Karabük İlinde Manda Sütlerinde Aflatoksin M1 Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 1, 51 - 57, 30.06.2025

İlkay Buran , Mehmet Özdemir

https://doi.org/10.25308/aduziraat.1579509

Öz

Sütlerde kalıntı şeklinde bulunan AFM1 insanlarda büyüme bozukluğuna, bağışıklık sisteminin baskılanmasına ve kanser meydana gelmesine sebep olmaktadır. Bu çalışma, çiğ manda sütlerinde AFM1 konsantrasyonlarını izlemek, Türk Gıda Kodeksi Yönetmeliği ve Avrupa standartları tarafından belirlenen maksimum izin verilen sınırlarla karşılaştırmak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Karabük merkez, Eflani, Safranbolu ve Yenice ilçelerinde bulunan aile tipi küçük süt işletmelerinden Kasım 2023 ve Ocak 2024 tarihleri arasında 90 adet manda sütü örnekleri materyal olarak toplanmıştır. Çalışmada, 90 adet çiğ manda sütü örneklerinde ELISA yöntemi ile AFM1 varlığı analiz edilmiştir. Çiğ manda sütü örneklerinin tamamında AFM1 miktarı Türk Gıda Kodeksi Yönetmeliği’nde belirtilen 0.05 µg/kg (50 ng/L) maksimum yasal limitin altında olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Karabük merkez ve ilçe bazında toplanan örneklerde kendi içinde istatistiki yönden farklılık önemli görülmüş olup Yenice ilçesi AFM1 seviyesi (2.18 ng/L) ortalama olarak daha yüksek değerde bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Hayvan yemlerinde ve sütlerde aflatoksin miktarlarının sıkı kontrol-izleme programları ile takip edilmesi gıda güvenliği ve toplum sağlığı açısından önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çiğ Manda sütü , Aflatoksin M1 , ELİSA testi , Karabük

Etik Beyan

Etik Beyan bulunmamaktadır.

Destekleyen Kurum

Karabük Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırmalar Koordinatörlüğü-BAP

Proje Numarası

KBÜBAP-23-DS-127.

Teşekkür

Bu çalışmanın gerçekleştirilmesinde finansal destek sağlayan Karabük Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinatörlüğü’ne teşekkürlerimizi sunarız (Proje Numarası:” KBÜBAP-23-DS-127). Ayrıca Karabük İl Tarım ve Orman Müdürlüğü, İlçe Müdürlükleri ve kurumun Veteriner Hekimlerine Manda sütü temin edilmesinde katkılarından dolayı teşekkür ederiz.

Determination of Aflatoxin M1 Levels in Buffalo Milk in Karabük Province

Öz

AFM1, which is found in milk as residue, causes growth retardation, immune system suppression and cancer in humans. This study was conducted to monitor AFM1 concentrations in raw buffalo milk and compare them with the maximum permissible limits determined by the Turkish Food Codex regulation and European standards. Buffalo milk samples were collected as material from family-type small dairy farms located in Karabük center, Eflani, Safranbolu and Yenice districts between November 2023 and January 2024. In the study, the presence of AFM1 was analyzed in 90 raw buffalo milk samples by ELISA method. It was determined that the amount of AFM1 in all raw buffalo milk samples was below the maximum legal limit of 0.05 µg/kg (50 ng/L) specified in the Turkish Food Codex Regulation. The difference in the samples collected from Karabük center and districts was found to be statistically significant, and the AFM1 level (2.18 ng/L) in Yenice district was found to be higher on average (p<0.05). It is recommended that aflatoxin levels in animal feeds and milk be monitored with strict control-monitoring programs in terms of food safety and public health.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Raw buffalo milk , Aflatoxin M1 , ELISA test , Karabük

Proje Numarası

KBÜBAP-23-DS-127.

Kaynakça

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