaynağını etkisi altına almıştır. Yalnızca Su
kaynaklarının kirlenme yüzdesi farklılıdır. Evsel ve gıda endüstrüsü atıkları gibi organik kökenli atıklar arıtma
yapılmaksızın Kirmir Çayı’na bırakılmaktadır.
Bu çalışmada, Kirmir çayının makroomurgasızlarının kalitatif ve kantitatif özellikleri ve mevsimsel
dağılımları incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla, bir yıl süreyle aylık su ve sediment örnekleri almak için üç farklı istasyon
seçilmiştir. Kirmir Çayı’nın bentik faunasının 13 hayvan grubundan oluştuğu saptanmıştır. Bunların biyomas
miktarları tesbit edilmiştir. Grupların yüzdeleri, istasyon 1’de %58,32±21.69% Tubificidae, % 17.69±13.82
Physidae, % 14.35±20.85 Chironomidae ve % 9,64 diğer; istasyon 2’de % 56.37±33.00 Tubificidae, %
15.79±27.88 Libellulidae, % 9.29±18.44 Physidae, % 18,55 diğer; istasyon 3’de % 98.23±4.07 Unionidae, %
1,77 diğer olarak belirtilmiştir. Kirliliğe dayanıklı bu hayvanlar Kirmir Çayı’nın organik kirlilik etkisi altında
olduğunu göstermiştir.

References

  • Anonymous, 2008, http://www.sussex
  • ouse.org.uk/bmwp/index.htm more problems to get enough amount of clean water. Waters are under risk of pollution and global warming. It is hard to protect waters when the world becomes more crowded. (last visited 07, 24, 2008).
  • Camargo, J.A., 2004, Macrobenthic surveys as a valuable tool for assessing freshwater quality in the Iberian Peninsula, Environmental Monitoring and Assessement, 24: 71-90.
  • Cosser, P.R., 1988, Macroinvertebrate community structure and chemistry of an organically polluted Creek in South-east Queensland, Australian Journal Marine and Freshwater Research, 39: 671-683.
  • Dumnicka, E., Kasza, H., Kownacki, A., Krzyzanek, E., Kuflikowski, T., 1988, Effects of regulated stream on the hydrochemistry and zoobenthos in differently polluted parts of the upper Vistula Rivre (Southern Polland), Hydrobiologia, 169: 183-191.
  • Edmondson, W.T., 1959, Freshwater Biology. John Wiley & Sons Press, Seattle.
  • Fenoglio, S., Bandino, G., Bona, F., 2002, Benthic Macroinvertebrate Communities as Indicators of River Environment Quality: an experience in Nicaragua, Revista Biologia Tropical, 50: 1125-1131.
  • Geldiay, R., Bilgin, F.H., 1969, Türkiye’nin bazı bölgelerinden tespit edilen Tatlı Su Molluskleri, Ege Universitesi Fen Fakultesi Ilmi Raporlar, 90: 5-26.
  • Kazanci, N., Girgin, S., 1998, Distribution of oligochaete species as bioindicators of organic pollution in Ankara Stream and their use in biomonitoring, Turkish Journal of Zoology, 22: 83-87.
  • Kucuk, S., 2006, Macroinvertebrate community structure in the Kirmir Creek, Adnan Menderes Universitesi Ziraat Fakultesi Dergisi, 3: 35-40.
  • Lang, C., Reymond, O., 1993, Empirical relationships between diversity of invertebrate communities and altitute in rivers: Application to monitoring, Aquatic Sciences, 55: 188-196.
  • Macan, T.T., 1975, A Guide to Freshwater Invertebrate Animals, Longman Press, London.
  • Olive, J.H., Jackson, J.L., Bass, J., Holland, L., Savisky, T., 1988, Benthic macroinvertebrates as indexes of water quality in the upper Cuyahoga River, Ohio Journal Science, 88: 91-98.
  • Rae, J.G., 1989, Chironomid midges as indicators of organic pollution in the Scioto River basin, Ohio, Ohio Journal Science, 89: 5-9.
  • Şahin, Y., Tanınmış, M., Küçük, A., 1988, Gökçeada Faunası. Kısım I Chironomidae Larvaları, Anadolu Üniversitesi Fen- Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 1: 1-15.
  • Şahin, Y., 1991, Yeni Diamesinae (Chironomidae, Diptera) türleri, Anadolu Üniversitesi Fen- Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 3: 63-72.
  • Seager, J., Abrahams, R.G., 1990, The impact of storm sewage discharges on the ecology of a small urban river, Water Science Technology, 22: 163-171.
  • Semenchenko, V.P., Moroz, M.D., 2005, Comparative Analysis of Biotic Indices in the Monitoring System of Running Water in a Biospheric Reverse, Water Resources, 32: 200-203.
  • Walsh, C.J., Sharpe, A.K., Breen, P.F., Sonneman, J.A., 2001, Effects of Urbanization on Streams of the Melbourne Region, Victoria, Australia. I. Benthic Macroinvertebrate Communities, Freshwater Biology, 46: 535-551.
  • Whitehurst, I., 1991, The Gammarus:Asellus ratio as an index of organic pollution, Water Resources, 25: 333-339.
  • Willemsen, G.D., Gast, H.F., Franken, R.O.G., Cuppen, J.G.M., 1990, Urban storm water discharges: effects upon communities of sessile diatoms and macroinvertebrates, Water Science Technology, 22: 147-154.
  • Woodall, W.R., Wallance, JR., Wallance, Wallance, J.B., 1972, The Benthic Fauna in Four small Southern Appalachian Streams, The American Midland Naturalist, 8: 393- 407.
  • Zamora-Munoz, C., Sanchez-Ortega, A., Alba- Tercedor, J., 1993, Physico-chemical factors that determine the distribution of mayflies and stoneflies in a high-mountain stream in Southern Europe (Sierra Nevada, Southern Spain), Aquatic Insects, 15: 11-20.
  • Geliş Tarihi:28.12.2007
  • Kabul Tarihi:20.04.2008

THE EFFECT OF ORGANIC POLLUTION ON BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATE FAUNA IN THE KIRMIR CREEK IN THE SAKARYA BASIN

Year 2008, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 5 - 12, 01.03.2008

Abstract

Kirmir Creek is an arm of Sakarya River which is one of the important rivers in the Middle Anatolia Region in Turkey. Pollution takes effects almost every waterbody on the Earth. Only differs pollution percentage of water sources. Organically originated wastes such as domesticated discharges and wastes from food industries release to the Kirmir Creek without treatment. In this study, the qualitative and quantitative properties and seasonal distribution of the macroinvertebrates of Kirmir Creek were investigated. For this purpose, 3 different stations were selected to take sediment and water samples monthly in one year. Sediment was exampled by Ekman sampler The benthic fauna of the Kirmir Creek was detected consisting of 13 animal groups. They were observed as biomass. Percentages of the groups were indicated as 58,32±21.69% Tubificidae, 17.69±13.82% Physidae, 14.35±20.85% Chironomidae, and 9,64% others in the station 1; 56.37±33.00% Tubificidae, 15.79±27.88% Libellulidae, 9.29±18.44% Physidae, and 18,55% others in the station 2; 98.23±4.07% Unionidae, 1,77±0,35% Libellulidae and others98.23±4.07 in the station 3. These animals tolerant to pollution showed that the Kirmir Creek was under the impact of organic pollution. Key Words: Macroinvertebrate, benthic fauna, Kirmir Creek, organic pollution.

References

  • Anonymous, 2008, http://www.sussex
  • ouse.org.uk/bmwp/index.htm more problems to get enough amount of clean water. Waters are under risk of pollution and global warming. It is hard to protect waters when the world becomes more crowded. (last visited 07, 24, 2008).
  • Camargo, J.A., 2004, Macrobenthic surveys as a valuable tool for assessing freshwater quality in the Iberian Peninsula, Environmental Monitoring and Assessement, 24: 71-90.
  • Cosser, P.R., 1988, Macroinvertebrate community structure and chemistry of an organically polluted Creek in South-east Queensland, Australian Journal Marine and Freshwater Research, 39: 671-683.
  • Dumnicka, E., Kasza, H., Kownacki, A., Krzyzanek, E., Kuflikowski, T., 1988, Effects of regulated stream on the hydrochemistry and zoobenthos in differently polluted parts of the upper Vistula Rivre (Southern Polland), Hydrobiologia, 169: 183-191.
  • Edmondson, W.T., 1959, Freshwater Biology. John Wiley & Sons Press, Seattle.
  • Fenoglio, S., Bandino, G., Bona, F., 2002, Benthic Macroinvertebrate Communities as Indicators of River Environment Quality: an experience in Nicaragua, Revista Biologia Tropical, 50: 1125-1131.
  • Geldiay, R., Bilgin, F.H., 1969, Türkiye’nin bazı bölgelerinden tespit edilen Tatlı Su Molluskleri, Ege Universitesi Fen Fakultesi Ilmi Raporlar, 90: 5-26.
  • Kazanci, N., Girgin, S., 1998, Distribution of oligochaete species as bioindicators of organic pollution in Ankara Stream and their use in biomonitoring, Turkish Journal of Zoology, 22: 83-87.
  • Kucuk, S., 2006, Macroinvertebrate community structure in the Kirmir Creek, Adnan Menderes Universitesi Ziraat Fakultesi Dergisi, 3: 35-40.
  • Lang, C., Reymond, O., 1993, Empirical relationships between diversity of invertebrate communities and altitute in rivers: Application to monitoring, Aquatic Sciences, 55: 188-196.
  • Macan, T.T., 1975, A Guide to Freshwater Invertebrate Animals, Longman Press, London.
  • Olive, J.H., Jackson, J.L., Bass, J., Holland, L., Savisky, T., 1988, Benthic macroinvertebrates as indexes of water quality in the upper Cuyahoga River, Ohio Journal Science, 88: 91-98.
  • Rae, J.G., 1989, Chironomid midges as indicators of organic pollution in the Scioto River basin, Ohio, Ohio Journal Science, 89: 5-9.
  • Şahin, Y., Tanınmış, M., Küçük, A., 1988, Gökçeada Faunası. Kısım I Chironomidae Larvaları, Anadolu Üniversitesi Fen- Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 1: 1-15.
  • Şahin, Y., 1991, Yeni Diamesinae (Chironomidae, Diptera) türleri, Anadolu Üniversitesi Fen- Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 3: 63-72.
  • Seager, J., Abrahams, R.G., 1990, The impact of storm sewage discharges on the ecology of a small urban river, Water Science Technology, 22: 163-171.
  • Semenchenko, V.P., Moroz, M.D., 2005, Comparative Analysis of Biotic Indices in the Monitoring System of Running Water in a Biospheric Reverse, Water Resources, 32: 200-203.
  • Walsh, C.J., Sharpe, A.K., Breen, P.F., Sonneman, J.A., 2001, Effects of Urbanization on Streams of the Melbourne Region, Victoria, Australia. I. Benthic Macroinvertebrate Communities, Freshwater Biology, 46: 535-551.
  • Whitehurst, I., 1991, The Gammarus:Asellus ratio as an index of organic pollution, Water Resources, 25: 333-339.
  • Willemsen, G.D., Gast, H.F., Franken, R.O.G., Cuppen, J.G.M., 1990, Urban storm water discharges: effects upon communities of sessile diatoms and macroinvertebrates, Water Science Technology, 22: 147-154.
  • Woodall, W.R., Wallance, JR., Wallance, Wallance, J.B., 1972, The Benthic Fauna in Four small Southern Appalachian Streams, The American Midland Naturalist, 8: 393- 407.
  • Zamora-Munoz, C., Sanchez-Ortega, A., Alba- Tercedor, J., 1993, Physico-chemical factors that determine the distribution of mayflies and stoneflies in a high-mountain stream in Southern Europe (Sierra Nevada, Southern Spain), Aquatic Insects, 15: 11-20.
  • Geliş Tarihi:28.12.2007
  • Kabul Tarihi:20.04.2008
There are 25 citations in total.

Details

Other ID JA39MT49ZS
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Semra Kucuk This is me

Publication Date March 1, 2008
Published in Issue Year 2008 Volume: 5 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Kucuk, S. (2008). Sakarya Havzası Kirmir Çayı’nın Bentik Makroomurgasız Faunası Üzerine Organik Kirliğin Etkisi. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(1), 5-12.
AMA Kucuk S. Sakarya Havzası Kirmir Çayı’nın Bentik Makroomurgasız Faunası Üzerine Organik Kirliğin Etkisi. ADÜ ZİRAAT DERG. June 2008;5(1):5-12.
Chicago Kucuk, Semra. “Sakarya Havzası Kirmir Çayı’nın Bentik Makroomurgasız Faunası Üzerine Organik Kirliğin Etkisi”. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 5, no. 1 (June 2008): 5-12.
EndNote Kucuk S (June 1, 2008) Sakarya Havzası Kirmir Çayı’nın Bentik Makroomurgasız Faunası Üzerine Organik Kirliğin Etkisi. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 5 1 5–12.
IEEE S. Kucuk, “Sakarya Havzası Kirmir Çayı’nın Bentik Makroomurgasız Faunası Üzerine Organik Kirliğin Etkisi”, ADÜ ZİRAAT DERG, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 5–12, 2008.
ISNAD Kucuk, Semra. “Sakarya Havzası Kirmir Çayı’nın Bentik Makroomurgasız Faunası Üzerine Organik Kirliğin Etkisi”. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 5/1 (June 2008), 5-12.
JAMA Kucuk S. Sakarya Havzası Kirmir Çayı’nın Bentik Makroomurgasız Faunası Üzerine Organik Kirliğin Etkisi. ADÜ ZİRAAT DERG. 2008;5:5–12.
MLA Kucuk, Semra. “Sakarya Havzası Kirmir Çayı’nın Bentik Makroomurgasız Faunası Üzerine Organik Kirliğin Etkisi”. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 5, no. 1, 2008, pp. 5-12.
Vancouver Kucuk S. Sakarya Havzası Kirmir Çayı’nın Bentik Makroomurgasız Faunası Üzerine Organik Kirliğin Etkisi. ADÜ ZİRAAT DERG. 2008;5(1):5-12.