A Novel DEA-ELM Hybrid Method for Web Phishing Detection

Yasin Sönmez; Süleyman Dal

doi:10.54365/adyumbd.1752606

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Web Kimlik Avı Tespiti için Yeni Bir DEA-ELM Hibrit Yöntemi

Öz

Oltalama saldırıları, kullanıcıların hassas bilgilerini çalmak için aldatıcı web sayfaları kullanan yaygın bir siber güvenlik tehdididir. Bu çalışmada, oltalama web sitesi tespiti için Diferansiyel Evrim Algoritmaları (DEA) ile Aşırı Öğrenme Makineleri (ELM) çerçevesini entegre eden yeni bir sınıflandırma modeli öneriyoruz. Yaklaşım, özellikler arası sinyal iyileştirme için bir DEA mekanizması sunar ve bunu DEA aracılığıyla optimize edilmiş bir ELM ile birleştirir. Önerilen DEA-ELM modeli, Web Sayfası Kimlik Avı Tespit veri kümesi üzerinde değerlendirilmiştir. Random Forest, Lojistik Regresyon, Destek Vektör Makinesi (SVM) ve Karar Ağacı gibi geleneksel makine öğrenmesi modelleri %93 ile %97 arasında doğruluk sağlarken, önerilen DEA-ELM modeli %99,86 doğruluk oranı elde etmiştir; ayrıca yüksek kesinlik, geri çağırma ve F1 skoru metrikleri sunmuştur. %93 ile %97 arasında doğruluk elde eden Rastgele Orman, Lojistik Regresyon, Destek Vektör Makinesi ve Karar Ağacı gibi geleneksel makine öğrenimi modelleriyle karşılaştırıldığında, önerilen DEA-ELM modeli yüksek hassasiyet, geri çağırma ve F1 puanı ölçümleri sunmuştur. Bu sonuçlar, ölçeklenebilir, doğru ve gerçek zamanlı kimlik avı tespit sistemleri oluşturmada DEA için optimize edilmiş ELM'nin DEA analiziyle birleştirilmesinin potansiyelini doğrulamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kimlik Avı Tespiti , Siber Güvenlik , Makine Öğrenmesi

A Novel DEA-ELM Hybrid Method for Web Phishing Detection

Abstract

Phishing attacks are a pervasive cybersecurity threat, using deceptive web pages to steal users' sensitive information. Detecting phishing sites with high precision and efficiency is crucial for building effective countermeasures. In this study, we propose a novel classification model that integrates a Differential Evolution Algorithms (DEA) with Extreme Learning Machines (ELM) framework for phishing website detection. The approach introduces a DEA mechanism for inter-feature signal enhancement and couples it with an ELM, optimized through a DEA. The proposed DEA-ELM model was evaluated on the Web Page Phishing Detection dataset, Compared to traditional machine learning models such as Random Forest, Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Decision Tree, which achieved accuracies between 93% and 97%, the proposed DEA-ELM model achieved a remarkable 99.86% accuracy, along with high precision, recall, and F1-score metrics. These results confirm the potential of DEA-optimized ELM combined with DEA analysis in creating scalable, accurate, and real-time phishing detection systems. The model also provides a reproducible framework by using publicly available data and open-source feature extraction scripts. Future work may explore hybrid feature selection strategies, larger-scale deployment, and online learning extensions.

Keywords

Phishing Detection , Cyber Security , Machine Leerning

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Computer System Software

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Yasin Sönmez
Türkiye

Süleyman Dal ^*
0000-0002-4564-8076
Türkiye

Publication Date

December 24, 2025

Submission Date

July 28, 2025

Acceptance Date

October 31, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 12 Number: 27

DOI

https://doi.org/10.54365/adyumbd.1752606

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA93FA77UF

APA

Sönmez, Y., & Dal, S. (2025). A Novel DEA-ELM Hybrid Method for Web Phishing Detection. Adıyaman Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 12(27), 390-402. https://doi.org/10.54365/adyumbd.1752606

AMA

1.Sönmez Y, Dal S. A Novel DEA-ELM Hybrid Method for Web Phishing Detection. Adıyaman Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. 2025;12(27):390-402. doi:10.54365/adyumbd.1752606

Chicago

Sönmez, Yasin, and Süleyman Dal. 2025. “A Novel DEA-ELM Hybrid Method for Web Phishing Detection”. Adıyaman Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 12 (27): 390-402. https://doi.org/10.54365/adyumbd.1752606.

EndNote

Sönmez Y, Dal S (December 1, 2025) A Novel DEA-ELM Hybrid Method for Web Phishing Detection. Adıyaman Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 12 27 390–402.

IEEE

[1]Y. Sönmez and S. Dal, “A Novel DEA-ELM Hybrid Method for Web Phishing Detection”, Adıyaman Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 12, no. 27, pp. 390–402, Dec. 2025, doi: 10.54365/adyumbd.1752606.

ISNAD

Sönmez, Yasin - Dal, Süleyman. “A Novel DEA-ELM Hybrid Method for Web Phishing Detection”. Adıyaman Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 12/27 (December 1, 2025): 390-402. https://doi.org/10.54365/adyumbd.1752606.

JAMA

1.Sönmez Y, Dal S. A Novel DEA-ELM Hybrid Method for Web Phishing Detection. Adıyaman Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. 2025;12:390–402.

MLA

Sönmez, Yasin, and Süleyman Dal. “A Novel DEA-ELM Hybrid Method for Web Phishing Detection”. Adıyaman Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 12, no. 27, Dec. 2025, pp. 390-02, doi:10.54365/adyumbd.1752606.

Vancouver

1.Yasin Sönmez, Süleyman Dal. A Novel DEA-ELM Hybrid Method for Web Phishing Detection. Adıyaman Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. 2025 Dec. 1;12(27):390-402. doi:10.54365/adyumbd.1752606

Web Kimlik Avı Tespiti için Yeni Bir DEA-ELM Hibrit Yöntemi

Öz

Anahtar Kelimeler

A Novel DEA-ELM Hybrid Method for Web Phishing Detection

Abstract

Keywords

References

Details

Primary Language

Subjects

Journal Section

Authors

Publication Date

Submission Date

Acceptance Date

Published in Issue

DOI

IZ

Cite