Research Article
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The Effect of Teaching the Fifth-Grade 'Propagation of Light' Unit Based on the 5e Learning Model on Students' Learning Outcomes

Year 2025, Volume: 15 Issue: 2, 1036 - 1065, 31.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.17984/adyuebd.1701809

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the impact of the 5E learning model on fifth-grade students' academic achievement, motivation, and attitudes in the "Propagation of Light" unit. The research was carried out during the first semester of the 2022-2023 academic year at a middle school in Kahramanmaras. Data were collected using three instruments: the Light Propagation Academic Achievement Test (LPAAT), the Science Attitude Scale (SAS), and the Science Motivation Scale (SMS). A quasi-experimental design with a pre-test and post-test control group was employed. Before the intervention, pre-tests were administered to both groups. Subsequently, the experimental group (n=23) was taught using 5E model-based activities, while the control group (n=24) followed traditional teaching methods for six weeks. Following the implementation, post-tests were conducted to measure the learning outcomes. The results indicated that the 5E learning model had a significant positive effect on students' academic achievement. The experimental group showed statistically higher post-test scores compared to the control group. Furthermore, the significant improvement in the experimental group's scores from the pre-test to the post-test suggests that the 5E model positively contributed to students' short-term academic achievement. Regarding motivation, students in the experimental group exhibited significantly higher motivation levels towards science compared to the control group. However, no significant difference was found between the two groups concerning attitudes towards science. The study concludes that the 5E model can be a highly effective approach for improving students' academic performance and motivation in science education.

Ethical Statement

This study was conducted as part of the master's degree program in Science Education at the Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University. The research involved a change in academic supervision during the process. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University with the decision dated 29.06.2022 and numbered 2022/23. All ethical principles were followed throughout the research process.

Supporting Institution

Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Univercity

Thanks

I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to my dear mother, Züleyha DUMAN, and father, Metin DUMAN, who have always supported me both materially and morally and have been by my side under all circumstances. I sincerely thank the dedicated teachers of Çobanbeyli Cumhuriyet Primary and Secondary School for sharing their experiences with me and offering their support throughout the thesis writing process. This study is dedicated to the valuable students of Çobanbeyli Cumhuriyet Secondary School, who have given meaning to my profession, made me say “I’m so glad to be a teacher” every day, and most importantly, helped me recover psychologically after the February 6th earthquake, enabling me to continue my academic work and teaching career despite all difficulties. I thank them endlessly and wish them continuous success and happiness in their lives. I am so lucky to have you, dear students. Finally, I would like to thank my advisor, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Emine UZUN, for her guidance and support throughout this process.

References

  • Abungu, H. E., Okere, M. I. O., & Wachanga, S. W. (2014). The effect of science process skills teaching approach on secondary school students’ achievement in chemistry in Nyando District, Kenya. Journal of Educational and Social Research, 4(6), 359–372. http://dx.doi.org/10.5901/jesr.2014.v4n6p359
  • Alkan, İ., & Bayri, N. (2017). A meta‐analysis study on the relationship between motivation towards learning science and science achievement. Journal of Ziya Gökalp Education Faculty of Dicle University, 32, 865–874. http://dx.doi.org/10.14582/DUZGEF.1853
  • Aydın, S., & Yılmaz, M. (2010). The effect of the 5E learning model on students’ achievement and attitude in science education. Journal of Turkish Science Education, 7(1), 20–34.
  • Başkan, Z., Alev, N., & Karal, İ. S. (2010). Physics and mathematics teachers’ ideas about topics that could be related or integrated. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2(2), 1558–1562.
  • Bhatt, A., & Chhikara, M. (2020). Effectiveness of 5E instructional model on achievement in science of rural area students. International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts, 8(6), 2287–2293.
  • Bruner, J. S. (1961). The act of discovery. Harvard University Press.
  • Bybee, R. W. (2006). The BSCS 5E instructional model: Origins, effectiveness, and applications. Biological Sciences Curriculum Study.
  • Bybee, R. W., Taylor, J. A., Gardner, A., Van Scotter, P., Powell, J. C., Westbrook, A., & Landes, N. (2006). The BSCS 5E instructional model: Origins, effectiveness, and applications. Biological Sciences Curriculum Study.
  • Coştu, B., & Ayas, A. (2002). The effect of conceptual change text and conceptual change strategies on students’ conceptual understanding of chemical equilibrium. Journal of Turkish Science Education, 1(2), 57–62.
  • Demir, M., Demir, H., & Önder, F. (2012). Students’ motivation in science learning: A case of seventh graders. Journal of Educational Psychology, 54(1), 89–105.
  • Erdoğdu, S. (2011). Meta-analysis of 5E model effects in Turkish science education. Hacettepe University Journal of Education, 21(1), 85–101.
  • García-Carrillo, M., López-Pérez, M. V., & Sánchez-Pernía, N. (2020). Effects of the 5E model on STEM outcomes: A systematic review. International Journal of STEM Education, 7, Article 8.
  • Irak, M. (2019). 5. Sınıf Fen Bilimleri Dersi Işığın Yayılması Ünitesine Yönelik STEM Uygulamalarının Akademik Başarı ve STEM’e Karşı Tutum Üzerine Etkisinin İncelenmesi (Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). Kocaeli Üniversitesi.
  • Lederman, N. G. (2007). Nature of science: Past, present, and future. İçinde S. K. Abell & N. G. Lederman (Eds.), Handbook of research on science education (ss. 831–879). Lawrence Erlbaum.
  • National Research Council. (2012). A framework for K–12 science education: Practices, crosscutting concepts, and core ideas. The National Academies Press.
  • Nguyen, L. T., & McComas, W. F. (2021). The impact of the 5E instructional model on students’ motivation and attitudes toward science learning: A meta-analysis and systematic review. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 30(3), 339–354.
  • Öcal, N., & Dönmez, S. (2022). A systematic review of 5E instructional model studies in Turkey: Trends and gaps. Turkish Journal of Education, 11(3), 102–125.
  • Özsevgeç, T. (2006). The effect of drawing method supported instruction on students’ learning and retention of chemical concepts. Journal of Turkish Science Education, 3(1), 55–66.
  • Popper, K. (2002). The logic of scientific discovery. Routledge.
  • Sevim, B. (2013). Preservice teachers’ misconceptions about force and motion. Journal of Turkish Science Education, 10(3), 54–64.
  • Selçuk, Ş., Ünsal, Y., & Ergin, Ö. (2015). Investigation of the effect of conceptual change texts on students’ learning of light propagation. Journal of Educational Research, 18(1), 23–39.
  • Smith, A. J., Jones, B. K., & Lee, C. H. (2019). Efficacy of the 5E learning cycle: A meta-analysis of empirical studies. Educational Research Review, 27, 1–14.
  • Tuan, H. L., Chin, C. C., & Shieh, S. H. (2005). The development of a questionnaire to measure students’ motivation towards science learning. International Journal of Science Education, 27(6), 639–654.
  • Uzun, S., & Keleş, E. (2010). Examining science learning motivation in terms of some variables. Kırşehir Journal of Education Faculty, 11(3), 113–127.
  • Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. Harvard University Press.
  • Yalçın, N. (2010). The relationship between secondary school students’ attitudes toward science and technology course and their achievement (Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi.
  • Yeşilyurt, M., Bayraktar, Ş., Kan, S., & Orak, S. (2005). İlköğretim öğrencilerinin ışık kavramı ile ilgili düşünceleri. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 2(1), 1–24.

5E Öğrenme Modeline Dayalı Olarak Hazırlanan "Işığın Yayılması" Ünitesinin Beşinci Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Öğrenme Çıktıları Üzerindeki Etkisi

Year 2025, Volume: 15 Issue: 2, 1036 - 1065, 31.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.17984/adyuebd.1701809

Abstract

Bu çalışma, 5E öğrenme modelinin, beşinci sınıf öğrencilerinin "Işığın Yayılması" ünitesindeki akademik başarı, motivasyon ve tutumları üzerindeki etkisini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Araştırma, 2022-2023 eğitim-öğretim yılının ilk döneminde Kahramanmaraş'ta bulunan bir ortaokulda yürütülmüştür. Veri toplama aracı olarak Işığın Yayılması Akademik Başarı Testi, Fen Tutum Ölçeği ve Fen Motivasyon Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada, ön-test ve son-test kontrol gruplu yarı deneysel desen kullanılmıştır. Öğretim öncesi ön-testler uygulanmış, sonrasında deney grubu (n=23) 5E modeline dayalı etkinliklerle, kontrol grubu (n=24) ise geleneksel öğretim yöntemleriyle ders işlemiştir. Altı hafta süren uygulamanın ardından her iki gruba da son-testler yapılmıştır. Araştırma bulgularına göre, 5E öğrenme modelinin öğrencilerin akademik başarıları üzerinde anlamlı ve olumlu bir etkisi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Deney grubunun son-test puanları, kontrol grubuna göre istatistiksel olarak daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Ayrıca deney grubunun ön-testten son-teste olan puan artışı, 5E modelinin öğrencilerin kısa vadeli akademik başarılarına olumlu katkı sağladığını göstermektedir. Motivasyon konusunda da deney grubundaki öğrencilerin fen bilimlerine yönelik motivasyon düzeylerinin kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı derecede daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ancak fen tutumları açısından gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farka rastlanmamıştır. Çalışma, 5E modelinin öğrencilerin fen eğitimindeki akademik başarı ve motivasyonlarını artırmak için oldukça etkili bir yaklaşım olabileceğini ortaya koymaktadır.

Ethical Statement

Bu çalışma, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Fen Bilgisi Eğitimi Anabilim Dalı yüksek lisans programı kapsamında hazırlanmıştır. Araştırma sürecinde danışman değişikliği olmuştur. Çalışma, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Etik Kurulu’nun 29.06.2022 tarihli ve 2022/23 sayılı kararı ile onaylanmıştır. Araştırma sürecinde tüm etik ilkelere uyulmuştur.

Supporting Institution

Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi

Thanks

Bu çalışmada maddi ve manevi desteklerini hiçbir zaman esirgemeyen, her koşulda yanımda olan sevgili annem Züleyha DUMAN ve babam Metin DUMAN’a en içten teşekkürlerimi sunarım. Tez sürecimde deneyimlerini benimle paylaşan ve çeşitli şekillerde destek olan Çobanbeyli Cumhuriyet İlkokulu ve Ortaokulu’nun değerli öğretmenlerine teşekkür ederim. Bu çalışmayı, mesleki hayatıma anlam katan; bana her gün “İyi ki öğretmenim” dedirten ve özellikle 6 Şubat depremi sonrası psikolojik olarak toparlanmama katkı sağlayarak çalışmalarımı sürdürmemi mümkün kılan Çobanbeyli Cumhuriyet Ortaokulu’nun kıymetli öğrencilerine ithaf ediyorum. Sizlere sonsuz teşekkür ediyor, yaşam boyu başarı ve mutluluk diliyorum. İyi ki varsınız, gençler. Son olarak, rehberliği ve desteğiyle bu süreci şekillendiren danışmanım Doç. Dr. Emine UZUN’a teşekkür ederim.

References

  • Abungu, H. E., Okere, M. I. O., & Wachanga, S. W. (2014). The effect of science process skills teaching approach on secondary school students’ achievement in chemistry in Nyando District, Kenya. Journal of Educational and Social Research, 4(6), 359–372. http://dx.doi.org/10.5901/jesr.2014.v4n6p359
  • Alkan, İ., & Bayri, N. (2017). A meta‐analysis study on the relationship between motivation towards learning science and science achievement. Journal of Ziya Gökalp Education Faculty of Dicle University, 32, 865–874. http://dx.doi.org/10.14582/DUZGEF.1853
  • Aydın, S., & Yılmaz, M. (2010). The effect of the 5E learning model on students’ achievement and attitude in science education. Journal of Turkish Science Education, 7(1), 20–34.
  • Başkan, Z., Alev, N., & Karal, İ. S. (2010). Physics and mathematics teachers’ ideas about topics that could be related or integrated. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2(2), 1558–1562.
  • Bhatt, A., & Chhikara, M. (2020). Effectiveness of 5E instructional model on achievement in science of rural area students. International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts, 8(6), 2287–2293.
  • Bruner, J. S. (1961). The act of discovery. Harvard University Press.
  • Bybee, R. W. (2006). The BSCS 5E instructional model: Origins, effectiveness, and applications. Biological Sciences Curriculum Study.
  • Bybee, R. W., Taylor, J. A., Gardner, A., Van Scotter, P., Powell, J. C., Westbrook, A., & Landes, N. (2006). The BSCS 5E instructional model: Origins, effectiveness, and applications. Biological Sciences Curriculum Study.
  • Coştu, B., & Ayas, A. (2002). The effect of conceptual change text and conceptual change strategies on students’ conceptual understanding of chemical equilibrium. Journal of Turkish Science Education, 1(2), 57–62.
  • Demir, M., Demir, H., & Önder, F. (2012). Students’ motivation in science learning: A case of seventh graders. Journal of Educational Psychology, 54(1), 89–105.
  • Erdoğdu, S. (2011). Meta-analysis of 5E model effects in Turkish science education. Hacettepe University Journal of Education, 21(1), 85–101.
  • García-Carrillo, M., López-Pérez, M. V., & Sánchez-Pernía, N. (2020). Effects of the 5E model on STEM outcomes: A systematic review. International Journal of STEM Education, 7, Article 8.
  • Irak, M. (2019). 5. Sınıf Fen Bilimleri Dersi Işığın Yayılması Ünitesine Yönelik STEM Uygulamalarının Akademik Başarı ve STEM’e Karşı Tutum Üzerine Etkisinin İncelenmesi (Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). Kocaeli Üniversitesi.
  • Lederman, N. G. (2007). Nature of science: Past, present, and future. İçinde S. K. Abell & N. G. Lederman (Eds.), Handbook of research on science education (ss. 831–879). Lawrence Erlbaum.
  • National Research Council. (2012). A framework for K–12 science education: Practices, crosscutting concepts, and core ideas. The National Academies Press.
  • Nguyen, L. T., & McComas, W. F. (2021). The impact of the 5E instructional model on students’ motivation and attitudes toward science learning: A meta-analysis and systematic review. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 30(3), 339–354.
  • Öcal, N., & Dönmez, S. (2022). A systematic review of 5E instructional model studies in Turkey: Trends and gaps. Turkish Journal of Education, 11(3), 102–125.
  • Özsevgeç, T. (2006). The effect of drawing method supported instruction on students’ learning and retention of chemical concepts. Journal of Turkish Science Education, 3(1), 55–66.
  • Popper, K. (2002). The logic of scientific discovery. Routledge.
  • Sevim, B. (2013). Preservice teachers’ misconceptions about force and motion. Journal of Turkish Science Education, 10(3), 54–64.
  • Selçuk, Ş., Ünsal, Y., & Ergin, Ö. (2015). Investigation of the effect of conceptual change texts on students’ learning of light propagation. Journal of Educational Research, 18(1), 23–39.
  • Smith, A. J., Jones, B. K., & Lee, C. H. (2019). Efficacy of the 5E learning cycle: A meta-analysis of empirical studies. Educational Research Review, 27, 1–14.
  • Tuan, H. L., Chin, C. C., & Shieh, S. H. (2005). The development of a questionnaire to measure students’ motivation towards science learning. International Journal of Science Education, 27(6), 639–654.
  • Uzun, S., & Keleş, E. (2010). Examining science learning motivation in terms of some variables. Kırşehir Journal of Education Faculty, 11(3), 113–127.
  • Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. Harvard University Press.
  • Yalçın, N. (2010). The relationship between secondary school students’ attitudes toward science and technology course and their achievement (Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi.
  • Yeşilyurt, M., Bayraktar, Ş., Kan, S., & Orak, S. (2005). İlköğretim öğrencilerinin ışık kavramı ile ilgili düşünceleri. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 2(1), 1–24.
There are 27 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Science Education
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Esra Duman 0000-0002-6036-6296

Emine Uzun 0000-0002-9497-1558

Submission Date May 18, 2025
Acceptance Date August 18, 2025
Publication Date December 31, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 15 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Duman, E., & Uzun, E. (2025). The Effect of Teaching the Fifth-Grade ’Propagation of Light’ Unit Based on the 5e Learning Model on Students’ Learning Outcomes. Adıyaman University Journal of Educational Sciences, 15(2), 1036-1065. https://doi.org/10.17984/adyuebd.1701809

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
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