Determination of Waste Thickness of the Closed Solid Waste Site, Halkalı, Istanbul, Türkiye
Abstract
The aim of this study is to analyze the closed Halkalı solid waste landfill in Istanbul using Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) in order to evaluate the depth and spatial distribution of accumulated waste. The landfill, which operated between 1983 and 1994, has raised concerns regarding its future usability due to potential environmental risks. The research focuses on Menekşe Valley, located between the Menekşe and Hasanoğlu streams, and aims to determine whether the remaining waste thickness at the site poses a potential contamination threat, particularly in the context of increasing urban development interest. GPR surveys conducted with 38 MHz and 75 MHz antennas revealed waste layers at depths ranging from 5 to 15 meters, indicating significant heterogeneity within the study area. These findings may suggest a potential environmental risk associated with leachate generation due to rainwater infiltration; however, a more reliable assessment would require detailed characterization of the leachate and/or systematic monitoring of groundwater quality. The results of this study are of great importance for assessing the site’s suitability for development, shaping environmental policies, and providing scientific data to support land-use planning.
Keywords
GPR, Halkalı, Istanbul, Leachate, Solid Waste Site, Waste Thickness
Thanks
References
- McQuown MS, Becker SR, Miller PT. Subsurface characterization of a landfill using integrated geophysical techniques. In: Proceedings of the Fifth National Outdoor Action Conference on Aquifer Restoration, Ground Water Monitoring and Geophysical Methods, ed. Water Well Journal Publishing Co., pp. 933-946, May 13-16; Las Vegas, Nevada, Amerika; 1991.
- Scaife JE. Using geophysical techniques in environmental site assessments. Municipal & Industrial Water & Pollution Control 1990; CXXVIII(4): 4-5.
- Hall DW, Pasicznyk DL. Application of seismic refraction and terrain conductivity methods at a ground water pollution site in North-Central New Jersey. In: Graves B, Lehr JH, Butcher K, Alcorn P, Ammerman L, Williams P, Renz M, Shelton V (eds) 1st national outdoor action conference on aquifer restoration, groundwater monitoring and geophysical methods. National Water Well Association, pp 505–524, Las Vegas, Nevada, Amerka; 1997.
- Kayabalı K, Yüksel FA, Yeken T. Integrated use of hydrochemistry and resistivity in groundwater contamination caused by a recently closed solid waste site. Environ. Geol. 1998; 36:227–234.
- Aristodemou E, Thomas-Betts A. DC resistivity and induced polarization investigations at a waste disposal site and its environments. Journal of Applied Geophysics 2000; (2-3):275-302.
- Sauck WA. A model for the resistivity structure of LNAPL plumes and their environs in sandy sediments. Journal of Applied Geophysics 2000; 44:151–165.
- Abidin MHZ, Saad R, Ahmad F, Wijeyesekera DC, Baharuddin MFT. Seismic refraction investigation on near surface landslides at the Kundasang area in Sabah, Malaysia. Procedia Eng. 2012; 50:516–531.
- Konstantaki LA, Ghose R, Draganov D, Diaferia G, Heimovaara T. Characterization of a heterogeneous landfill using seismic and electrical resistivity data. Geophysics 2015; 80:EN13–EN25.
- Dumont G, Robert T, Marck N, Nguyen F. Assessment of multiple geophysical techniques for the characterization of municipal waste deposit sites. J. Appl. Geophys. 2017; 145:74–83.
- Orlando L, Marchesi E. Georadar as a tool to identify and characterize solid waste dump deposits. Journal of Applied Geophysics 2001; 48:163–174.