ÇEVRESEL FAKTÖRLERiN SİYAH-ALACA SIĞIRDA SÜTÜN PROTEİN KOMPOZİYONUNA ETKİLERİ

Yıl 2008, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1, 13 - 18, 01.03.2008

Ayşe Deniz Çardak

Öz

Çalışmada Siyah-Alaca sığırlarda sütün protein içeriği ve komposizyonuna mevsim, laktasyon sayısı, laktasyon
dönemi ve somatik hücre sayısının (SHS) etkileri araştırılmıştır. Laktasyon boyunca toplanan süt örneklerinde
protein fraksiyonları Poliakrilamid-Jel-Elektroforezi’nde ayrılmış ve densitometre yardımıyla her bir protein
fraksiyonunun içeriği belirlenmiştir. Sütün protein içeriğine mevsim, laktasyon dönemi ve SHS’nın etkileri
önemli bulunmuştur. αS1-kazein (-Cn) içeriğine mevsim, laktasyon dönemi, laktasyon sayısı, SHS; β-Cn
içeriğine mevsim, laktasyon sayısı, SHS; κ-Cn içeriğine laktasyon sayısı, laktasyon dönemi, mevsim;
α-Laktalbumin (-La) içeriğine mevsim, laktasyon dönemi, SHS; β-Laktoglobulin (-Lg) içeriğine laktasyon
dönemi, laktasyon sayısı, mevsim ve SHS önemli etkiye sahiptir. Sütün protein, αS1-Cn ve β-Lg içeriği EylülAralık
döneminde maksimum seviyededir. Laktasyon sayısının artmasıyla birlikte αS1-Cn içeriği azalmakta,
β-Cn içeriği artmaktadır. Beşinci ve daha sonraki laktasyonlarda κ-Cn ve β-Lg içeriği minimum seviyededir.
Laktasyonun ikinci ayında minimum olan protein ve β-Lg içeriği laktasyon sonuna kadar sürekli artmaktadır.
αS1-Cn içeriğinde laktasyon süresince azalma belirlenmiştir. SHS’nın artmasıyla α-La, β-Lg ve κ-Cn içeriğinin
arttığı; αS1-Cn ve β-Cn içeriğinin azaldığı tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çevresel faktörler, αS1-Kazein, β-Kazein, κ-Kazein, α-Laktalbumin, β-Laktoglobulin

Environmental Effects on Milk Protein Compositon in Holstein Friesian Cattle

Öz

Effects of season, parity number, stage of lactation and somatic cell count (SCC) on protein content as well as
protein composition were investigated in Holstein Friesian cattle. Milk protein fractions were quantified after
polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, using computer-assisted densitometer. Milk protein content was effected by
season, stage of lactation and SCC. Season, stage of lactation, parity number and SCC affected αS1-casein (-Cn)
content. β-Cn content was effected by season, parity number and SCC. Parity number, stage of lactation and
season had significant effect on κ-Cn content. α-Lactalbumin (-La) content was effected by season, stage of
lactation and SCC, while stage of lactation, parity number, season as well as SCC affected β-Lactoglobulin (-Lg)
content. Protein, αS1-Cn and β-Lg content was higher between September-December. Increased parity number
was associated with decreased αS1-Cn and increased β-Cn content. Last parity subclass had minimum κ-Cn and
β-Lg content. Protein and β-Lg content was minimum in second lactation monat and then increased as lactation
progressed, while αS1-Cn content was decreased. Increased SCC were associated with increased α-La, β-Lg,
κ-Cn as well as decreased αS1-Cn and β-Cn content.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Environmental factors, αS1-Casein, β-Casein, κ-Casein, α-Lactalbumin, β-Lactoglobulin

Kaynakça

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• Geliş Tarihi:13.03.2008
• Kabul Tarihi:08.05.2008