Determination of Yield and Yield Criteria of Different Cotton Lines and Varieties

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 21 Sayı: 1, 37 - 44, 30.06.2024

Dilan Altun Emine Karademir

https://doi.org/10.25308/aduziraat.1406419

Öz

Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) has a economic and strategic importance that provides raw materials to the textile sector. Efforts are being made to increase cotton yield and fiber quality through breeding studies carried out in the world and in Türkiye. It is necessary to determine the yield and yield criteria of the genotypes to be included in the breeding programs and to determine their superiority compared to the control varieties. In this research carried out for this purpose, 165 cotton genotypes were tested to determine yield and yield components. The trial was carried out in 2019 in the experimental area of Siirt University Faculty of Agriculture, Field Crops Department, in 4 blocks according to the Augmented trial design, and 165 genotype materials, including 160 cotton genotypes and 5 control varieties (Stoneville 468, BA 119, BA 440, Edessa, Lima) was used as plant material. In the study, seed cotton yield, plant height, number of monopodial and sympodial branches, number of nodes and number of bolls were examined. Results showed that the highest seed cotton yield were obtained from MNH-786, Dpl-5540-85-subokra and Mex 123 cotton genotypes and that these genotypes showed the highest values than the superior control variety. Deltapine 5816, Stoneville 213 and CIM-70 genotypes were found to be promising for plant height, VH 260, Stoneville 213 and Tamcot Sphinx for sympodial branches, and Deltapine 905, NIAB 777, Tonia and Stoneville 213 genotypes for boll number. The findings showed that there is a wide genetic variability among cotton genotypes in terms of yield and yield component, genotypes with ideal values in terms of desired characteristics can be used as parents in cotton breeding program and new cotton genotypes suitable for the textile sector can be obtained.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Cotton, genotype, yield, yield component, textile sector

Destekleyen Kurum

Siirt Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırmalar Proje Koordinasyon Birimi

Proje Numarası

2020-SİÜFEB-021

Teşekkür

2020-SİÜFEB-021 nolu proje ile destek sağlayan Siirt Üniversitesi BAP birimine teşekkür ederiz.

Farklı pamuk hat ve çeşitlerinin verim ve verim kriterlerinin belirlenmesi

Öz

Pamuk (Gossypium hirsutum L.), tekstil sektörüne hammadde sağlayan ekonomik ve stratejik öneme sahip bir bitkidir. Dünya’da ve Türkiye’de yürütülen ıslah çalışmaları ile pamuk veriminin ve lif kalitesinin arttırılmasına çalışılmaktadır. Islah programlarında kullanılacak genotiplerin öncelikle verim ve verim komponentlerinin belirlenmesi ve kontrol çeşitlere göre üstünlüklerinin saptanması gerekmektedir. Bu amaçla yürütülen bu araştırmada, 165 adet pamuk genotipi verim ve verim komponentlerinin belirlenmesi bakımından test edilmiştir. Deneme 2019 yılında Siirt Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Tarla Bitkileri bölümü deneme alanında Augmented deneme desenine göre 4 blok şeklinde yürütülmüş ve 160 adet pamuk genotipi ve 5 adet kontrol çeşit (Stoneville 468, BA 119, BA 440, Edessa ve Lima) olmak üzere 165 adet genotip materyal olarak kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada kütlü pamuk verimi, bitki boyu, odun dalı ve meyve dalı sayısı, boğum sayısı ve koza sayısı özellikleri incelenmiştir. Çalışmada kütlü pamuk verimi bakımından en yüksek değerlerin MNH-786, Dpl-5540-85-subokra ve Mex 123 genotiplerinden elde edildiği ve bu genotiplerin en yüksek kontrol çeşitten daha üstün değerler gösterdikleri belirlenmiştir. Deltapine 5816, Stoneville 213 ve CIM-70 genotiplerinin bitki boyu bakımından, VH 260, Stoneville 213 ve Tamcot Sphinx genotiplerinin meyve dalı sayısı bakımından, Deltapine 905, NIAB 777, Tonia ve Stoneville 213 genotiplerinin ise koza sayısı bakımından daha ümitvar oldukları görülmüştür. Araştırmada elde edilen bulgular incelenen özellikler yönü ile materyalde geniş bir genetik değişkenliğin bulunduğunu, istenen özellikler bakımından ideal değerlere sahip genotiplerin pamuk ıslah çalışmalarında ebeveyn olarak kullanılabileceğini ve tekstil sektörüne uygun yeni pamuk genotiplerinin elde edilebileceğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Pamuk, genotip, verim, verim komponentleri

Proje Numarası

2020-SİÜFEB-021

Kaynakça

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