Research Article

Compression Characterization of Multi-Shore and Functionally Graded Silicone-Infilled Kelvin-Cell Lattices

Volume: 13 Number: 1 August 17, 2026
EN TR

Compression Characterization of Multi-Shore and Functionally Graded Silicone-Infilled Kelvin-Cell Lattices

Abstract

In this study, Kelvin-cell lattices fabricated via vat polymerization were combined with RTV-2 silicone infill to create hybrid and functionally graded architectures. Four silicone Shore hardness levels were investigated to quantify the influence of infill hardness, followed by functionally graded designs using the hardness level that yielded the highest mean compressive performance. Compression tests revealed monotonic increases in compressive force, maximum stress, and energy absorption with increasing Shore hardness, with Shore 50A silicone providing the highest performance. At 60% strain, the Shore 50A infilled lattice exhibited a ~704% increase in load capacity and a ~3.66 times improvement in energy absorption. Based on these results, functionally graded specimens with varying silicone filling heights (2–5 cells) were tested up to 60% strain using stress–strain analysis to capture the full deformation regime. The functionally graded lattices showed a sequential deformation mechanism, where Kelvin-cell collapse preceded silicone densification in partially filled configurations, enabling delayed densification and smoother stress evolution. The results demonstrate that silicone hardness and infill grading are effective design parameters for tuning the compressive properties of Kelvin-cell lattices.

Keywords

Kelvin-cell lattice, Functionally graded materials (FGM), Compressive behavior, Energy absorption capacity, Additive manufacturing, Tunable mechanical properties

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APA
Kuleyin, H., & Uşun, A. (2026). Compression Characterization of Multi-Shore and Functionally Graded Silicone-Infilled Kelvin-Cell Lattices. Adıyaman Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 13(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.54365/adyumbd.1851644
AMA
1.Kuleyin H, Uşun A. Compression Characterization of Multi-Shore and Functionally Graded Silicone-Infilled Kelvin-Cell Lattices. Adıyaman Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. 2026;13(1):1-12. doi:10.54365/adyumbd.1851644
Chicago
Kuleyin, Hamdi, and Altuğ Uşun. 2026. “Compression Characterization of Multi-Shore and Functionally Graded Silicone-Infilled Kelvin-Cell Lattices”. Adıyaman Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 13 (1): 1-12. https://doi.org/10.54365/adyumbd.1851644.
EndNote
Kuleyin H, Uşun A (August 1, 2026) Compression Characterization of Multi-Shore and Functionally Graded Silicone-Infilled Kelvin-Cell Lattices. Adıyaman Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 13 1 1–12.
IEEE
[1]H. Kuleyin and A. Uşun, “Compression Characterization of Multi-Shore and Functionally Graded Silicone-Infilled Kelvin-Cell Lattices”, Adıyaman Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 1–12, Aug. 2026, doi: 10.54365/adyumbd.1851644.
ISNAD
Kuleyin, Hamdi - Uşun, Altuğ. “Compression Characterization of Multi-Shore and Functionally Graded Silicone-Infilled Kelvin-Cell Lattices”. Adıyaman Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 13/1 (August 1, 2026): 1-12. https://doi.org/10.54365/adyumbd.1851644.
JAMA
1.Kuleyin H, Uşun A. Compression Characterization of Multi-Shore and Functionally Graded Silicone-Infilled Kelvin-Cell Lattices. Adıyaman Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. 2026;13:1–12.
MLA
Kuleyin, Hamdi, and Altuğ Uşun. “Compression Characterization of Multi-Shore and Functionally Graded Silicone-Infilled Kelvin-Cell Lattices”. Adıyaman Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 13, no. 1, Aug. 2026, pp. 1-12, doi:10.54365/adyumbd.1851644.
Vancouver
1.Hamdi Kuleyin, Altuğ Uşun. Compression Characterization of Multi-Shore and Functionally Graded Silicone-Infilled Kelvin-Cell Lattices. Adıyaman Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. 2026 Aug. 1;13(1):1-12. doi:10.54365/adyumbd.1851644